Low Back Pain Essay

Nerves from each segment of the spinal cord connect to specific regions of the body. The cervical region or neck are referred to as C1 through C8; they control signals to the neck, arms, and hands. The segments in thoracic or upper back region T1 through T12 relay signals to the torso and some parts of the arms. The segments in the upper lumbar or mid-back region just below the ribs, L1 through L5, control signals to the hips and legs. Last, the sacral segments S1 through S5 lie just below the lumbar segments in the mid-back and control signals to the groin, toes, and some parts of the legs. The effects of spinal cord injury at different segments reflect this organization.(SC-Basic Anatomy of Spine-http://www.goes.com/billr/html/_anatomy_of_a_spinal_cord.html)

Many people all around the world may come across symptoms of having scoliosis. Mostly girls from ages 10 to 16 get a curve of about 10 degrees. Scoliosis is the curvature of the spine and mostly occurs in adolescent years. Scoliosis may be identified during a physical examination by bending forward to see if your back is completely straight and if your shoulder blades are balanced. During my research process i found out that a lot of people at my school have scoliosis.

The spine is one of the most important structures in the human body. The spine is located in the dorsal cavity and consists of 24 bones, called vertebrae. These vertebrae play a crucial role in protected the body’s command center, the spinal cord. But what happens when a disorder prevents the spinal column from functioning correctly? Scoliosis is a musculoskeletal disorder that causes abnormal lateral curvature of the spine and it effects millions of people in the US per year. I have chosen this disorder because I am aspiring to become a chiropractor and scoliosis is a typical condition that chiropractors help treat on a daily basis.

What is pain? If you ask someone to tell you the definition of pain they will typically state something that hurts. Registered nurses should know the definition of pain and how it can be identified on their patients. However, Abdalrahim, Majali, Stomberg, and Bergbom (2010) propose that nurses did not receive adequate education in pain management and suggest the lack of knowledge hinders their ability to adequate control their patients’ pain. Therefore, the unethical treatment of pain can be traced back nurses.

This can be due to several causes such as fatigue, overuse, or improper muscle use. Muscle strains usually occur in the back in the lower back, neck, or shoulder (Healthline, 2015). The mid back, or thoracic back, is both a unique and complex anatomical structure. The complexity that makes the back so unique also predisposes the back to injury. Twelve vertebral bones comprise the thoracic spinal column, the ribs, muscles, tendons, nerves, discs, and blood vessels according to Martini (Martini et al, 2014). These tissues function to give support to the upper body while aiding in the movement of the upper body and arms. Vertebrae T1-T10 articulate with each rib in two locations, and restricts mobility of this area of the spine (Martini et al,

There are several assessment tools nurses use in in the field to assess geriatrics along with the rest of the population. Three most common assessment tools are, the pain scale, fall risk scale, and the depression scale.

Proper alignment of the neck and back is essential, left untreated, misalignment leads to decreased range of motion, and pain. Whether an individual

By becoming educated on the risk factors that cause back injuries, a majority of the general population can prevent agonizing and potentially disabling pain during their lifetimes. Back injuries can occur gradually over time as a result of trauma caused by repetitive activity or can result from a single traumatic event (Back). The signs and symptoms of a back injury may include pain when trying to assume a normal posture, decreased mobility, and pain when standing from a seated position (Back). Warning signs that should cause concern may include radiating pain down a leg, numbness or loss of sensation in a leg, weakness or loss of muscular strength in a leg, constant pain in the back or leg that is not affected by motion, pain in the

More and more people experience back problems. Often, the real culprit is a herniated disc. Herniated (-- removed HTML --) disc (-- removed HTML --) treatment Venice FL specialist would like people suffering with undue pain in their back to consider seeking out a specialist for more information. A herniated disk is a warning that something is wrong with the rubbery disk that are between the vertebra in the back. The vertebra are the individual bones that join together to make your spine. The spine disks resembles little jelly donuts. For example, the disks have a soft center with a tough exterior. A Herniated disk is a result of the soft center squeezing through a rip to the exterior.

Herniated discs are particularly brutal, due to their position directly behind the spinal cord. When a disc ruptures, the ‘jelly’ inside can spill out into the nerves. This results in severe pain that radiates through the back and sometimes down the legs, as in my case. For more than two years, it felt like I had a knife embedded in my lower back.

On examination of the lumbar spine, there is tenderness and guarding of the paraspinal musculature. Range of motion is decreased secondary to pain.

After review of the clinical information provided by NY Presbyterian Hospital-Columbia University, the Medical Director has denied your admission to NY Presbyterian Hospital-Columbia University. It was determined that the clinical information did not justify an inpatient stay. Acute inpatient hospitalization was not medically necessary. Medicare admit diagnosis hematemesis and Abdominal pain with past medical history of chronic low back pain related to Lumbar-5 disc bulge on frequent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, gastroesophageal reflux disease, prior gastritis, iron deficiency anemia. You are a 59 year old female who presented to the emergency room with a complaint of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting for 3 days prior to your hospital admission. You reported diffuse

The pathogenic mechanisms leading to the development of LBPP remain poorly understood. However, ongoing research is advancing the understanding on the pathophysiology and many explanations have been advocated. Studies suggest that low back pain is commonly caused by disorders of the vertebrae and intervertebral joints, back muscles and ligaments, and spinal mechanics (Porth, 2011). The lower back (lumbar) is made up of five vertebrae (L1-L5) containing fibro cartilaginous discs to prevent the vertebrae from colliding, and protecting the spinal cord. The spine is stabilised by the multifidous muscles and ligaments of the back and abdomen. Additionally, facet joints support and enable spinal movement (Hughes et al., 2012) (Salzberg, 2012). An intervertebral disc consists of a gelatinous core covered by a fibrous ring (Hughes et al., 2012). Normally, the blood vessels and nerves flows outside of the disc, however if the discs loses its ability to manage physical forces, it

The intervertebral discs of the spine are made of cartilaginous vertebral endplates, annulus fibrosus, and nucleus pulposus (Lotz, Hsieh, Walsh, Palmer, & Chin, 2002). Vertebral endplates are the top and bottom portions of the vertebral bodies that border with the vertebral discs. The annulus fibrosus made up of ligament fibers and forms the tough outer portion of the intervertebral disc. The annulus fibrosus securely joins the spinal vertebrae above and below the disc and surrounds the nucleus pulposus, which

The spine is softly stretched and depressurised during the hyper extension hence allowing blood to flow through the lower back muscles, this allows the spinal column to be filled with spinal