Major Depressive Disorder Research Paper

Major Depressive Disorder or MDD is a very common clinical condition that affects millions of people every year. According to the Agency for Health Care Policy & Research, “ depression is under diagnosed & untreated by most medical doctors, despite the fact that it can almost always be treated successfully.

As a disorder that is predicted to affect 9.5% of the US adult population in any given year, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a mental illness that can last for long periods of time if left untreated (National Institute of Mental Health, n.d.). The symptoms associated with MDD vary from person to person, but the most common include a depressed mood, lack of energy, feelings of hopelessness, pessimism, irritability or guilt, fatigue, lack of interest in hobbies and activities that used to be pleasurable, weight fluctuations, suicidal thoughts, and having trouble focusing and making decisions (National Institute of Mental Health).

Depression is on the rise in today's society, especially in teens millennials, therefore steps must be taken to combat this issue. How people get depression depends on their bodies chemistry, but usually causes are by genetics, living environment, sudden changes in a person's life, hormones, and cognitive habits. However sometimes depression can occur for no reason. Depression can affect anyone and everyone but studies have shown an increase in millennials and teens being diagnosed. Those who have a depressive disorder feel sad and uninterest all the time. If people don't treat depression the symptoms continue to get worse. Fortunately, there are many way to treat depression so long as the person struggling is willing to accept treatment.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disorder which affects about 151 million people worldwide1

The disorder I will be focusing on is Major Depressive Disorder. Major Depressive Disorder, also known as major depression, has been a continuing health problem for human beings throughout the course of history. According to documents written by philosophers, healers and other writers, depression has had a deep-rooted existence dating as far back as the second millennium B.C. At this time, Major Depressive Disorder was referred to as “melancholia.” The earliest documentation of melancholia appeared in the ancient texts of the Mesopotamian population. It was then believed that all mental illness was a result of demonic possession and could only be healed by the power of a priest. It was not until much later that the first historical understanding of depression as a spiritual or mental illness was recorded. According to historical documentation, populations such as the ancient Greeks, Romans, Chinese and Egyptian civilizations had controversial thinking about the causes of melancholia, or depression. The Chinese and Egyptian cultures believed that their mentally ill were possessed by demons and practiced exorcism techniques such as beatings, restraint and starvation. Unlike the Chinese and Egyptians, the Romans and Greeks contributed mental illness and depression to biological and psychological disease. Treatment techniques such as gymnastics, massage, special diets, music, baths and herbal

I, Peter McJessy, have been struggling with dramatic changes in my mood and behavior. I noticed these changes beginning sometime in August of this year, and they are present now in late October. I suspect that I am struggling with depression, irritability, and insomnia. These mood changes have affected my relationship with my wife, Nicole, and our two daughters, as well as my job performance at Hardy Incorporated. In the following email letter written while I was on vacation at Davis, North Carolina, I apologize to Nicole for my seemingly uncontrollable negative attitude, while attempting to understand my situation.

I will discuss the diagnostic issues and diagnoses with Major depressive disorder as a primary diagnosis and several other differential diagnoses. We will look at the etiology relationship problem between mom and daughter. We will take into account gender and race. Lastly we will discuss the prognostic treatment for the fictitious patient Dineo. Abnormal behavior is a behavior that diverges from what is projected as a normal standard which is outside the parameters of what is accepted in society. We ask ourselves when will look at a scenario of Jolene sitting in her classroom taping her fingers loud on the desk whilst her lecture is teaching, when he asks her to stop she continues even louder and roll her eyes at him with annoyance. Is this behavior seen as still in the realm of normal behavior? What is seen as normal behavior can be varied amongst different cultures and society. Behavior constitutes abnormalities because some behaviors that disturb social norms are expected to be labelled as abnormal because the not normal behavior that is observed outside the social constraints are classified as deviant. 1. According to Kleinman, (1988) normality and abnormality differs in culture as there are certain standards that are acceptable behavior norms if one behaves in a certain way that is outside the norms of their culture they are believed to show abnormal behavior as it infringes the rules of what is acceptable behavior in a certain culture, therefore reality is

Education wouldn’t only reveal why it is positive for depression to extend beyond chemicals, but it could also potentially provide sufferers with a sense of more control, at least in understanding. Those with depression routinely experience the illness wrenching all aspects of control from their lives, which is why even basic knowledge can provide traction in their darkest moments. Any resemblance of restored control over depression, even just in the knowledge of what is happening, can be helpful for healing.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental disorders globally and along with anxiety and substance abuse, it accounts for over 50% of the disability adjusted years (DALY) globally (Evaluation 2013). MDD causes persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest that last at least 2 weeks and can affect an individual’s biological, motivational and cognitive functions.

At any given day, millions of people suffer from mental illnesses and disorders. These illnesses affect his/her daily life, the way one interactions with others, and how one views him/herself. This is no different for Jessie, a 19-year-old male who is unable to cope with the stressors of college, body image issues, family struggles, and several other negative relations. Given his behaviors and actions, I was able to diagnose Jesse with major depressive disorder and bulimia nervosa. The comorbidity between these two disorders only magnify the symptoms and issues that Jesse undergoes.

It was times like these when I thought about Josh’s lodge ---- oak roof, white sheets, but without a strange woman who dyes her hair in seven different colors lying on the platform bed. She is young, skinny, pale, and charming in a weird way. She wasn’t willing to tell anyone what her last name is, so I called her “Nubby,” due to she was nuts and she had flabby behaviors.

Depressive disorder due to another medical condition was ruled out because a direct pathophysiological link to a prior physical condition could not be verified by the case study. I would also consider diagnosing the client with psychological factors affecting another medical condition. Psychological factors interfere with the treatment of his medical conditions but can be explained by depression (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

To this day, he still experiences symptoms of MDD, thankfully, it is not to the extent of wanting to die, although he still has days in which he reflects on all the mistakes he feels he has made but now he can turn to his significant other for help. He has made friends with other people who have depression and they help each other on the bad days. Although he still has trouble opening up about his feelings, he tries to let people in slowly and now realizes that he may look one way, but having feelings is normal and not to bury these feelings.

For our diagnosis we selected the first client Barbara who was introduced as suffering from Major Depressive Disorder. The client does present symptoms of Major Depressive disorder. The symptoms include a feeling of hopelessness, guilt, lethargy, and suicidality. According to the DSM-V, the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder includes criterion (A) exhibiting at least five of nine clearly defined symptoms “during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning.” The psychiatrist helped her reveal that she meets this first requirement for diagnosis. Barbara expressed that she had felt depressed consistently for the last six months. She also noted she cannot find pleasure in

The exact mechanism of antidepressant action of mirtazapine is not entirely understood, but the drug appears to primarily act as an antagonist at central presynaptic α2-adrenergic autoreceptors and heteroreceptors, which inhibits negative feedback to the presynaptic nerve and causes an increase in norepinephrine and serotonin release.