Maine: The White Pinecone

“The losse to the English in the severall colonies … is reckoned to amount to £150,000 … 1200 houses burned, 8000 head of cattle … killed, and many thousand bushels of wheat, peas and other grain burned (of which the Massachusets colony hath not been damnifyed one third part, the great losse falling upon New Plymouth and Connecticot colonies) and upward of 3000 Indians men women and children destroyed, who if well managed would have been very serviceable to the

The relationship between the English and the Native Americans in 1600 to 1700 is one of the most fluctuating and the most profound relationships in American history. On the one side of the picture, the harmony between Wampanoag and Puritans even inspires them to celebrate “first Thanksgiving”; while, by contrast, the conflicts between the Pequots and the English urge them to antagonize each other, and even wage a war. In addition, the mystery of why the European settlers, including English, become the dominant power in American world, instead of the indigenous people, or Indians, can be solved from the examination of the relationship. In a variety of ways, the relationship drastically alters how people think about and relate to the aborigines. Politically, the relationship changes to establish the supremacy of the English; the English intends to obtain the land and rules over it. Socially, the relationship changes to present the majority of the English settlers; the dominating population is mostly the English settlers. Economically, the relationship changes to obtain the benefit of the English settlers; they gain profit from the massive resource in America. Therefore, the relationship does, in fact, change to foreshadow the discordance of the two groups of people.

The colonists set up a colony at Jamestown to defend themselves against the Indians, and eventually Powhatan’s people came forward to open the trade of corn with the colonists. This corn eventually kept the colonist alive until another ship of more people and supplies came in. This however, did not prepare the colonists for the winter of 1609-1610, or “the starving time”, when only 60 of the original

New Hampshire brings to mind serene forests, large moose and deer lurking behind the heavy greenery, miniscule towns with all familiar faces, and pale colored wooden homes with dark smoke emanating from the brick chimneys in the colder months. For the first 13 years of my life I lived within the state, and I look back fondly on it. I especially enjoyed how distinct

Beginning in the Sixteenth Century, Europeans sought to escape religious and class persecution by engaging on a journey to the New World. However, they were unaware that this “New World” was already inhabited by many groups of Native Americans, who had been established on the continent for thousands of years. At first, the two ethnic groups lived in relative peace. The colonists of Jamestown survived due to Powhatan’s tribe teaching them how to cultivate the land. However, things took a twisted turn as the colonists grew greedy. Due to cultural differences, there was stark tension between the Indian groups and European settlers in New England prior to 1750, which tremendously influenced early political means, social life, and the economy.

In the early 1800’s, The United States and Spain had continuously argued with the Native people. The Louisiana Territory was purchased from France in the year 1803, Americans continued to push farther west for fertile land that could be used for farming. Due to overcrowding of eastern cities like New York City and Boston many settlers moved out west for a new start. It allowed for colonists to spread out and own untouched fertile land. When white settlers arrived they had realized that most of the land acquired from the territory was occupied by Native Americans for thousands of years. For decades Americans had thought that the land west of the Appalachian Mountains were unoccupied, but they were wrong. There were many tribes that had occupied this land. This included tribes like, The Choctaw, Cherokee, and The Chickasaw. In a sense, Americans had violent outbreaks with the Natives the minute the colonists’ had arrived in the United State. As the colonists’ tried to establish complete dominance and superiority over the Indians, ongoing heated debates over land ownership, and demanding requests to satisfy greed made forceful attacks between the groups unavoidable.

When the first European colonists arrived in 1620 on land in the New World, a disaster was forming. Arriving in what is known today as Massachusetts on The Mayflower, the settlers didn’t have enough experience surviving cold, harsh winters causing almost half of the settlers to die that had arrived on The Mayflower. This had changed in 1621 with the help of the Native people. The American Indians had started teaching the English people how to do many things including harvesting and growing crops. This help from the Native’s had led to the first Thanksgiving between the two groups. These two societies, however, didn’t remain friends. The English settlers had kicked off the American Indians of their own land and tried to make them convert to Christianity. The English settlers had also brought diseases from Europe causing many Indians to get very sick and even some die.

As John Smith and the settlers had begun to create their colony, the Indians had other ideas, as they were hiding amongst the bushes and trees. They found their chance of ambush, set fire to their tents, and killed two of the English men. However, they didn’t stop from there. During mid June, at least three more had died in the ambushes (Document E). This contributed to deaths in Jamestown because, the Indians could not find it easy to live alongside with strangers on the Island, thus, lead to misunderstandings and blood. In 1609, a man named Francis West and several men sailed up the Chesapeake Bay to trad corn with the Indians. However, their trades became harsh if the Indians had not agreed to give anything. For example, Francis had two Indian heads cut off, because they wouldn’t take the grain he was trading with them (Document D). What’s important to realize about this was the fact that the english men had killed two Natives, and this alone could trigger any kind of mistrust and suspense. This was most likely one of the reasons why many colonist had died, because they depended on the Indians for food and trade. So when the Indians had stopped trading with them, it left the colonist to starve for the winter. Also known as the starving time, when man decided to eat each other for food. On November 1610, Powhatan, the leader of the nearby Indian tribe seized Jamestown and killed a

​During the American Revolution war the battles came to a Cherokee village the Cherokee joined forces with the British because they were trading partners. So the Americans seeker revenge. So they. Went through Cherokee towns burning buildings and destroying crops. The villages were starving and some fled for the woods.

The discovery of New England, a place considered to be fertile, perfect in climate, and overall fascinating, obtained the captivation and interest of many beings, causing migration to this new land to spark. Nevertheless, the fascination that soon-arrived colonists had and the want to acquire new colonists, numerous beings exaggerated, lied, and chose only to report selective pieces of information, causing many to be misinformed. Several incoming colonists believed, that they would be free of inconveniences as they would have access to a year-round warm climate, and fertile soil. However, upon arrival, this information proved to be false, as a result, many newcomers to New England suffered and often died due to their ignorance.

Before Bacon arrived in 1674, frontier families were just barely getting by. The weather was bad leading to less crop harvest and taxes were high. The colonists grew angry with the government, saying the neighboring Indians should be removed (“Saint or Sinner?”). The colonists at once take the reins and form an army. However, Gov. Berkeley says they must not have a commander, or go against the Indians (“First American Rebel”). Bacon arrives in North America at just the perfect time, in his eyes.

Unlike the Native Americans, the newly arrived settlers were unprepared to sustain themselves with necessities needed to survive life in the New World. They foolishly expected the Native Indians to welcome them with open arms upon their arrival and be willing to supply them with food in exchange for jewels. Instead

Malcolm X once said “We (African-Americans) didn't land on Plymouth Rock, the rock was landed on us.”1 While not comparing it as such, nor discounting in any way the tremendous suffering and struggle for equality African-Americans have endured, this work presents a very strong argument that the native peoples of North America, have suffered as much or arguably more so. Indeed several bands had already been obliterated by disease and war with the White invaders from the sea before most of the English colonies were even well established, a pattern which would only continue to get worse. For the Indians living in what is now the eastern United States in the 1770's, the revolution was merely the continuation of a generational war they had been steadily losing for over a century already. Native peoples all across the vast hinterlands had coped with the destruction of their lives and livelihoods as they always had, by adapting and evolving as their situations changed which continued through the revolutionary and beyond.

The English never really had a positive relationship with the Indians, beginning when the first European settlers arrived. When they first arrived not only were they being very greedy with the new resources but they also brought over virulent diseases that wiped out nearly 75% of the Maine indian population. The French on the other had accepted the indians from the start and I think thats why the relationship was so strong between the two. The French and English had similar goals when coming to Maine but the way they chose to pursue their goals were almost polar opposite. They both wanted to utilized the fishing, lumbering, and fur trading within Maine.

The settlers stole, killed, and used the natives things whenever they wanted. The colonists killed