Madam Cj Walker Biography

They are women with incomes of $25,000 or more a year that care about their appearance and spend money on beauty products. They tend to have curly or frizzy hair. They are women that tend to use beauty salons and keep up with fashion and fashion trends.

There has been a notable amount of conversation on the internet on the rebirth of the natural hair movement. Cherise Luter (2014) states that despite afros and the natural hair movement not being a new concept (i.e. the Black Power Movement), it has gone under what she calls a “refreshing change”. Furthermore, what used to be “I’m black and I’m proud”, has been replaced with “I’m me and I’m proud” (Luter 2016). So, what is the natural hair movement? It is defined as a movement where black women decide to not conform to the social norms of chemically altering their hair and wearing it in its natural, kinky, or curled state (Joignot 2015). The movement could also be considered as an outlet for black women to display their racial and cultural pride or to articulate their “political position (Brown 2014:297). However, simply the terminology “movement” is something that should be shocking to many. There is a great amount of historical context behind the continuous influence Eurocentric beauty ideals have had on black women for centuries. According to Nadia Brown (2014), Black natural hair throughout history has proven to be recognized as “either unintended or intended personal and political statements” (298). the beauty standard in Western society which praises European hair textures, has influenced many black women to be critical of other black women who choose to chemically straighten their hair, accusing them of being subservient to the dominant and pervasive racist

Her business began. Walker founded her own business and began to sell Madam Walker’s Wonderful Hair Grower. She claims that formula for this scalp healing and conditioning treatment was revealed to her while she dreamed.Walker began to travel, for a year and a half she was seen all over the South and Southeast promoting her business. Aas she formulateddevised sales and marketing strategies, her hands on approach seemed to be workng. Walker wentould go door to door demonstrating her products. With her name buzzing in churches, and lodges she was beginning her path to success. Iin 1908, she opened Leila College to “hair culturists” (similar to a present day beauty school). By 1910 Walker settled in the nation 'snations largest manufacturing center, Indianapolis. She built yet another beauty school, a factory for her products and a hair and manicure salon. Walker also donated $1,000 to fund the building of the ‘colored YMCA’. During the year of 1913 Walker traveled to to the Caribbean and Central America expanding her business even more. Finally she moved by herself to New York in 1916. She left the day-to-day work to her former school teacher, Alice Kelly. She would oversee how things went from her office in NY but she really became interested in the political and

Annie Malone moved to Brooklyn, Illinois, while experimenting with her hair, and different hair care products. She developed, and manufactured her own line of non damaging hair straightness, special oils, and hair stimulant products for African American women named,'Wonderful Hair Grower' to promote her new products she sold the Wonderful Hair Grower in bottles door to door. In 1902, Annie Malone move to St. Louis where she and two hired assistants sold hair care products door to door as a part of her marketing plan, she even went as far as to give away free treatments to attract more customers. Due to high demand for her product in St. Louis, in 1904, she opened her first shop, and launched a wide advertising campaign in the black press,

Bridget “Biddy” Mason was born a slave in Mississippi in 1818; she achieved success that enabled her to support her extended family for many generations despite the fact that she was illiterate. In a landmark case she sued her master for her freedom, saved her earnings, invested in real estate, she became a well known philanthropist, in Los Angeles. After becoming a free Mason worked in Los Angeles as a nurse and midwife, one of her employers was the noted John Strother Griffin, saving carefully, she was one of the first African Americans to purchase land in the city, as a businesswoman she amassed a small fortune of nearly $300,000, which she shared generously with charities. Biddy also fed and sheltered the poor, and visited prisoners. She was instrumental in founding a travel aid center and an elementary school for black children.

Madam C. J. Walker was a black philanthropist, an entrepreneur, a social and political activist. She was born as Sarah Breedlove, on the 23rd of December 1867 and died on the 25th of May 1919. She was widely recognized as one of the wealthiest women in the country as well as the very first female self-made millionaire. She used her company, which she founded, Madame C. J. Walker Manufacturing as her business frontier (Walker and Bundles 208). Her business was quite successful in developing and advertising a hair and beauty products for black women. Through her business, she ventured into philanthropy and activism. She made numerous financial donations to many organizations, and she also became a patron of the arts. Her extravagant estate served the purpose of a gathering venue for many African American people. Following her death, the Madame Walker Theatre Centre opened in 1927 to ensure her legacy remained.

Humanitarian, community advocate and aid to immigrants, Caroline Chisholm spent her life in the service of others. Her legacy of good will and economic empowerment spans several continents and several decades. Mrs. Chisholm advocated for immigrant women and girls in India, England and Australia. Because of her faith, Mrs. Chisholm was met with much opposition. As a Catholic in a time where Catholicism was viewed with mistrust and disdain, she had to overcome barriers simply because of her belief system even though if anything, her beliefs helped to motivate her to do all the great work she did for immigrant women and girls.

The researcher interview with African American women with natural hair and examination of social media. The researchers explain that in the natural hair community a curl texture is more attractive than kinky hair texture and lengthier hair more desirable than short hair; also having manageable hair is dynamic to African American women’s effective performances of Black femininity. This research expands the discourse in African American Studies that theorizes the experiences of African American women with natural hair compared to those of African American women with relaxed hair such as perms (Howard, 2015, p.

The attitudes and arguments towards and against black hair in “Balm” by Lonnae O’Neal Parker and “My First Conk” by Malcolm X are contingent because they express two distinct views on black hair. Malcolm X pleads that manipulation of our hair by straightening or covering by wig is self- degradation. While Parker believes that the time she spent doing her daughters hair is translated to the love she has for them. This time not only assures the girls that they have a loving mother, it assures Parker that she could send them out into a world that would appreciate them because they had someone who put time (love) into the girls. Parker is aware of the scary truth that our worth by outside world is one dimensional and fuel by aesthetics. Both Lonnae O’Neal Parker and Malcolm X have analyze the importance of hair in the black community. Parker praises the “black hair ritual” while Malcolm criticizes it. Even though their topics differ, both essays share the act of taming natural hair, and the motifs of love and pain

In the industry of cosmetology there has been women that have played an important role. Like Sarah Breedlove, who later became known as Madam C.J. Walker was America’s first African American female millionaire. She was born poor and orphaned, but later built her own business of manufacture hair products. A

I personally thought the autobiography on Lou Ann Walker and her life was quite fascinating to read. It was also very disheartening to read what she have had to go through with so much negativity and ignorance that she endured from others just because Lou Ann's parents were deaf. Lou Ann also had to deal with that within the deaf community from others looking down on deaf people that she was trying to help, regardless of what the situation was. It's pretty amazing that she was still positive and had to fight through all of that drama alternating the issues in the both worlds and even herself too, the whole identity crisis. A normal person wouldn't be able to handle that kind of life she had, being expected to help out constantly and interpreting

Joseph R. Walker was born in Tennessee on December 13th, 1798. He moved to Missouri and died November 13th, 1872. He was a fur trapper and a trader. He knew Benjamin Bonneville, who was an officer in the U.S. Army.

By employing themes such as psychosexual fantasies, race, gender, and violence, artist Kara Walker reconstructs and explores the history and effects of American slavery on American culture. Although being called names like notorious, revolting, anti-progressive, and shameless, she continues to be a pioneer of bringing the unspeakable aspects of American slavery that are not commonly discussed and are left out of the history books to the foreground of public discussion.

Since the early 1900s, Black women have had a fascination with their hair. More explicitly, they have had a fascination with straightening their hair. The need to be accepted by the majority class has caused them to do so. Though the image of straight hair as being better than coarse hair still hasn’t left the Black community, there has been a surge of non straight hairstyles since the nineteen sixties. Wearing more natural hairstyles, which ironically enough include ‘weaves’ and ‘hair extensions’ has been considered to be more empowered and more enlightened. However, this image comes with a price, and though it appears the ‘natural’ hairstyle movement has advanced Black women, it has actually set

Tracy Riggs began her career as an ambitious hair stylist in Philadelphia and set out to hone and master the craft of hair dressing and her hard work paid off with an offer for a freelance position as a platform artist showcasing her techniques in London, Barbados and Trinidad for a product line in front of 100's of hair dressers. Tracy's passion for health well being and hair care lead her to her next mission "doing hair with a purpose" she started growing women out of there relaxers nearly 14 years ago, educating and encouraging women of color to love the hair they were born with and assuring them they could still wear there hair straight.