MRSA: Methicillin-Resistant Pathogens

Antibiotic resistance is a phenomenon in which germs evolve to be able to resist the action of drugs. This causes illnesses that were once easily curable with antibiotics to become dangerous infections, requiring alternative medications or higher doses. With millions of deaths increasing every year, antibiotic resistance has become one of the world's most pressing public health problems. This essay will explain the key causes of the emergence of resistant bacteria, including antibiotic misuse, inappropriate prescribing and availability of few new antibiotics, and outline relevant effects of antibiotic resistance.

Modern-day advances have allowed scientists to develop methods to control pathogens. The more common methods include the use of antiseptics, antibiotics, and vaccines. By definition, antiseptics are chemicals used to kill pathogens. A few widespread antiseptics include soap, vinegar, and rubbing alcohol. Antiseptics are primarily used for the external destruction of pathogens, while antibiotics and vaccines target internal pathogens. Nevertheless, there are and can be difficulties concerning the use of antibiotics. “As antibiotic use has become more common, antibiotic-resistant bacteria have evolved.” This resistance due to evolution is called antibiotic resistance. It results in the antibiotics having no effect whatsoever on the bacteria, rendering the antibiotics useless. When antibiotic resistance occurs, scientists must resume their search to create a new medicine to can kill the mutant bacteria.

The reason this disease has been able to infect more and more people over time is because MRSA is a strain of staph that has become resistant to certain antibiotics that would normally be used to treat normal staph infections.

The article “The End of Antibiotics” discusses a 57 year old man that was dying and how doctors could only sit by while his condition deteriorated. This man was not shot or stabbed, he was infected with antibiotic resistant bacteria that was slowly killing him. He died months later after being bombarded with antibiotics in the form of capsules, tablets, and IVs (Begley par.1). This is the unsettling power that superbugs like this one has over modern day medicine. A superbug is a bacteria that has evolved its cellular structure to resist antibiotics. Dr. Richard Wenzel of the University of Iowa stated, “Only a few years after penicillin came into wide use with World War II, strains of staph had emerged

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is caused by a type of staph bacteria that's become resistant to many of the antibiotics used to treat ordinary staph infections. This can allow the infections to spread and sometimes become life-threatening. MRSA infections may affect your bloodstream, lungs, heart, bones, and joints. Most MRSA infections occur in people who've been in hospitals or other health care settings, such as nursing homes and dialysis centers. When it occurs in these settings, it's known as health care-associated MRSA. HA-MRSA infections typically are associated with invasive procedures or devices, such as surgeries, intravenous tubing or artificial joints. Another type of MRSA infection has occurred in

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus also referred to as MRSA is a type bacterium that becomes immune to many antibiotics used to treat even the most common infection. MRSA has become an issue in hospitals around the globe as it is known to constanly change over time. Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus (MRSA) usually occurs in day care home, hospitals and other related health care facilities. It was reported that in 2005 the majority of all infection related cases came from an antibiotic-resistant bacterium, resulting in a high rate of death (Tacconelli, et al 2007). In 1961 (Enright, et al 2002) methicillin-resistant staphylococcus (MRSA) was first discovered in the United Kingdom and later made its way to Asia and after to the United States.

Human civilizations have existed for thousands of years but with the existence of these civilizations diseases were right there with them. Even before great civilizations emerged, such as the Greeks and Romans, diseases have been around preying on animals and villages. When a civilization emerges it means that people have come together and built a society. These societies allow for diseases to spread easily because of unsanitary conditions and people being in close contact with each other on a normal basis. But in the past few decades science has allowed us to find cures or treatments for most diseases out there, yet there are still diseases that everyone knows about going around causing the deaths of thousands of people every year. This

Another difficulty of why MRSA is a problem because of the environmental effects of treatment resistance. An example of the environmental effects of treatment resistance is when Journal of the American Academy of Physicians Assistants says, the bacteria may become immune to antibacterial products used in hospitals. Patients in a hospital for a long period of time may be exposed to the bacteria. Anything involving cutting human skin or placing a device into a body can make them susceptible to MRSA infection. If one shares a room with another patient with MRSA infection, he will most likely become infected (2010). This means that when you go to a hospital and stay there for a long time, you have a higher risk of getting MRSA. This shows the

The main hospital strains are already partially or fully resistant to the effects of commonly used antibiotics. Resistance is also emerging to last resort drugs like vancomycin. The more virulent community strains of MRSA are infiltrating hospitals while the more resistant hospital strain is leaking into the community. The history of MRSA as described in Superbug shows how quickly bacteria can evolve when we add a strong selective force like antibiotics. Around the world, species of bacteria are becoming “superbugs” that are resistant to conventional treatments. Pharmaceutical companies are cutting research on new antibiotics in favor of more profitable investments. We are quickly running out of options for treating multi-drug resistant bacteria. As we move toward a “post-antibiotic” world, there are valuable lessons to be found in the history of MRSA, one of the first superbugs. Students in Emerging Diseases should read Superbug to learn about the complex emergence of

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MSRA), is a bacterium that cause infection in different parts of the body. What caused MSRA is a bacteria called staph. Staph is bacteria that lives in our bodies. Many people actually carry staph in their noses, but are not infected by it. Staph can be an issues if it manages to get into the skin, often by a cut. Staph is one of the most common caused of skin disease and can have serious cause of infected wounds.

Step ONE: There are several diseases that will put a healthcare provider at risk. Healthcare providers are often worried of getting dirty needle sticks and contracting a disease such as Hepatitis or HIV. Not only are Health care providers are being precautious towards dirty needle sticks, but are also precautious towards staph bacteria such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Patients who have MRSA are resistant to different antibiotics in which cause health problems. MRSA affects healthcare providers and anyone who comes in direct contact with the infected person or anyone who touches items with the bacteria that causes staph. It is mainly a skin infection but it could also affect the lungs, blood, heart, bones or joints.

The problem is that antibiotics resistance has become a very big problem in todays society. Antibiotics are no longer effective against certain super-bugs such as MRSA.

MRSA is a bacterium and a type of Staphylococcus that causes infections and is resistant to certain antibiotics including methicillin, Oxacillin and Amoxicillin. Staphylococcus aureus are common germs, frequently carried on skin or in noses of healthy people.Plenty of healthy people carry staph without being infected by it. In fact, one third of the population has staph bacteria in their noses.MRSA is usually spread by direct contact with an infected wound or from contaminated hands, usually those of healthcare providers. Healthcare providers should adhere to the 5 moments of hand hygiene to limit the spread of infection. Also, people who carry MRSA but do not have signs of infection can spread the bacteria to others.

MRSA is short for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and can be potentially fatal due to the fact they are not responsive to main antibiotics. S. aureus is a bacterium and not a virus and the most pathogenic of the staphylococci. This infection is one of the first found to be resistant to strong antibiotics. Bacteria are unicellular microorganism, while a virus is a sub-microscopic particle that infects the cells of an organism causing serious skin infectious boils. This superbug is major health concern for the public. This paper will shed some light on the major symptoms MRSA presents, how it spreads, how to prevent it from spreading, and treatments.

Take for example MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), a S. aureus strain that was discovered in 1961 to be resistant to the antibiotic methicillin. Webmd indicates that MRSA has now grown its resistance from methicillin to “amoxicillin, penicillin, oxacillin and many other common antibiotics” (MRSA). This increase in resistance of a methicillin-resistant strain of S. aureus can be attributed to the increasing use and overuse of antibiotics, not only in the doctor’s office but also in agriculture. MRSA is only one of many antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria. New resistant strains are evolving rapidly. According to Dr. Ed Warren, “there are high levels of antibiotic resistance in bacteria causing common infections (e.g. urinary tract infections, pneumonia, bloodstream infections) in all regions of the world” (21).