Logistics: Economics and Supply Chain Essay

Transportation in the region has a long and successful past. However, public transportation has consistently taken a back seat to the personal automobile. There has been a strong core of persons who rely on public transportation to achieve mobility, and governmental

Organizations are constantly being challenged to identify ways to reduce operating cost, increase equipment capacity and utilization. There are many variables in why we see continued increases. One of the major effects is raising fuel cost. Companies are constantly battling this variable. This is not the only issue facing companies today. But it is certainly a concerning one to companies who rely on fuel for their company to thrive. These challenges are aligned with rising material costs as well. The economics of transportation affects the lives of all U.S. citizens and citizens of other nations. The

The Customer relationship, Order fulfillment, and Supplier relationship processes need to be analyzed from the perspective of process structure, process improvement, layout, and capacity.

Mellat-Parast and Spillan (2014) defines supply chain management as the method of handling material and information moves from the beginning, through the organization, and to the end-user. This is a very important factor of organizational strategy.

Transportation is like steroids! Steroids can help your muscle to develop faster but it can seriously damage your health. Likewise, transportation can help human civilization to grow but at the same time, it can cause great damage to our natural environment. Although different forms of transportation have made lives easier by letting people travel from place to place in ease, it also has detrimental effects on the local environment. For instance, it can cause major pollution on all water, land and air. Among all the countries that are suffering the disadvantages of transportation, China has to face tremendous side effects of having a large number of transportation systems.

The difference in the share of railways in the USA and the EU is due to the geographical distances between cities in the USA and the EU. Railways cost less to operate and have fewer emissions when compared to trucking. Yet, the use of railways is limited for the following reasons: (i) building its infrastructure is very costly; (ii) the long lead time required for developing the infrastructure; (iii) consistent-high-volume of the freight traffic is needed for economic viability; and (iv) the need for trucks for the distribution to the final destinations. Trucks have many advantages over other modes of transportation, especially that they provide last mile delivery. Trucks, as compared to railways, ships, or planes have the most flexibility in reaching a destination, and the upfront

Supply Chain Management (SCM) aims at integrating all corporate activities to improve relationships at all levels (internal operations, supplier networks, and distribution channel) to meet the competitive edge and satisfy the customer. In order to build an effective and complete business process that supports SCM, information among all business partners need to be shared. Information sharing through the Internet reduces the gap for business-to-business (B2B) commerce by enabling seamless integration with enterprise processes among partner corporations.

Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been defined by Supply Chain Management Institute to be “the management of relationships in the network of organizations, from end customers through original suppliers, using key cross-functional business processes to create value for customers and other stakeholders”(SCM-Institute, 2016).

Public transportation is serious need of a massive overhaul in this nation. We are in desperate need to catch up to the European standard of public transportation in this country. In Europe, citizens can travel across cities, bodies of water, and even counties with their state of the art public transportation system. Europeans are not nearly as reliant on cars and oil as the United States is because they have the much more practical option of taking the transportation provided to them by the government to where ever they need to go. They have set a model that the United States needs to strive for and meet in the near future.

In all countries transportation has always been a staple I every community, city, state and country. Without some form of transportation it would take forever for one person to point B from point A. To solve the issue people began using animals as transportation. The horse was the most popular form of transportation because it was very fast and multiple people could ride on a horse at a time. Then people began being transported by horse and buggy, which eventually led to trains and cars. Today transportation is no longer an issue, but the price for transportation is a huge issue. With gas prices constantly rising year after year and cost of living going up, people in society are trying to live more efficiently. To live more efficiently Taxis and metro were created but today they are no longer the most efficient way to travel. To travel efficiently a company in the United States created something called UBER. Uber is the next big thing when it comes to travel efficiency and it would benefit other countries as well.

Transportation is one of the largest industries in the world. It is the most costly and time consuming of the supply chain. Transportation refers to the movement of products and raw materials from one destination to another. This process begins from the supply chain to the shipping of the finished product to the consumer. For we know that products are rarely produced in the same location. We as people depend on transportation because it moves goods and people from one place to another.

The use of the transportation system has made life in the world simpler, since we depend on transportation to transport us to and from our daily operations. Today, in this world we can go anywhere we choose to, due to how transportation has evolved over the years starting from the wheel. Transportation has made the world a very comfortable to live in, but sometimes as humans we sometimes forget to appreciate the small things in life like transportation. Our time in life is very valuable, and transportation helps supports our valuable time by transporting us to different places at a faster speed. If transportation decided to abruptly come to an end, the world would end up in chaos, because without transportation this world would be a difficult place to live in. If people have no means of transporting them themselves in this world, how would they keep their job and find a job, in order to put food on the table for themselves and their families. If people in this world today, just all of sudden get sick, how would they be able to transport themselves to the hospital. If there is no transportation how people go into stores in buy food, clothes, medicine, and other necessary items that help them sustain health. Transportation is one of the reason, why so many of us have food on our refrigerator and tables at night and clothes on our back. In this world today, there are many sick children in this world that need our support, and transportation is one of the

Truck transportation has been the backbone of freight movements in the United States and across the globe for decades. While utilizing trucks is an economical way to move freight for short hauls of less than a 1,000 miles, there are high environmental and infrastructure costs for utilizing this mode of transportation. According to Lowe, road transportation’s use of energy resources rose 103 per cent in the period since 1970 (2005). Additionally, Lowe points out that road transportation’s emission of green house gasses, “increased by 76% between 1971 and 1989” (Lowe, 2005, p. 112). Furthermore, road transportation is the largest polluter in the industry. It utilizes “over 80% of the total energy used in the transport sector and contributes over 75% of its total CO2 output (Lowe, 2005, p. 113). Finally, freight transportation by heavy vehicles causes pavement damage at significantly higher rates than passenger traffic (SSTI, 2011).

As quoted by Rodrigue, J-P (2013), “the most important transport problems are often related to urban areas and take place where transport systems fails to satisfy the various requirements of urban mobility because of several reasons. Productivity of any urban area is highly dependent on its transport system and also its efficiency to regulate goods, workers and consumers between multiple origins and destinations”.

As mentioned in the introduction, transport is theorized to raise industrial productivity. Determining the causal mechanism for these productivity gains is difficult, and measuring them accurately and efficiently is even more difficult due to statistical hurdles and data availability. The three most common approaches to estimating industrial effects of transportation are microeconomic and macroeconomic approaches and a historical or wider benefits approach (Lakshmanan, 2011).