Louis Pasteur And Lister

Louis Pasteur was magnificently a genius. His life was an example of hard work and persistence. He was called “The father of modern hygiene, public health and much of modern medicine, as well as the father of microbiology and immunology.” As a scientist, he made many discoveries and experimentations that are benefits to human and animals. Although sometimes his claims raised controversies, Louis Pasteur investigated, revised deeper and deeper his claims to bring up more evidences that lead him to more and more discoveries. Today, because of his claims; we know the correlation or causation between putrefaction and fermentation. We know what makes the milk spoiled, and how to prevent people to overuse it by putting an expiring date on the gallon.

The intention of this paper is to examine the significant and enduring impact Louis Pasteur had on public health and wonderful advances in medicines and invention of vaccines. Louis Pasteur was a truly talented person who made many various discoveries in different areas of science. He invented Pasteurization, the process of treating milk free of damage causing microorganisms (Louis Pasteur, 2014). In 1843, Louis enrolled at the Ecole Normale Supe´rieure in Paris, where he focused in the origins of life. During the time he was professor in Strasbourg, France, he started investigating fermentation, which is a chemical process that breaks down organic substance. Pasteur became drawn to the field of transmittable diseases and the discovery of

The food industry has been using this process all over the world. He also developed the first vaccine for rabies where he was testing on dogs but no humans yet. He finally administered a boy to get bit by a rabid dog and the boy lived to be an adult. Pasteur was awarded the Rumford Medal for the discovery of racemic acid. Then he was awarded the Montyon Prize for experimental physiology. He was awarded the Copley medal for fermentation and became a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and

Scientist, Louis Pasteur, is known as “the white knight of science.”[1] His discoveries have impacted the world for good. Though most may not know who he is, his influence touches the lives of people all over the world. Some of Pasteur’s most significant contributions to the world are his discoveries surrounding germs. Pasteur uncovered how dangerous germs are and that doctors can stop the spread of germs by properly sanitizing themselves and their instruments.[2] He was the pioneer of immunizations as he discovered that “weak forms of disease could be used … against stronger forms”[3] of viruses. He was also responsible for “introducing the medical world to the concept of viruses.”[4]

Louis Pasteur discovered how to vaccinate against infectious disease, but it was a long process before he got to that point. He first studied the process of fermentation, which is when sugars are turned into alcohol. When a vinegar manufacturer wanted to know why his vinegar was spoiling, Pasteur found that it was because yeast (a microscopic fungus) had come in contact with the juice. He found that by heating the beet juice to a controlled temperature, the yeast was killed, and the fermentation process was stopped. Today this process is known as pasteurization, and it is applied to all kinds of food such as milk and cheese. He took what he had learned and eventually isolated the organism that was causing silk worm eggs to be infected with disease and developed a method to prevent the eggs from becoming

Pasteur is best known for coming up with Pasteurization(named after him) which is a process in which bacteria are destroyed by boiling beverages and then cooling them. During this discovery, he also found out that microorganisms were responsible for spoiling wine and milk. When Pasteur found about Edward Jenner’s smallpox vaccination discovery he argued that if there is a vaccine for smallpox then there must be a vaccine for all diseases and that’s when he invented a vaccination for Rabies and Anthrax. Before his Germ theory, no one would sterilize their surgical equipment before performing a surgery which increased mortality rates during surgeries. Pasteur disproved Spontaneous Generation by performing an experiment using beef broth and flasks.

In last 150 years, medicine has had a paradigm shift due to the discovery of antibiotics, which are substances produced chemically from microorganisms like penicillin. According to the article “Penicillin”, Alexander Fleming was the first scientist who discovered penicillin in 1928. It has derived from penicillium mold and commercially produced using biotechnology. Antibiotics are very effective in preventing the spreading of harmful diseases. In the article “Microorganism”, viruses and bacteria, types of microorganisms, are used to prepare vaccines to protect humans from certain diseases. Some dangerous diseases, which threatened human life in the last century like polio and smallpox, had been completely eradicated due to the development of vaccines from microorganisms. According to “Discovery of Germs” by Reynolds, Pasteur devoted himself to preserve humans from diseases with the use of microorganisms. Even after he had a stroke, he has continued his research of microorganisms with his team to discover vaccines against anthrax and

Sanitation, disinfection, and proper sterilization are critical to the development and survival of health care. Lack of proper sanitation may lead to many WASH- related diseases. While now health care professional understand the importance of sanitation many years back basic sanitation was non existence these times was know as the dark age, medieval times, because of the multiple disease and epidemics spread claiming the lives of more than 60 million people due to lack of sanitization (Baratosy, 2015). It wasn’t until the mid 1800’s that it was discovered that by disinfecting, and sanitizing many diseases, which caused high mortality rates, could be controlled (Baratosy, 2015). We now witness a major decrease in spread of infection when compared to the 1800s yet considering the statistical studies done of the spread of infectious diseases in healthcare facilities due to the lack of proper sanitation and disinfection; there is still a ways to go. In 2011 Studies show that 1 out of 20 patients contract an infection after receiving medical

At that time the germ theory had not been developed, and they had no idea about microbes and their effects. Instead, they believed that diseases were caused by ‘bad air’, and the hospital managers believed the drop in deaths was a result of the recent installation of a new ventilation system. Diseases were also often blamed on an imbalance of the ‘four humors’ of the body. These humors were thought to be linked with liquids in the body, which is why bloodletting occurred. A large misconception that was held by nearly all doctors, and was considered conventional wisdom, was that each case of a disease was unique and the result of a personal imbalance. They diagnosed and treated every case differently so did not think about causes that may have been environmental. Doctors, not knowing of microbes, were highly offended by the suggestion that their hands were unclean, and so refused to wash

He did not have his own lab there, so he made one out of 2 rooms in the attic! He continued his research, where he discovered that some bacteria did not need oxygen to thrive -"anaerobic"-, while others did -"aerobic". We still use those two terms today. He went on to discover key elements concerning food preservation and also of heating up, and then cooling down of milk -"pasteurization" (named after him). And then later, after accidently exposing some chickens to a culture he was working on (with the chickens surviving the deadly chicken cholera disease), Pasteur went on to his germ theory that helped with disease vaccinations for rabies, small pox, TB, cholera, and anthrax. Known for his work in microbiology, he virtually founded a new field—microbiology. Pasteur died in 1895.

Joseph Lister the “founder of antiseptic medicine”. Lister’s process of antiseptic surgery was not simple to begin with, but then again which surgeries are? Lister's process may not have been simple, but it was much more efficient compared to the other surgeries that had been occurring in the late 1800’s. Lister’s discovery of how to keep the bacteria from infecting a person more after the wound was treated for and his complicated theory of taking care of it had become accepted worldwide, especially in Germany. Today methods are preventing infections in the given areas in many different ways then were originally given. For example, we now use antibiotics, penicillin, sulfa drugs, iodine, boric acid, and alcohol. None of which had been available in Lister's era.

Did you know he also created vaccines to help with Rabies, Small Pox, cholera, and Anthrax? He was a scientist that asked many questions, according to “The Life and Works of Louie Pasteur” by M. Schwartz “Fermentation and putrefaction were often perceived as being spontaneous phenomena. But what was Pasteur to make of the ferments and yeasts which he felt were essential in the unfolding of those processes? Where did they

Louis Pasteur was the man who led the fight against germs. He was the one solve one of the biggest question from 19th century biology and able to develop vaccines for chicken cholera, anthrax, and rabies. The vaccines he developed have protected millions of people lives today. The personal and family tragedy had framed his fight against illness because his two daughters died from typhoid-a disease caused by dirty food and water and a third daughter died from a tumor.

Louis Pasteur was a chemist whose research became the foundation for the science of microbiology. He started working with crystals after graduation and discovered that crystals that were thought to be identical were, in fact, symmetrical. They were mirror images of each other. This led to a hypothesis that two molecules that were identical might have atoms that were arranged differently. He questioned whether this asymmetry was a sign of life. He started doing experiments with fermentation in food and drink. At this time, other scientists thought that fermentation was spontaneous and just appeared, but his theory was that individual microorganisms had to come from some outside source. He showed that they could be cultivated and grown

Many individuals have made astounding contributions to society in the past 200 years; however, some of these contributions were so powerful, they effectively changed the future of our world. Louis Pasteur, born December 27th, 1822, in the town of Dole, Eastern France, is one of the most noteworthy individuals to live during the last 200 years. Responsible for a myriad of accomplishments ranging from the debunking of the infamous “spontaneous generation” theory to the method named after him today, pasteurization, Mr. Pasteur is responsible for bestowing upon us some of the modern day conveniences we enjoy daily. Before discussing his accomplishments, however, one should first look at his origins.