Do humans have free will or are they influenced by greater forces beyond their control? In these three works, Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, Macbeth by William Shakespeare, and Censors by Luisa Valenzuela the subject of free will is addressed. Oedipus in the play by Sophocles tries to run away from fate, instead, he ends up being doomed. Macbeth in the play by William Shakespeare gets manipulated by the prophecy, then sacrifices values and free will for his ambition. In the short story by Luisa Valenzuela, Juan tries to flout the policy by getting a job as a censor so he could intercept his own mail, which results in him being executed. These characters portray how free will is quixotic and how their fate is irreversible. Through Juan, …show more content…
In the beginning of the play Macbeth had morals. He shows his loyalty to the king by defeating the traitors, but he ultimately gets manipulated after he encounters the three witches. The witches prophecy foretells that Macbeth will become Thane of Cawdor, and subsequently king. When the king crowns him as Thane of Cawdor he gets these illusion where he will become future king. From then he starts to lose his morals and grow his ambition for kingship. Macbeth and lady Macbeth kills the king during his visit. This shows how Macbeth is greatly influenced by the witches prophecy, and how he is not acting upon his free will. The witches in the play represent the greater forces as for they are supernatural beings that manipulates Macbeth. Since Banquo also received the prophecy with him, Macbeth fears that Banquo suspects that he is behind the murder of the king. He finds Banquo as a threat, therefore he hires three murders to kill him. Macbeth and Banquo were friends but since Macbeth can only trust himself, he cared less and killed him. It was his ambition for power that compelled him to kill Banquo. As his ambition grew he went to visit the witches for advice as king. The witches summons three apparitions, the first apparition warns him, “Macbeth! Macbeth! Macbeth! Beware Macduff!” (IV.I. ll 81). The quote warns Macbeth about Macduff. Lennox delivers a message to Macbeth about Macduff fleeing to England. Macbeth takes this chance and orders murderous to go to Macduff’s castle and kill his family. This cluster show how Macbeth is still convinced that the prophecy is true, thus he just follows and do what he has been warned. He would not have killed Macduff’s family if he had not been warned about Macduff. Even after Macbeth becomes king he continues to be influenced by the witches prophecy, which shows that he does not have free will because his actions are
Is one’s life dominated by fate or free will? Perhaps one’s future has been predetermined by some external force or perhaps one has the choice to pave their future. These ideas are further explored in the the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe and the play Macbeth by Shakespeare. Things Fall Apart is about a man named Okonkwo’s struggle between the changes that arise with the arrival of white missionaries in the villages of his home in Nigeria, the conflicts that arise between the arrival of the white men and Okonkwo questions whether his tragic death was due to fate or free will. Macbeth is about protagonist Macbeth whose ambition drives him to kill the king of Scotland to become king. The consequences of killing the king lead to
up being driven mad by the guilt and she ends up taking her own life
Fate vs Free Will is one of the most oft used literary techniques in writing. It is never more evident than in Shakespeare’s play Macbeth. The major theme of the story Macbeth is whether or not the story is fueled by the free will of Macbeth, or by his fate. Are the events in Macbeth a result of his mentality and outlook on life, or were they going to happen no matter what? Almost every major event that takes place can be traced back to this question. It can be viewed in different ways, and most people have their own opinions. Dissecting this question is a part of what makes teaching Macbeth still have so much value to this day. But there is a clear answer to this question upon further dissection. The story of Macbeth is fueled by his free
Destiny "Destiny is not a matter of chance, it is a matter of choice; it is not a thing to be waited for, it is a thing to be achieved." (William Jennings Bryan) Are we in control of our own destiny, our own fate, or are our lives really already planned and mapped out for us? Does Macbeth willfully choose evil in order to achieve his "destiny"? Or, is his "destiny" doomed by the witches' prophecies? Macbeth may not have made any of his same choices, if the three Weird sisters hadn't come to him. In Shakespeare's play Macbeth, Macbeth is no pawn of fate. Although Macbeth was destined to become king, the path he chose to take to achieve his aspiration of obtaining the throne was of his own free
In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, there is a question as to whether or not Macbeth is driven by fate or free will. The three weird sisters approach Macbeth with prophecies that will all come true in the end. It would appear that Macbeth is just following destiny at first. However, Macbeth always had a choice throughout the play to choose his own fate. Macbeth journeyed to his murderous doom through his own free choice.
In many stories fate is said to determine the paths that people lead in their lives. However, even though some events can seem like fate to the people experiencing them, these people always made their own decisions that led to them. Although some of the events in the tragedy Macbeth by William Shakespeare may lead readers to believe that fate determined many of Macbeth’s actions, the truth is that Macbeth made all of the decisions in the story through his own free will.
Decisions you make can lead to the death of innocent people. In William Shakespeare's play Macbeth, examines the elements of fate and free will by the actions of others lead to the bloodshed of the innocent people in the play such as Banquo, Duncan and Lady Macduff and her child. Consequently even though Macduff's actions are for the greater good to stopping Macbeth, it comes at the ultimate cost of the life of his wife and child.
In Shakespeare’s Tragedy Macbeth, it is very debatable if fate, or freewill is what causes Macbeth to do the things he does through out the tragedy. Freewill is at work most through out the tragedy because Macbeth is convinced he can change or speed up the fate the three weird sisters prophesized for him at his own will. Throughout the play, Macbeth slowly begins to think he can modify his fate by using the prophecies told to Macbeth by the weird sisters and attempting to change them by his free will.
Throughout the play we see the character of Macbeth change, not only from the way he thinks and speaks, but from his actions as well. Killing Banquo and having Lady Macduff and her children murdered show the insecurity that is present in Macbeth’s character. After the murder of Duncan, Macbeth becomes paranoid. This paranoia leads to his killing the guards to help secure the place that he has found for himself. Macbeth is also very superstitious, which becomes evident when he allows the witches’ prophecy to convince him that Banquo’s offspring would become Kings.
First, it is Macbeth’s thirst for power, coupled with Lady Macbeth’s manipulation of him, that drive the murder of KIng Duncan. As Banquo becomes suspicious and as Macbeth becomes increasingly troubled by the witches’ proclamation that Banquo will be the father of kings, Macbeth convinces himself that Banquo must be killed, proclaiming “For Banquo’s issue I have filed my mind [...] the seeds of Banquo kings (III.i.70-75).” Macbeth is paranoid of losing his new-found power to Banquo. This fear is so stout that it drives him to solicit the murder of his most loyal friend. As his morality devolves further, Macbeth senses disloyalty from Macduff, and he resolves to murder MacDuff’s entire family. In Act IV, Macbeth says, “But yet I'll make assurance double sure,/ And take a bond of fate: thou shalt not live; (IV.i.94-95).” Even though the prophecy seems to assuage Macbeth’s fears of losing power, he still plans to kill MacDuff, supporting his further descent into corruption and evil- all driven by his thirst for
In the first act, Macbeth met the witches whose prophecies claimed Macbeth would be made thane of Cawdor and eventually King of Scotland. At the same time, they claimed Banquo, who was with Macbeth, would be the father of kings. Shortly after, Macbeth and Banquo were greeted by two noblemen who announced that King Duncan had appointed Macbeth the new thane of Cawdor for his brave actions. Macbeth became consumed with the witches’ premonitions. Their vision for the future coupled with his ambition drove Macbeth to make choices that ultimately destroyed him. With significant influence from Lady Macbeth, he decided to take action and murder King Duncan. As part of their plan, they get the King’s attendants drunk so they’d black out then they could blame them for the murder. Macbeth ends up killing them the next morning when Duncan’s murder is discovered, pretending he is enraged by their crime. When Macbeth sees the ghost of Banquo, he decides to visit the witches again. More prophecies are cited including that Macbeth must beware of Macduff. When Macbeth learns Macduff fled to England to meet up with Malcolm, King Duncan’s son, he orders Macduff’s wife and children killed to tame his anxieties. This ultimately led to his demise as Macduff sought revenge and ends up killing Macbeth in battle. This choice of blood and battle to feed his ambitions of
Throughout the story of Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, Macbeth acts in a much despised manner: he becomes a murderer and later, when king of Scotland, a tyrant. Many who have read or seen the play are left wondering how a man’s whole approach to life can change; how Macbeth turned from the hero whom all adored, to the tyrant who was hated and ended up a lone man, fighting for his life.
Humans love excuses. From the classic “my dog ate my homework” to “the FBI confiscated my essay on my way to school this morning”, excuses are almost as much a part of day-to-day life as language itself. Like most things that are apart of everyday life, excuses have also found their way into literature. However, while procrastinating high school students have “my pet gerbil, Wallace, made a nest out of my worksheet” , authors, especially those writing tragedies, have fate. The question of whether or not each individual truly chooses what happens in their lives is one that has been addressed in various works of literature time and time again. This battle of fate vs free will is especially prominent in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth. In
Macbeth’s characteristic of greed magnifies when he becomes king. Relating back to the motif of the witches, when they said, “So all hail, Macbeth and Banquo!” (1.3.71), Macbeth starts to worry about this statement. The witches predict that Macbeth will become king, and he does, so now because of the fact that they said that Banquo will become king, Macbeth starts to worry. Macbeth’s greed starts to play a role in his interactions with others because he wants to keep and gain power as king and is willing to do anything to stay in this position. Macbeth now hunts down Banquo and his son to keep either of them from becoming king, because of his greed for power. During this part of the play Macbeth’s greed for power now takes over most of his mind, and he thinks nothing else other than defending himself and his throne. Secondly, Macbeth exhibits greed when he becomes skeptical of Macduff. He treats Macduff almost the same as Banquo. He hunts him down to kill him and his family, so that they would not prevent him from being king. This want for power still exists and stays with Macbeth for the rest of the play. Macbeth hunts and kills anybody that threatens his power and who the witches mention. As a result of one of the witches prophecies become true as him becoming king, Macbeth is now worried that all of the other statements will become true, therefore Macbeth has to defend himself and his
Yet after his encounter with the witches, his mind was going back and forth trying to figure out how he should act upon the prophecy of becoming king! It was by then that the idea of fate had been planted into his head, and with such good title to come with it, why wouldn’t he want to believe his ‘fate’? Something that I found very interesting about the witches was that looking closely at line 24-25 when one of the witches says, "Though his bark cannot be lost, yet it shall be tempest-tossed." From what I seemed to understand, these lines seemed to really show the limitations to the witches’ powers, because they were basically saying that they could only make life rough for the clueless captain, but they could not kill him. I think that this is really important to all the people who thought that the witches had ‘written out’ Macbeth’s fate because in the same way as the previous stated scene they can tempt Macbeth with predictions about his future, but they cannot make him choose evil. Meaning that in this scene, one of the conflicts is obviously fate vs. free will! All the witches really did was find a way of stirring up evil, by tempting Macbeth into choosing to opt for evil instead of good. “If chance will have me king, why, chance may crown me, without my stir.” (Act 1. Scene iii. Line 10). Here, Macbeth seems content to leave his future to "chance." If "chance" will have