Loss Of Control Over Eating Scale: Qualitative Research

Many people are unaware of the background of eating disorders. Women are more likely than men to develop an eating disorder and they usually develop in childhood before the age of 20 (Ross-Flanigan 1). Women as well as men can develop an eating disorder; it is just more likely for a woman to develop one. Eating disorders are usually developed in adolescent or childhood years when a person is influenced the most. Also “Eating disorders are psychological conditions that involve overeating, voluntary starvation, or both. Anorexia nervosa, anorexic bulimia, and binge eating are the most well-known types of eating disorders” (Ross-Flanigan 1). Many people assume that an eating disorder is when a person staves themselves; they do not realize that it can involve overeating as well. Some eating disorders also involve purging, but not all. People with an eating disorder fear gaining weight even when they are severely underweight. They do not lack an appetite (Ross-Flanigan 1). These people are

Like those who show bulimia nervosa, individuals with binge eating disorder are involved in repeated eating binges during which they feel no control over their eating. Today’s treatments for binge eating disorder are similar to those for bulimia. These treatments consist of Cognitive behavioral therapy, as well as other forms of psychotherapy and in some cases anti-depressant medication. The anti-depressant medication is given to assist in the reduction of binge eating patterns and to alter the disturbed concern over weight and

Thesis Statement: It is important to understand eating disorders and the types of eating disorders to overcome them and seek the proper treatment.

It was originally considered that, like bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa, binge-eating disorders occurred in females at a rate of 10 to 1 (Striegel-Moore and Franko, 2003). But studies have shown that a significant portion of men have binge-eating disorder as well ( Early trials showed that although the samples were not separated for race or gender, it became evident that binge-eating disorder affected both differing races and genders in similar ways. These studies lead to the first “large-scale surveys to examine eating disorders in male and non-White populations” (Striegel-Moore and Franko, 2003, p. S22). Studies have shown that “approximately 29% of subjects in weight control programs met the criteria for [binge-eating disorder],” (Spitzer, Yanovski, Wadden, Wing, Marcus. Stunkard, Devlin, Mitchell, Hasin, & Horne, 1992, p. 137). Possible risk factors for binge-eating disorder are still largely unknown at this time (Striegel-Moore and Franko, 2003), although some similarities amongst clients have been identified. These include: preoccupation with body image and weight, impairment in social functioning, significant time of adult life spent dieting, and a history of mental health concerns including alcoholism, depression, and anxiety (Spitzer et al., 1992).

Eating disorder is a term used to describe several psychological disorders characterized by abnormal eating habits. Some of the most common eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Anorexia nervosa is probably the most well-known of these. A person suffering from anorexia nervosa will obsess over weight gain and show unusual anxiety related to weight gain. Depending upon the type (binge-eating/purging type or restricting type) a person will either consume food and then attempt to “purge”, a term used to describe a method of forced removal of food from the body such as self-induced vomiting, or they will restrict the amount of food consumed. In most cases the person will be under healthy weight and often see themselves as average weight or even overweight. In bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorders the affected person will eat excessive amounts of food. People suffering from these diseases report feeling out of control during their binge eating episodes. In bulimia nervosa binge eating episodes are followed by some method of purging whereas in binge eating disorder they are not, although the person normally expresses feelings of guilt or embarrassment afterwards. People suffering from bulimia nervosa are usually average weight which can make detection difficult. Those with binge eating disorder are normally

The subject matter in this piece suggests that you need to have prior information about cognitive behaviour as well as bulimia nervosa. This makes the target audience for this study psychologists, and psychiatrists who specialize in the field of eating disorders as well as cognitive behavioural therapy. The study investigates the comparison of two different measures of dietary restraint and how they relate, and vary in many aspects. It also provides evidence that the Eating Disorders Examinations Restraint subscale (EDE-R) is more efficient in measuring changes in

Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating as well as by self-induced vomiting and/or laxative abuse (Mitchell, 1986). Episodes of overeating typically alternate with attempts to diet, although the eating habits of bulimics and their methods of weight control vary (Fairburn et al., 1986). The majority of bulimics have a body weight within the normal range for their height, build, and age, and yet possess intense and prominent concerns about their shape and weight (Fairburn et al., 1986). Individuals with bulimia nervosa are aware that they have an eating problem, and therefore are often eager to receive help. The most common approach to

According to the DSM-5, eating disorders are characterized by a persistent disturbance of eating–related behavior that results in non-normative eating patterns which leads to impaired physical and psychosocial functioning, (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating with inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain. Binge eating is described as eating an amount of food definitely larger than normal with a sense of lack of control. Compensatory behaviors include misuse of laxatives, self-induced vomiting, diuretics, fasting and excessive exercise, (Comer, 2014) . Another key feature is

The EDI, as a multifaceted instrument and as one of the most widely used assessment tools, provides a standardized rating scale, which is used internationally (Garner, 1984). Eating disorder specialists frequently use EDI with adolescents who experience symptoms and present psychological features of eating disorders. According to the user’s manual, EDI-3 asses associated risk factors and outcomes of treatment and it can be used to assess the DSM-IV-TR diagnoses of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified (Garner, 2004). However, the EDI-3 does not assess Binge Eating Disorders (Atlas, 2007). The EDI-3 is appropriate to use with females ages 13-53 (2007). In addition, EDI is used internationally not only in clinical settings but in research too (Clausen, Rosenvinge, Friborg, & Rokkedal, 2011). EDI is constructed to inventory the severity of eating disorders (Garner, 1984).

A person with an eating disorder may have started out just eating smaller or larger amounts of food, but at some point, the urge to eat less or more spiraled out of control. Severe distress or concern about body weight or shape may also characterize an eating disorder" (National Institute of Mental Health, p. 3, 2011). Eating addictions are extreme on both ends. If someone has an eating addiction and excessively eats, then they can become overweight. If someone has an eating addiction and eats little to nothing, then they can become excessively thin. Eating disorders frequently develop during adolescence or early adulthood, but can occur during childhood or later in adulthood. Females are more likely than males to develop an eating disorder for a few different reasons. “Eating disorders are more than just a problem with food. Food is used to feel in control of other feelings that may seem overwhelming” (www.womenshealth.gov, 2010). The feeling of being able to either eat as much food as one wants or little to no food, is one that helps someone feel in control, especially if he or she feels as though he or she is not in control in other various aspects of his or her

The question and area of interested examined was the behavioral aspects of individuals who suffer from Binge Eating Disorder and the concurrence of food addiction characteristics. The participants were obese and looking to lose weight and the average age was about 48. Additionally, the average BMI was about 41.

“LOC” (Loss of Control) eating is coined as an acronym for the experience of being unable to stop or control eating, regardless of the amount being consumed (Tanofsky-Kraff, Shomaker, Young, & Wilfley). The feeling or signal of fullness and satiety typically exhibited by normal individuals having had a meal suddenly cease to exist; a person falls into coping with emotional strain through an activity they deem as one that brings a sense of control. As stated by the authors of the article this brings about feelings of guilt, withdrawal, and self-disgust after the action of binging has subsided. This brief study of at-risk adolescent girls shows the correlation between interpersonal relation and unhealthy weight as a result of binge-eating. An example is shown through the case of a 13-year-old, non-Hispanic White girl participating in clinical research via trial of interpersonal psychotherapy-weight gain (IPT-WG). This is important to note as this group of individuals mentioned are at the highest risk for developing weight issues in relation to low self-image.

Mayer, Schebendach, Bodell, Shingleton, & Walsh (2012) completed a study to learn more about eating behaviors in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) patients before and after the patients with AN were able to stabilize their weight, which means the act of keeping their weight from fluctuating. “Anorexia Nervosa is a psychiatric illness that is characterized by low weight, an intense fear of gaining weight, and the fear of fat; as core symptoms of this illness, these fears lead to significant dietary restriction and weight loss” (p. 290). Eating behaviors are any behaviors in relation to eating that may be uncharacteristic: restricting (limiting what they eat), binging (indulging, or eating excessively), and purging (getting rid of or removing food by

Binge eating is defined as “consuming an amount of food in a discrete period of time (e.g. 2 hours) that is definitely larger than what most people would eat in a similar amount of time under similar circumstances” (UpToDate). UpToDate surveyed adults in the United States and estimated that the lifetime prevalence of binging is 2.6%, and that the average prevalence in clinical samples (weight control programs) is 30%. The prevalence had no relationship to race, employment status, or marital status. Binging disorder is more common in women than men, probably due to the media’s preoccupation with weight loss and linking self-esteem to being thin. About half of the binge eaters of our country are overweight or obese,

Food addiction leads to severe physical and psychological problems over time (Carpenter, C.L.; 2012). Individuals may start hiding their food consumption just to get their "fix", or because they feel embarrassed, or ashamed. Individuals may become depressed or experience low self-esteem. Addictions, especially food addictions are powerful. Individuals may not even be aware that they have a food addiction they may feel as though they lack discipline or are weak in regards to choosing and consuming foods (Carpenter, C.L.; 2012). Food addiction is not widely acknowledged.