Low Methane Production

The fugacity coefficient of Methane at different temperatures and pressures was determined using direct calculation, Newton-Raphson method, Simpson’s method and weighing method. The fugacity coefficient is defined as the ratio of fugacity to pressure as shown below.

After performing with carbohydrates, we performed same steps by adding different pollutants. The amount of CO2 produced in this case is less.

11. The research that was conducted on the microbial communities also had a physiological profile done in a period of five days. The metabolic patterns were shown in a fast use of the several carbon sources

The purpose of this experiment was to observe combustion, oxidation-reaction, and catalyzed decomposition reactions as they work to create rockets that run on a fuel of the reaction H2+1/2O2→H2O2. Instead of being in partners, the partners were put into groups of 4 to create an experiment that tested rocket performance by manipulating a variable such as the order of the collection of gases or amounts of fuel. It was evident during the lab that the reaction of hydrochloric acid and mossy zinc [Zn (s) + 2 HCL (aq) → ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)] reacted much faster than the reaction with the yeast and hydrogen peroxide [2H2O2 (aq) →catalyze 2H2O (l) + O2 (g)]. Both reaction continuously produced gas just at different rates. It can be inferred that the reactivity of the stoichiometric reaction was higher relative to the catalytic reaction.

First, reduction of GHG, carbon capture and sequestration. Reduction of GHG is one of the most challenging tasks currently facing by the world scientists. Although a minor reduction process has been succeeded, but they were used synthetic chemicals, which are in fact not good for the environment. In consideration of this realism for protecting the future, my research will be focused to reduce GHG by developing new technologies on the biological mechanisms and without using any chemicals (Fig. ---). As I mentioned above (patent pending), I have already succeeded to reduce GHG up to 12%. In this long term project, I have targeted to clean the air 90% by reducing the harmful anthropogenic GHGs as necessary. In this aspect, Carbon capture and sequestration is a very potent technique. Following this approach, carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon will be processed for a long-term storage. This process will be focused to capture CO2 by mimicking nature’s process for hardening tissues in living organisms. This is a similar biological process of corals and other calcifying organisms (ref--). However, here I would use a newly discovered group of microbes (described in the patent). In this technique, CO2 will be used as a potential beneficial material to produce highly useful products such as beneficial mineral for human health (fig--, showing some crystals). In addition, some natural material (following the patent Aqua-NOF-GHG with

For ruminant animals such as cow and carabao, it is widely established that the formation of methane results in a loss of energy available for the host. Thus, a highly dense and diverse methanogen community as observed in fecal samples may also suggest an energy loss, which may consequently affect energy metabolism and body fat mass formation. Methanogens of the ruminants such as cow and carabao can be found in the gut. The bacteria found in the rumen of these ruminants are Methanobrevibacter ruminantium and Methanomicrobium mobile. The importance of this methanogens in the atmosphere is responsible for CH4 (Methane) found in the marsh. In wetlands, the methane are generated and called marsh gas. In marshes, the bacteria found include: Methanosarcina

Methane (CH4) is one of the simplest forms of hydrocarbons and is found in abundance worldwide through the form of natural gas

Methane production from hydrogen and ethanol effluent was conducted. The effect of effluent concentration and trace element addition was investigated. All of experiment was done in triplicate using serum bottle. The serum bottle was cap with rubber stopper and aluminum cap then flushed with N2 gas to create anaerobic conditions, and placed in an incubator at the room temperature. During the incubation period, gaseous and liquid samples were taken and

Results from this experiment showed that methane production rates were different for each substrate used. Methane production was higher and faster in cultures using acetate as a substrate than cultures using methanol. At the same initial concentration of methanol or acetate, 20 mmol/medium of methane was produced in just three days if using acetate, while if using methanol, methane production

Purification of methane is straightforward and manageable when it is in a liquid state, which purifies to be 98% methane, compared to past purification methods that only go up to 95%.

This research was performed to study the effects of metals supplementations on methanogenesis in mixed culture

However, with the additional fructose, it was hypothesized to cause a faster rate of fermentation of the yeast, yet the standard protocol with fructose was shown to be significantly faster with a rate of 0.3 while fructose was 0.00001. However, the results do agree with the background information found since it has been hypothesized that the yeast may be destroyed by the toxicity because fructose decreased the tolerance for ethanol in yeast (Francisco Javier De la Torre-Gonzalez Jose). It also supports the experiment performed by Zinnai, Venturi and others, they found that metabolization of glucose is preferred over fructose (Zinnai, Venturi, Sanmartin, Quartacci, & Andrich, 2013). Our results adds onto previous experiments and supports their findings which lead the conclusions found one step closer to being defined and completely explained since it is important to do further research after only one experiment to ensure that it is accurate and precise. Nonetheless, both experiments do support the conclusion that yeast concentration is positively correlation with production of CO2 since even though with fructose, the rate was significantly slower, it was still

Yeast fermentation is a process that produces carbon dioxide and ethanol from the mixture of yeast, sugar, and water. It is a process of anaerobic respiration since yeast does not need oxygen to create energy. It is a widely-used experiment performed to measure the amount of carbon dioxide produced from different yeast and sugar mixtures (Grammer, 2012). Biofuels are fuels that are heated to a specific temperature to create energy. For example, if you heat up oxygen, the product will be energy, carbon dioxide, and water. Biofuels are important because they will be used in place of fossil fuels to cause less pollution to the environment (Kim K, Choi I, Kim H, Wi S, Bae H, 2014). The use of biofuels will increase over the next few years because they are much safer than fossil fuels (Kim K, Choi I, Kim H, Wi S, Bae H, 2014).

It is common in the field of microbiology for scientist to need to quantify bacteria. A way to do this is via the production of CO2. Carbon dioxide can be produced as a byproduct of cells performing regular respiration and decomposition activities. For microbes to live and grow successfully they need an adequate source of carbon. The microbes can either produce this source themselves making them autotrophic or receive the carbon from and outside source making them heterotrophic. Without a proper carbon source microbes like bacteria would not be able to function properly and produce several vital components for life including lipids, DNA, sugar, and proteins. All carbon sources are not created equally, not all of them can be used in the same chemical pathway. Glycolysis requires the use of glucose whereas the citric acid cycle can use citrate directly. Lactose is an extremely complex sugar and must be broken down a number of times before it is usable in the process of glycolysis. Succinate and acetate just like citrate can enter directly in to the citric acid cycle or it can also be converted into Acetyl-CoA. Due to the nature of these cycles and how the carbon gets broken down some carbon sources are naturally better than others. Glucose is the best theoretical source with the ability to produce around four CO2 molecules. The second best would be lactose that could produce the same amount of carbon dioxide but at a slower rate. This is followed by citrate which

The Effects of pH on the Production of Carbon Dioxide through Yeast Fermentation of Glucose