Longitudinal Design Disadvantages

Longitudinal – several observations over a period of time. We use these types of observation if there appears to be a concern over behaviour or development.

·  How were measures of variation used in the study? What conclusions can you draw based on the variation?

The beginning of the raw data into the data filtering and processing systems. For example, if you think the interested in the differences by age, it is probably to start with customers surveys from different age groups.

Single-subject design (p. 238) – using just one participate or very few participants to study the influence of a new procedure (2012, p. 238).

2. How does this documentary series illustrate the disadvantages of longitudinal panel studies, as discussed in Babbie (pp. 113-114)?

Under the research design section it could have been mentioned that the study was a descriptive correlation design, experimental design, Quasi-experimental design, or a comparative descriptive design which is "used to describe a phenomenon of interest and related variable" (Gray, Grove, & Sutherland,

| research design in which one participant or group of participants is studied over a long period of time

The study had limited to a certain population whose age ranging from 20 to 65 years old. Limiting the study to a particular population would prevent the researcher from examining the inequalities in the remaining population. In addition, although the missing data did not affect a lot to the results, it would be better to replace the missing data as it reduced the bias and improved the quality of

These episodes are also summarized versions of research articles which means that important information can excluded. This omission of information can then be misleading to the general public. In regards to the research article the type of study conducted comes with its own weaknesses. Since the study is longitudinal there is a risk of attrition or loss of participants. Participants who may have had low academic achievement and were the oldest child may have dropped out of the study which could lead to the results the researchers

These studies only included undergraduate students, therefore consisting mainly of young adults. This raises questions on whether results can be generalised to those in all age groups.

A type of educational research in which the research decides what to study; asks specific, narrow questions,

Longitudinal, in which scientists study the same individuals or society repeatedly over a specified period of time

3. At this point the general direction of the research has probably made clear which of the various research or design types is most appropriate. For example, it may be decided that a survey, or an experiment, or some other design should be used.

A study design is the procedure that guides a researcher on how to collect, analyze and interpret observations. It is a logical model that guides the investigator while he navigates through the various stages of the research. Study types can be classified severally depending on the research strategy employed. A study type can be non-interventional that is ‘observational’ where a researcher just observes and analyses researchable objects or situations without intervening. Non-interventional study designs can be exploratory, descriptive or comparative. A study can also be

Quantitative research design is an excellent way of finalizing results and proving or disproving a hypothesis. The structure has not changed for centuries, so is standard across many scientific fields and disciplines. After statistical analysis of the results, a comprehensive answer is reached, and the results can be legitimately discussed and published. Quantitative experiments