Major Depressive Disorder ( Mdd )

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is referred as clinical depression it is a medical condition that can affect many aspects of your life. For example, it can impact mood, behavior, physical functions such as appetite and sleep. People can feel sadness throughout life because that is what human have to experience in order to grow as someone stronger. However, this is just for short period of time and when someone has persistent and intense feeling of sadness for a long time then they may have MDD. This disorder emerges at an early age and usually in the late twenties. Nevertheless, other chronic diseases can be tied up to MDD such as anxiety, diabetes and insomnia. Therefore, using preventive measures to alter peoples condition can influence their

Major depressive disorder, we all have probably heard of it, but do we really know what is it is ? Major depressive disorder is “a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest… major depressive disorder or clinical depression, affects how you feel, think and behave and can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems”(Mayo Clinic Staff). Having this disorder puts you in a very unstable position because you are constantly feeling depressed so it affects the way you think and feel and that can be very dangerous. Sometimes this happens to a person for one day, but put yourself in the shoes of someone who experiencing this for more than two weeks? When you have major depressive disorder, the signs of depression disorder can last for two weeks or more(myers646). This dis order must be treated immediately because “depression may make you feel as if life isn 't worth living”(Mayo Clinic Staff). Feeling this way can lead you to doing things that you can not take back such as committing suicide and sadly that can happen when you have major depressive disorder. Kiyohara and Yoshimasu conducted a research that showed that 90% of suicides have were dealing with major depressive disorder(qtd. in The World Health Organization). Throughout this paper I will be discussing the causes, symptoms and treatment when dealing with major depressive disorder.

Mental disorder is a common term to refer people’s mental health conditions in Canada and internationally. People who have studied Hamlet, a play that’s written by William Shakespeare, know that Ophelia is one of the characters who suffer from a mental disorder, which known as major depressive disorder. At the beginning of the play, Ophelia’s mental state is very healthy, she falls in love with her boyfriend Hamlet, yet their relationship is controlled by her father. During the play, Ophelia experiences a transformation of her mindset, which causes by Hamlet. As the play closer to the end, the death of Polonius, father of Ophelia, makes Ophelia’s mental becomes more unstable, which leads her to suicide at the end. Thus, due to all the unhappy events that happen to Ophelia’s life all at once, the psychological harms slowly turn Ophelia becomes insane and eventually brings her to death.

d. A nurse gives a PRN dose of an antipsychotic drug to a patient to prevent violent acting out because

(Nordenberg, 4-6). People with milder forms of depression may respond favorably to psychotherapy; however, it is common for people with moderate to sever depression to benefit from both the use of anti-depressants and psychotherapy. Lastly, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used by people who suffer from severe depression or by people whose depression is life threatening or for those who cannot take anti-depressant medications. ECT is most effective where anti-depressants can't provide sufficient relief of symptoms. In order for ECT to be effective, several sessions are necessary, usually three sessions per week. (5). ("Depression: An Overview" 5-7).

In an attempt to better understand depression in today’s youth, I have chosen to explore the depths of Major Depressive Disorder and how it affects the young people in our society. Depression amongst school age children and adolescents are the primary focus. The prevalence, adversities, and treatment of the depression are discussed as well. After exploring these few facets of the disorder, I will talk briefly about the Ecological Model developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner and Morris in 1998 that is used by counselors to help evaluate and assess the children who are referred by teachers or medical

This is a 47-year-old male with a 12/15/2005 date of injury. A specific mechanism of injury has not been described.

Major Depressive Disorder is defined as a “moderate-to-severe mood disorder in which a person experiences only major depressive episodes but no hypomanic, manic, or mixed episodes” (Butcher, Hooley, & Mineka, 2014, p. 618). Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is also referred to Major Depression. MDD is also “characterized by a combination of symptoms that interfere with a person’s ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy once-pleasurable activities. Major depression is disabling and prevents a person from functioning normally. Some people may experience only a single episode within their lifetime, but more often a person may have multiple episodes” (National Instittute of Mental Health, 2014, p. 2)

Major Depressive Disorder is a common psychiatric disorder, with an estimated point prevalence of 4.7% of the global population. (Ebert et al., 2017) The negative consequences are profound and impact health related quality of life, workplace performance and sick days, and interpersonal relationships. The global economic toll of MDD was estimated to be $800 billion in 2010 and is rising. In the US alone, the incremental economic burden of individuals with MDD in 2010 was estimated to be $210.5 billion, with approximately half of the total incremental costs associated with the workplace. Despite evidence of the inherent harms and long-lasting effects of cognitive symptoms, MDD treatment remains primarily directed at managing mood symptoms, with

Randomized Controlled Trial (RCTs) demonstrates that the use of ECT is effectual when treating major depression. However, it quickly resolves all mental problems. When controlled in a setting that is safe, the treatment becomes comfortable. Some researchers argue that Genuine ECT is more effective in treating acute treatment caused by depression rather than sham ECT. In addition, ECT is also more effective in comparison with standard antidepressant medication treatment (Sienaert 8). Clinical trials that compare ECT with optimal pharmacotherapy are yet to be conducted. There is no evidence that demonstrates the ECT effectiveness in the treatment of Schizophrenia. Genuine ECT has been more effective in

One particular treatment for Major Depressive Disorder is to have Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which is commonly referred to as electroshock therapy. This treatment uses electrical currents to induce seizures. While this sounds counterproductive, there have been numerous successes at reversing various psychological issues including depression. For many treatment-resistant cases of depression, ECT is the only hope for eliminating symptoms.

Electroconvulsive therapy is an extreme treatment for depression. ECT is a highly effective treatment for depression that is helpful for patients with the most severe forms of the illness. A current causes a brief seizure in the brain. ECT is one of the fastest ways to relieve symptoms in severely depressed or suicidal patients. ECT is generally used when severe depression is unresponsive to other forms of therapy.

Electroconvulsive therapy is typically used during the acute phase of depression. The seizure induced by ECT suppresses the symptoms that are still present during this phase (Hollon, Thase, & Markowitz, 2004). ECT is not a cure, therefore some type of ongoing treatment to prevent relapse is required (“What is ECT?,” n.d.). In some cases, this type of treatment includes ECT (“What is ECT?,” n.d.), so ECT can also be used during the continuation and maintenance phases of depression (Hollon, Thase, & Markowitz, 2004).

recommend electroconvulsive therapy. It’s a type of therapy that small amounts of electrical currents are applied to your brain to produce brain waves similar to those that occur during a seizure. The chemical changes are triggered by the electrical currents that can help reduce the symptoms of depression.

Major depression affects over 4.8% among males, which exists as a mental disorder that alters their process to feel, think, and perform daily responsibilities. So, those that remain diagnosed with major depression are generally treated with medications, psychoanalysis, or a mixture of the two. In contrast, if treatment options do not reduce depression levels among patients, then the patient could be recommended for Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) by a consultant. As well, the purpose of the literature review is to determine if ECT seems to produce changes in the brain that could potentially reverse symptoms of specific mental disorders, and if ECT is effective for those that remain resistant to medications and psychotherapy. However, there