MERS-COV Infection Lab Report

The respiratory syncytial pathogen is a non-segmented negative -sense single stranded RNA virus that falls under the paramyxoviridae family. The virus is comprised of 10 genes the encode 11 proteins and is divided into two subtypes A and B, which further divide into multiple genotypes. Genetic studies have tried

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a severe acute respiratory illness caused by the coronavirus named MERS-CoV. It is believed that the virus is found in camels and passed on to humans who are in contact or around infected animal. These camels are mainly located in Egypt, Oman, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia (WHO, 2015a). Those infected with MERS exhibit fever, cough, and shortness of breath, pneumonia, and diarrhea. Severe cases require patient to be put on mechanical ventilation or in an intensive care unit. It is also known to cause kidney failure and septic shock. The elderly, persons who are immunosuppressed, those who

In September of 2012, beginning in the country of Saudi Arabia, hospitals began seeing increased cases of a respiratory virus never before seen in humans. They named it Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, or MERS. MERS is a viral respiratory illness caused by the coronavirus. It was originally thought to have started there in Saudi Arabia. It was not until later that they were able to trace the origin back to Jordan starting in April of 2012. All outbreaks of MERS have been traced back to originating from the Arabian Peninsula (CDC, 2015a). Unfortunately, it is not known exactly how MERS was contracted in humans, but it is believed to have come from an animal source, probably from camels. Strains of MERS

Upon obtaining the unknown organism, it was important to make a streak plate of the bacteria on TSA. The purpose of doing so ensures that we have pure cultures of the unknown to be used in further testing and not a mixed culture. The first test used was a gram stain. It is a differential stain that helps distinguish between gram-positive and gram-negative

viruses, and Herpes simplex viruses” (2). The primary virus used in gene therapy is the “adenoassociated

Real time RT-PCR and other molecular tests can also be an effective diagnostic tools. The molecular tests detect viral genetic material in respiratory system with swab samples collected from the throat and nasal cavity to correctly identify the infection.

PCR finds the DNA of the HSV virus, and can also tell if it’s type 1 or 2.

Problem: An unknown bacteria in test tube #13 needs to be identified out of the list of bacteria provided as possible. Hypothesis: If different tests were carried out to identify the bacteria’s characteristics, then the bacteria could be identified, because a dichotomous key can be used to eliminate all other bacteria in the list Procedure: 1. Obtain an inoculating loop, Bunsen burner, test tube #13 and a test tube rack. 2.

These vectors become infected via blood meals from an infected host which includes, but is not limited to, ground squirrels, wild mice, wood rats, marmots, deer, coyotes, and sheep. Most human cases occur between the months of March and September, with April through July being the peak months. The virus can be transmitted from person-to-person through blood transfusions and mother-to-infant in pregnant women. Laboratory transmission cases have also been reported. Extended viremia observed in both humans and rodents is attributed to the virus situating itself within red blood cells, which enables the viral particles to evade an immediate immune response. In the United States this virus is included on the list of agents screened prior to bone marrow

Flavivirus is a group of single-stranded RNA viruses in Flaviviridae family that are causative agents of public health diseases such as Murray Valley encephalitis and West Nile fever. Since 1917, arboviral encephalitis has some sporadic occurrences in south-eastern Australia due to heavy rainfall following by widespread flooding that caused to enhance the population of water birds and mosquito vectors (Doherty, 1977). MVEV was first found and isolated from the passed away encephalitis patients in 1951 around Murray Valley. It was called ‘Australian encephalitis’ at the time, which covered WNV/KUNV and other flaviviruses infection (Anderson, 1954). However, the investigation later suggested that these viruses are causing different diseases (Doherty

Overall, ELISA is a good serological method in immunodiagnostics, especially for less developed communities due to its cost and efficiency. However, it does come with limitations, mainly due to the economic status of the geographical areas of infection and the infections the individuals are commonly exposed to. As well as the effect that multiple infections can have on the sensitivity and specificity of

The Toll gene was first discovered in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, but has close homologues in mammalian

The MERs-CoV pathogen is an enveloped RNA virus that is a genus of the Betacoronavirus which is a subtype of the coronavirinae family.6 The coronavirus gets its name from the spikes on its surface that gives it a crown or halo type

MERS-CoV is a respiratory disease that was first found in Saudi Arabia in 2012. This virus can cause people to get diseases such as the common cold to a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).

Figure 1 : Please note : by accident we added HSV-2 to tube 1 instead of HSV-1 but later we modified the PCR machine as the new order.