Major Depression: Case Study Investigation

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a talking therapy it is a way of talking about, how you think about yourself, the world and other people and how what you do affects your thoughts and feelings.

Over the course of my career I have been trained in interventions from various theoretical orientations, with particular emphasis on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I always find myself gravitating to the structure of CBT, which in order to be effective, requires collaboration between the provider and patient to identify maladaptive patterns of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors within the context of the individual’s environment. The CBT approach has a wide array of carefully constructed exercises, in addition to various protocols, to help clients evaluate and change their thoughts and behaviors.

During therapy, patients may or may not be receiving pharmacotherapy such as antidepressants. This is a clinical judgement best made by healthcare providers or treatment team responsible for patient’s care. Many mental health professionals refer CBT as the primary treatment than medications while other therapists incorporate CBT techniques into their practices along with medications. In a primary care setting, CBT is performed by certified CBT therapists or healthcare providers that are usually psychiatrists, psychologists, mental health nurses, social workers, counselors, physicians and occupational therapists who have received training and supervision in cognitive and behavioural therapy. After team and goal has been finalized, work begins on the first goal, using cognitive and behavioural skills to create awareness and effect change among seniors. Because many older adults are living independent or estranged from family, increasing behavioural engagement in everyday activities is

According to the book, CBT has four phases of treatment, which are increasing pleasurable activities, challenging automatic thoughts, identifying negative thoughts, and changing thoughts. For the first phase, clinicians will encourage the patient to identify and engage in activities, such as taking walks, which are enjoyable to their patient. For the second phase, the clinician will teach their patient about what negative thoughts can do to them and how the patient can challenge those negative thoughts. For the third phase, once the client is able to identify the negative thoughts, the clinician can help the patient identify how the negative thoughts are causing depressive symptoms to occur. For the fourth phase, the clinician will help their patient to challenge the negative thoughts and replace them with positive

By incorporating CBT techniques, it would be important for the therapist to encourage the client to conceptualize what is causing his distress as well as identifying and challenging any irrational and negative beliefs. The therapist and the client work together to establish what goals the client would like to achieve in therapy in order change his mental state, rather than focusing on his depression in a negative manner. The ABC framework would be very helpful in conceptualizing the client’s problem by identifying the activating agent (A), the beliefs (B), and the consequences (C) that all lead to his depression. Throughout the therapeutic process, it will be important to consistently re-visit goal setting and to continue encouraging the

Cognitive behavior therapy also referred to as CBT is one of the most practiced forums of evidence-based therapy used today. CBT approaches in therapy have demonstrated a high degree of success rates in treatment. CBT is known for treating anxiety, alcohol and substance abuse, and depression among many other difficulties one might experience (Padesky, 2012). Cognitive behavioral therapy maintains the belief that what people believe holds significant value. A person’s belief has a strong influence on how the person feels and acts upon those feelings (Corey, 2017). Around the mid-1970’s therapists started emphasizing the interaction between behavioral, affective, and cognitive dimensions which led to the

At the same time, therapist who practice CBT aim to help their patient change pattern of behavior that come form dysfunctional thinking (O’Brien, & Susan Hussey,

Consistent with the medical model of psychiatry, the overall goal of treatment is symptom reduction, improvement in functioning, and remission of the disorder. In order to achieve this goal, the client becomes an active participant in a collaborative problem-solving process to test and challenge the validity of maladaptive cognitions and to modify maladaptive behavioral patterns. Thus, modern CBT refers to a family of interventions that combine a variety of cognitive, behavioral, and emotion-focused techniques (Hofmann, 2011; Hofmann, Asmundson, & Beck (!)) Even though these strategies greatly emphasize cognitive factors, CBT recognizes the physiological, emotional, and behavioral components which also play a significant role in contributing to the disorder.

One of the basic assumptions of CBT is the relationship among people’s cognition, affect, physiology reactions and behavior. It proposes a cognitive model which emphasizes the crucial role of dysfunctional thoughts in psychological disturbances (Beck, 2011). According to this model, it is the person’s evaluation of the situation instead of the situation per se determines the individual’s reactions. More specifically, if people are able to examine the situation in a more adaptive way, they are less likely to experience emotional disturbances and behavioral problems. Based on this fundamental belief, the overarching goal of CBT is to reduce the clients’ symptoms through changing their maladaptive thoughts,

Computerized cognitive-bias modification (CBM-I) has swiftly made a presence in experimental medicine, but according to Williams, Mackenzie, Blackwell, Holmes, and Andrews (2013), has not been previously explored in combination with Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for effectiveness in treating depression. The authors recognized the benefits of creating more accessible and affordable methods of treatment for depression and the use of internet based approaches can be an effective way to provide access to evidence-based therapies (Williams, et al., 2013). This paper will provide an overview of CBM-I and how it can complement the use of

CBT has shown to be as useful as antidepressant medication for individuals with depression and is superior in preventing relapse. Clients receiving CBT for all depression disorders are encouraged to schedule activities in order to increase the amount of pleasure they experience. In addition, depressed patients learn how to restructure negative thought patterns in order to interpret their environment in a less biased way. CBT for Bipolar Disorder and the high-risk depressed client is used as an adjunct to medication treatment and focuses on psychoeducation about the disorder and understanding cues and triggers for relapse. The client will have more reason to gain more confidence in them. Studies indicate

In this essay we plan to formulate the conceptualization of treatment for Erin, a client experiencing Severe Depression. Erin, 32 year old woman, educated, bright, and independently referred herself to the psychologist through the GP practice. She was previously employed as a GP part-time though now taking time off to raise her children.

Major Depressive Disorder seems like an accurate diagnosis for this patient. This patient has been through a lot of things emotionally and has not sought out the help of a professional to help her deal with what has happened to her. She went from one traumatatic experience to another and had nowhere to turn for support. She went from a possible sexual assult in college, to having to stay in a psychartic ward, to now having to go through a divorce. This patient seems to be very fragile and does not even make reference to anything in the future. Those who suffer from MDD experience everything that the patient expressed from feeling hopeless, lack of appatiate, and irregular sleep patterns. As a professional after a patient trys to cope with

The back side of CBT is not suitable for every case, especially the ones with a chronic mental disorder. For instance, schizophrenia which a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental