Tranvik, Mark D. 1992. "Jacob Andreae's defense of the Lutheran doctrine of baptism at Montbeliard." Lutheran Quarterly 6, no. 4: 425-437. ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials, EBSCOhost (accessed March 4, 2018). “Jacob Andreae’s Defense of the Lutheran Doctrine of Baptism at Montbeliard” is an article that examines Jacob Andreae’s defense on of the Lutheran doctrine of baptism. Andreae was one of the writers of the Formula of Concord and a leader of the Lutheran Reformation. The conflict of baptism between the Lutherans and the Reformed Calvinist, was sparse and are not well known. Conflict in the sixteenth century was often seen over the Lord’s Supper. The dispute over baptism took place during the late sixteenth-century gathering …show more content…
Andreae believes that the Holy Spirit works through the water to produce regeneration. Beza objects this teaching and suggests that there is a hidden power in the water. Beza defends his position that baptism is an external and internal cleansing by Christ for the elect. The elect is those who truly believe and are elected to eternal life. Andreae perceives this as two baptisms, resulting in the separation of the visible and invisible in baptism. The Lutheran Confessions ensure that the Holy Spirit is given to those who are baptized. This is further expanded on in Luther’s Large Catechism. It is through Gods Word that the Holy Spirt comes and lives in us. Andreae argued that infants have the ability to believe. He proves his point by referring to John leaping in Elizabeth’s womb. The Lutheran Confessions align with Andreae. Baptism is necessary for salvation. Acts 2:28-29 states that everyone is to repent and be baptized. The promise of salvation is for all people, including infants. God commands us to baptize all nations. This article added to my understanding of the Lutheran doctrine and the Lutheran Confession by arguing about baptism from a Lutheran point of view. The in depth argument on the Lutheran theology of baptism in comparison to the Reformed, helped me to fully understand why I believe what I believe. This allowed me to see the clear difference between the Lutheran Confessions Theology of baptism and the Reformed Calvinist. The Lutheran Confessions are filled with God’s Word and commands that we are to abide
The ceremony of the Lord’s Supper at Marburg in 1529 triggered numerous heartless debates amongst two protagonists Luther and Zwingli. Throughout the Reformation era, debates played an important role, as they were a main mechanism in familiarizing the Reformation into countless towns. Debates were a means of resolving differences amongst like-minded Protestant groups. Landgrave Philip of Hesse had summoned the Hessian Chancellor Feige to send for both Luther and Zwingli for the express and urgent purpose of settling their dispute over the Lord’s Supper. Therefore, the purpose of this debate was to solve the dispute over how Luther and Zwingli saw the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper.
Additionally, Davis’s monograph explores detailed information regarding the shift of many people at the time from Catholicism to Protestantism, which is extremely important to the
In A Separate Peace by John Knowles there are several scenes of characters being baptized. When Gene jumps from the tree into the river at Finny’s command it is a scene of baptism. Gene is reluctant to jump, but at Finny’s order he does. Gene then goes on to deny that he was ever shamed into jumping and that he did it all on his own. Baptism is seen as the introduction into a new community, such as a church, but in this case it is Gene’s welcome into his friendship with Finny.
Discuss the political and social consequences of the Protestant Reformation in the first half of the sixteenth century.
Centuries ago, the Bible was written when God gave his only son who died on the cross for our sins. “Our” is standing for everyone in the world that God calls his children. Jesus Christ died on the cross with active and passive obedience. This means Jesus actively kept Gods Law for us, which we live by today. Jesus passively took away all of our sins, he died on the cross to take them away and we receive righteousness. Even if we are un-deserving, when Jesus died on the cross for everyone, it gives everyone the opportunity to have everlasting life with God. Baptism is one of the few things that God asks of everyone. The purpose of Baptism is to cleanse your sins and you will be forgiven. With the blessing of God, the Holy Water cleanses the person’s sins and they are given everlasting life.
This made me very uneasy; for I had now some faint idea of a future state; accordingly I communicated my anxiety to the eldest Miss Guerin, with whom I was become a favourite, and pressed her to have me baptized; when to my great joy she told me I should. She had formerly asked my master to let me be baptized, but he had refused; however she now insisted on it; and on being under some obligation to her brother complied with her request; so I was baptized in St. Margaret's chuch, Westminster in February 1759. (Equiano, 93)
Ultimately, when an individual responds to their baptismal call, a community of Christian believers are united under the goal of guiding the initiated. Thus, this attained unity allows the faith to prosper like a living religion. Furthermore, re-birth from sin is intrinsically connected to the death and resurrection of Jesus. This is a fundamental belief throughout Christianity, though it is practiced differently. “Baptism is the sacrament of regeneration through water in the word.” (CCC, 1213). Regardless of the denomination, all baptism rituals symbolise beliefs in the Christian faith, all involves water. Some denominations, like Lutheran practice the sprinkling of water over the head of an initiate, while Pentecostals, practice immersing the head of the initiate in the water. Thus a reminder that, “Lord forgave you, so you must forgive others.”, for individuals who have been initiated that they made a commitment to the teachings, practices and life of of the community. The baptised should live a life of faith as modelled on the example of Jesus, who forgave their sin. The last belief derived from Baptism, is the believed in the Trinity. Through the guidance and support of the Holy Spirit, an individual's is able to carry out God’s word, and evangelise and spread the message of Jesus. “One will come more powerful that I, and he
12. ’98 Compare and contrast the Lutheran Reformation and the Catholic Reformation of the sixteenth century regarding the reform of both religious doctrines and religious practices.
The elements of this practice equip the individual to perform this ritual in a successful manner and allow adherents to be disciples of the Lord in the Christian community. The use of water signifies the spiritual cleansing of the individual and reflects the discussion of rebirth through water in the Gospel of John - “Very truly I tell you, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of water” (3:5). The use of water also unifies the individual with the ministry of Christ as we take part in the same ceremony as him. The bible highlights the eternal connection established with the Christian community as the word stresses the importance of this practice. Furthermore, the white garment symbolises the pure and virtuous nature of this ritual and signifies the releasing from the chains of sin and being reborn into a new life with Christ. Pope Francis’ statement that the “people of God have become missionary disciples” highlights the communal aspect of baptism and its contribution to Christianity as a living tradition as it is the individuals moral duty to baptise non-believers and unite them with the Christian community. The Gospel of John reinforces this obligation and the importance of baptism for the individual and the community as a whole in “Go and make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit” (Mttw
Religion in the Middle Ages takes on a character all of its own as it is lived out differently in the lives of medieval men and women spanning from ordinary laity to vehement devotees. Though it is difficult to identify what the average faith consists of in the Middle Ages, the life told of a radical devotee in The Book of Margery Kempe provides insight to the highly intense version of medieval paths of approaching Christ. Another medieval religious text, The Cloud of Unknowing, provides a record of approaching the same Christ. I will explore the consistencies and inconsistencies of both ways to approach Christ and religious fulfillment during the Middle Ages combined with the motivations to do so on the basis of both texts.
Gonzalez, Justo L. The Story of Christianity, Volume I: The Early Church to the Dawn of the Reformation. Second Edi. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2010.
The Roman Catholic Church dominated religion for many years in Europe and became an extremely powerful institution. Over the years, the Roman church became corrupt and immoral in many ways. The development of the Protestant Reformation, Lutheranism, was greatly influenced by political events in the years proceeding the 16th century. The declared aim of the original reformer, Martin Luther, was to restore the Christian faith as it had been at its formation, while salvaging what he considered valuable from the Roman Catholic tradition that had developed during the previous centuries. Luther broke the unity of the Catholic Church forever by exposing their faults and misguided notions. Lutheranism spread quickly due to
The intent of this paper is to evaluate the distinct character and quality of the expressions of the Protestant Reformation. This paper will discuss Lutheran Reformation, The Anabaptist, and The English Puritans as well as the Catholic Reformation also known as the Counter Reformation. It is the hope that after the reader has had the opportunity to view each of the characteristics and the expressions of each of the reformation the reader will have a better understanding of each and will be able to articulate the differences of each.
Infant Baptism is a manmade tradition, within a misrepresentation of justification and sanctification, where water can purify one’s soul for eternity without the admission or acceptance of Christ Jesus as God. Even Spurgeon “quoted from the Catechism of the Church of England, proving that the church teaches that it is through infant baptism the infant is made a member of Christ, a child of God, and an inheritor of the kingdom of heaven. He quoted from the liturgy of the ceremony itself to further prove that the church did indeed teach that children are regenerated though baptism.” “Spurgeon also pointed out that no outward ceremony can save anyone. This can be easily proven by the facts: thousands who were baptized as infants have lived wanton, godless lives, proving that they were never children of God. Nor does the Bible teach that someone else can have faith for another; parents cannot
THE BAPTISM OF THE HOLY SPIRIT: OUR FRIEND, COMFORTER, TEACHER, AND PART OF THE TRINITY