Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies

Funder (2007), states that personality is a combination of how people think, feel and behave, with the psychological mechanisms behind those patterns. Therefore, it can be defined as consistent behaviour patterns and processes which happen in the mind of the individual. These behaviour patterns suggest that there are individual differences and that personality is consistent. The combination of these areas, and confliction of these is what psychologist’s try to understand.

Cohen’s article is a reminder to be careful when reviewing research. This article shows how not all research is true and people put their faith into what they want the research to mean. It is damaging to the progression of psychology as a science if researchers do not claim something as significant for being true. We do this by claiming something is significant because that is what NHST says, and

The five-factor model (FFM) is a contemporary construct describing personality. It incorporates five traits – openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism also referred to as OCEAN. Within each dimension, there are specific personality attributes, for example, openness includes subcategories of feelings and actions. The FFM was influenced by Cattell’s 16-factor model (1957) and shares traits with many other personality theories such as Eysenck’s PEN model. There has been an ongoing debate discussing how many factors appropriately represent the brain structure of personality, suggestions have varied from 2-7, recently Almagor et al. (1995) advocated that a 7-factor model unfolds when evaluative traits are involved. Costa & Mcrae (1992) claim that the FFM is the best theory of personality, however, the model has received much criticism. Through examining different aspects of the model its credibility can be explored.

In the article brain on fiction, A very interesting article by Annie Murphy Paul appeared in the New York Times yesterday. It was titled “Your Brain on Fiction” and deals with how the written word affects our brains. In the article, she talks about several studies done with functional MRIs (fMRI). A functional MRI looks at brain activation by revealing changes in blood flow. If a certain area of the brain is stimulated, then that area will receive increased blood flow and this can be measured with a functional MRI. Such testing is currently being looked at to perhaps develop a more reliable lie detector. It appears that different parts of the brain activate when someone is remembering an event as opposed to making it up. Hopefully, this technique

Humans have used deception and trickery as a means of protection, survival, and personal gain from the very beginning. At the primitive level this deception was required, for example, by using camouflage to catch prey. Move forward several thousand years, and human deception can result in massive profit gains, injury or death to others, and identity fraud, among many others. Across different civilizations a variety of techniques were devised to seek the truth from those who wished to deceive others. Currently a new technology aims to more accurately read minds by using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or fMRI, by mapping the brain’s activity. The implications of this technology are immense; however there are many ethical hurdles to be crossed before it can become more mainstream. This paper examines the practicality as well as the ethical hurdles of using fMRI for lie detection.

A person’s personality says much about who he or she is. People define personality in different ways. Researcher after researcher has tried to come up with the best definition for what personality truly means. Case studies, correlational studies, and experimental designs are some of the most commonly used methods of research. These methods help better define personality. The advantages and disadvantages of each method differ and can be helpful or hurtful to the research of an individual’s personality.

Research is playing with puzzles, making sense of the nonsensical piece by piece. What’s a greater puzzle than the brain? In middle school, to procrastinate, I watched videos on why we dream, why we feel, why we forget. The more I saw, the more I wanted to know. So, in high school, I enrolled in AP psychology. When I read the syllabus, my stomach cartwheeled at knowing I would have to dissect a sheep brain. As I reluctantly walked into the lab, the fresh formaldehyde smell battered my nostrils. Little tool kits of torture were lined up on every table. While the rest of my group used them to emphatically scissor away, I simply observed, hands paralyzed to my side. Then, the teacher commanded each of us look at the hippocampus. When I picked up the grooved grey blob, I realized my slightly shaking forceps held most of that sheep’s knowledge, memories, and

If applicable in the courtroom, these fMRI methods will completely revolutionize our legal system and law enforcement procedures. Imagine a world where swearing "to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth" is actually enforceable. This is why I would choose to speak to Stephen J. Morse, a professor at the

Plummeting the load of dishonesty has been the crucial goal of the cohort for ages to melt off the hassle of suspicion and increase the competency of human beings. The multitude of all ages has tried their best to wipe out deception and regain trust with the available technologies. Still the fundamental nature of humanity to deceive can’t be altered. Recently, fMRI imaging has come forth as a Protector of the mental capacity to assess deception and discriminate dishonesty from actuality. The future of the courtroom seems endangered with the over persuasiveness of this neuroscience data. How does fMRI work? Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI): is a technique that directly evaluates the blood flow to the brain, thereby providing information

They performed the same procedures each slide and image the same and also only utilized neurons from Layer III. Only analyzing cells from Layer III helped delete any potential alterations or differences found between the various cortex layers. Another strength was that the researchers utilized two different measures, HSD and GLR that were complementary to each other. GLR helps explain the allocation of different neurons in the ROI by using a relative amount that helps to reduce the consequences of shrinkage and other irrelevant factors that don’t pertain to the study. While there were various strengths detected in this article, there were also numerous weaknesses noted as well. The first weakness was the sample size. The researchers included only 19 subjects in their experimental group, which is a relatively small sample size. Utilizing a large sample could help confirm whether or not the results seen in this experiment are actually characteristic of the general population. Another weakness was that the experiment had a large variability in age within the human subjects. To try and rectify this issue, the researchers removed the 3 oldest human subjects from their analysis, as advanced age may have changed their frontal lobe causing the results to be skewed. This decreased their sample size even more so, which may have decreased the validity of their

The researchers use fMRI to examined the brain activity of FFA, they showed the variety of images that have a different context.

In this essay we will talk about the fMRI method which is a functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI technology that measures brain activity. First we will talk about how it was used in the Kanwisher et al. research study about the fusiform face area. Then we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this method compared to the EEG and the TMS methods. And finally we will explain how the fMRI method was the most appropriate for the research we studied.

Luckily thanks to advances in technology and imaging understanding the anatomy of the brain have been made possible. Not only are they able to understand the significance of the structure of the brain but this research allows neuroscientists to detect flaws in its functioning. They are now

Title: Evaluate experimental and brain-imaging techniques and consider what they tell us about the brain and cognitive behaviour in typical and atypical individuals.

Magnetic resonance imaging has the potential of totally replacing computed tomography. If history was rewritten, and CT invented after MRI, nobody would bother to pursue CT. --Philip Drew (Mattson and Simon, 1996)