Macroeconomics

The first one is prices and wages do not respond quickly to change in demand or supply. Another one is firms are often slow to adjust wages. If price level rise, it causes firms are more profitable with same wage, so firms can hire more employees which lead to the increase of output. The third one is changing firms’ based prices to account for an unexpected increase in the price level can be costly. (Parker, 2014)

(Figure: The Multiplier) Look at the figure The Multiplier. If this economy is at Y1 and the price level decreases:

Another injection in the economy is the multiplier effect of the investment. In the economy, the money invested today will have a greater impact such as increasing the levels of output in the future. This is because investment rises the capital stock. With an evolution in technology, the machineries help production become faster and cheaper, thus contributing greatly to increasing the output in long-term.

17. According to the traditional view of the production process, how does output per worker change when capital per worker increases?

If more money circulates within the economy, the larger the multiplier effect will be”. Therefore, the economic impacts are vital to think of in the planning of state, regional and community and economical development. They are the important factors in marketing and management decisions as well.

We have thus seen that increase in money supply lowers the rate of interest which then stimulates more investment demand. Increase in investment demand through multiplier process leads to a greater increase in aggregate demand and national income.

The correct answer is: the increased amount of output achievable from a given quantity of labor and capital due to technological innovation.

Additionally, Sally is withdrawing $34,000 from her savings account that pays 4% interest/year to purchase the furniture and equipment; she will quit her current job that pays $25,000 per year. She expects total revenues from the new business in the first year to be $70,000. Calculate the following:

A multiplier effect refers to the increase of spending produces an increase in national income and consumption greater than the

18) An economy’s aggregate demand curve shifts leftward or rightward by more than changes in initial spending because of the

The Multiplier Effect is the expansion of a country’s money supply. Low-wage workers tend to spend all their earning to meet basic needs, whereas the wealthy can afford to put their money away to save. So, the multiplier model shows that every extra dollar going into the low-wage workers’ pockets adds about $1.21 to the national economy. By contrast, every extra dollar going into the pockets of wealthy peoples only adds $0.39 to the GDP (Anderson, 2014). When money is being put back into the pockets of the people who are spending the money it expands the economy because it’s a cycle. Every extra dollar a low-wage worker earns is being spent on more things needed, whereas an extra dollar to a high-wage worker is being put away and not spent on the

Keynes established the theory of the multiplier effect. Keynesians believe that, because prices are somewhat predictable, variations in spending, such as consumption, investment, or government expenditures, cause output to fluctuate. For example, if government spending increases and all other components remain constant, then output will increase. The multiplier effect is defined as “output increases by a multiple of the original change in spending that caused it.”(3) This means, that if the government were to increase their spending by ten billion dollars, it could cause the total output to rise by fifteen billion dollars (a multiplier of 1.5) or by five billion (a multiplier of 0.5). Thus the money that gets injected into the economy creates a multiplier effect and promotes more circulation of money by creating

The sequential headlines of chapter nine were “The Determination of Equilibrium Output (Income)” and “The Savings/Investment Approach to Equilibrium.” The equilibrium output equation as listed by Case, Fair, and Oster was that of Y = C + I + G and the “savings/investment approach to equilibrium” was S + T = I + G. The second heading defined S and T as “leakages” and I and G as “injections” (p. 170). Once these two equilibrium approaches were listed on page 170, the government spending multiplier was defined by Case, Fair, and Oster as this: “the ratio of the change in the equilibrium level of output to a change in government spending” (p. 171). This term was also

Federal Reserve has two other tools that it can use to change the money supply.

[pic] Households with more disposable income have more money to spend. This shifts the demand curve to the right and increase the price people are willing to spend on goods. Higher prices of goods reduces the cost of labor. A decrease in the cost of labor allows companies to increase production.