MIH: A Genetic Disorder

Ischaemic heart disease is one of the most commonly encountered systemic diseases in dental practice in the general population. Ischemic heart disease is characterized by a reduction (partial or total) in coronary blood flow. In 90% of all cases this occurs following thrombus formation secondary to an atheroma plaque that occludes the arterial lumen, though other factors such as cold, physical exercise or stress can act as co adjuvant factors or (less frequently) trigger the event themselves. Angina and myocardial infarction are included in ischaemic heart disease2.

At the initial visit the patient’s plaque index was 43% and the plaque score was 55%. The most amount of plaque was present in the posterior regions in both the maxillary and mandibular quadrants. The anterior teeth suffered from a fair amount of attrition. Plaque was being retained in the grooves and pits of the damaged teeth. The patient also had slight interproximal plaque. Number 18 was chipped measially and was missing half of the large amalgam restoration. It had the most biofilm build up covering almost every aspect of the tooth, including the inside portion, which was exposed to oral cavity. When asked why she felt this was a problem area for her she responded that food constantly gets trapped inside and it’s painful, it hurts to brush. A large interproximal lesion on number 8 adjacent to porcelain fused to metal crown retained a considerable amount of biofilm also. The large and old amalgam restorations posteriorly were wearing away at the margins creating grooves and fissures on the occlusal surfaces also retaining plaque. I asked her if she felt like her diet or habits may be contributing to any oral pain or problems she is having. She answered honestly by saying she knows she harming not only her teeth but also her body. She wants to eat better and quit smoking, but she still gets pleasure when indulging and just isn’t ready to give up things she loves yet. She did agree to try and change some of her oral hygiene

However, such a relationship need to consider that only part (if any) of the observed effect may be due to ageing related processes, with the remainder of the effect being due to period effect 79. The data were collected from the routine dental examinations conducted by uncalibrated dentists and dental therapists working within the school dental service of each State and Territory of Australia. Where the methodology followed that of WHO recommendation in which dmft and DMFT indices are used, dmft is the sum of deciduous teeth that are decayed, missing due to caries, or filled due to caries. The DMFT measure is the corresponding index for permanent teeth. In order to consider the tooth decayed the caries lesion need be detected at the dentinal level 80. The deciduous carious experience dmft at age 5 years was a mean of 1.80. There was a slight increase across age groups until the peak at 8 years (dmf~2.21) that can be attributed to the exfoliation of deciduous molars due to caries. While the permanent caries experiences at age 5 was barely noticeable. The mean DMFT increased across age groups to a mean of 1.10 by the age of 12 years which can be illustrated better in figure 6 79.

I decided to use oraqix because the patient had a few pockets depths between 6-7 mm, and was very sensitive during the power instrumentation. It helped me to effectively remove the plaque and the calculus from the pockets with the hand instruments, but I found that it was not as effective when I used the Cavitron. After the removal of plaque and calculus I reviewed OHI with my patient Evelyn and reinforced the proper use of dental floss and have the patient practice in her mouth. During the afternoon section, I worked on the mandibular arch and as before I started with the power instrumentation. However, I was not able to use it in all the mandibular teeth because some of them had recession, and the patient was extra-sensitive. The good thing was the mandibular arch had only one area with 6-7 mm of pocket depth. I also used Oraqix in this area, but did not help with the recession because the pain was related to the pulp and not to the gingiva, in where Oraqix works. After finishing with debridement, my patient expressed having pain on the distal surface of tooth # 17. We decided to take a PA of the area because that part of the tooth was not visible in the HBW I

Reversal of the normal relationship of upper teeth, which only interfere normal function to a minor degree (less than 2mm).

The extreme and very extensive dental decay often need treatment under general anaesthetic in hospital which is most frequent reason for children under the age of 15 years (Department of Health, Government of South Australia 2012). Among all age groups, the highest average number of teeth with untreated decay is aged 6 children with dmf-t 1.12, while the lowest is children aged 10 with dmf-t 0.51 (Ha, Amarasena & Crocombe,

Another study discussed socioeconomic inequalities and the link between hypertension and missing teeth in the edentulous patient. The article states that due to the low quality of dental care available, an increase in missing teeth caused by periodontal disease and poor food choices is inevitable. Chronic oral infections caused by periodontal disease and inflammatory markers may lead to the onset of hypertension and stroke, however a connection could not be established. *

Enamel Matrix Proteins in the Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Patients With Aggressive and Chronic

Certain conditions, such as improper oral hygiene, smoking, and using your teeth as tools to open bottles or bite fingernails, can affect your

If decay in primary teeth is not addressed in a timely fashion, not only will it affect the children’s ability to chew and speak but it can also have a significant impact on the permanent teeth as well. Once a tooth has a cavity in it, that bacteria will spread to the neighboring teeth. If bacteria migrates below the gingiva, an abscess could occur which will delay or prevent the permanent teeth from erupting. An abscess will cause a lot of pain to the children and the affected tooth can be

Terri Fava is a 46 yrs. Old woman, married with three kids. She is in good health, she has been diagnosis with high blood pressure and GERD. Terri high blood pressure is controlled by medication. Dental history is on good standards, but teeth are sensitive to hot and cold. Terri plaque score started at 75% and decrease to 25% during her visit with the clinic. What was noted during Terri’s appointment heavy tenacious calculus and root exposure. Her interdental papilla slightly inflamed. Terri has a habit of coffee drinking with creamer and sugar, along with having sweet tea and Pepsi. Her caries risk assessment indicated that Terri range from low to moderate. Terri is a good candidate for nutritional counseling because her oral mucosa has

Congenitally missing teeth is one of the most common dental developmental anomaly in human beings. It was described in many terms according to the number of missing teeth or due to the etiology. These terms include: Hypodontia, oligodontia, anodontia, agenesis of teeth. The term hypodontia is the most common used , even so it does not describe the cause of the missing teeth so it is preferable to point to congenitally missing teeth or agenesis of teeth as it clearly shows that it is developmentally (1).

There is now evidence to indicate; however, that the incidence of jaw lesions is proportionately far greater than this study would indicate. It is now recognized that some

There are teeth with questionable or suspicious occlusal surfaces, in which we can notice that there have been changes from the clear sound fissures even without loss of surface and it is dubious to decide whether or not it should be treated as it could be an incipient but not cavitated fissure. A stained fissure means a fissure that is discoloured, brown or black, even an area of white or opaque enamel where its normal translucidency is lost but it has no evidence of surface breakdown (cavitation). Discoloured fissures does not necessary indicate an active caries process and they may represent sounds surfaces (where the discolouration descends from organic material trapped in the fissure) or non-cavitated caries lesions (where the demineralised enamel has been stained and possibly arrested).

The oral examinations were performed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. At the baseline examination, personal information of the subjects was recorded in a specially prepared pro-forma. The children were examined on a chair by the investigator under natural light using mouth mirror and explorer/probe. Reducion in PlI score was considered as the primary outcome and difference in GI scores between four groups was the secondary outcome. At each intraoral examination, presence of plaque and gingivitis was determined using the criteria suggested by Loe H.17 PlI and GI scores were recorded on all surfaces (mesial, distal, buccal, palatal/lingual) of all the teeth. The scores from the four areas of the tooth were added and divided by four to give the PlI/GI for the tooth. PlI and GI for the individual is obtained by adding the indices for the teeth and dividing by the number of teeth examined.