Major Psychological Disorders Paper

An out-of-body experience is explained by few as a sense of being detached from one’s body, and if associated with other factors like a sense that the world is not real, far away, or even foggy. This with the combination of failure to recall significant personal information, or the content of a meaningful conversation forgotten from one second to the next are signs of a psychological disorder known as Dissociative Disorder. Considered as a rare and mysterious psychiatric curiosity, Dissociative Disorders will be the psychological disorder that will be discussed in this paper.

Psychological disorders are stated to be abnormalities of the mind, known as mental disorders (Klasco, 2011). Abnormalities of the mind cause persistent behaviors that affect an individual’s daily function and life (Klasco, 2011). The different types of psychological disorders include mood disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders (Klasco, 2011). The causes of these disorders are unknown, but factors that contribute to these disorders include childhood experiences, chemical imbalances in the brain, illnesses, heredity, stress, and prenatal exposures (Klasco, 2011). Psychological disorders can be serious and can be life-threatening

Schizophrenia is an illness that affects the brain chemistry and structure in such a way that they experience changes in how they think, manage emotions, make decisions, and relate to others. An individual with schizophrenia may experience psychotic symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized sleep, flat affect, loss of interest in life and activities, trouble organizing thoughts and remembering things, etc. Current treatment options may include medication, therapy, and psychosocial rehabilitation. (NAMI, 2015)

Schizophrenia is a disorder of varying symptoms, in fact until the current edition of the DSM-V this disorder was broken into subtypes such as catatonic, disorganized, paranoid, undifferentiated, and residual. There many facets of schizophrenia such as auditory hallucinations, delusions, social isolation, as well as intense suspicion or agitation, each of which contributed to the previous subtypes of schizophrenia. Today, individuals with schizophrenia are assessed severity of symptoms rather than by classification.

It has been said that people with Schizophrenia have hallucinations and Delusions. “Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that affects the way the person acts, thinks, and sees the world” (“Schizophrenia” 1). This disease makes the person live in fear and horror from how much it controls the person’s head. There are many signs and symptoms of Schizophrenia. The five signs of Schizophrenia are: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, and the negative symptoms. There are also different types of Schizophrenia. The three types are: Paranoid Schizophrenia, disorganized Schizophrenia, and Catatonic Schizophrenia. Each of these different kinds of Schizophrenia has a different affect on people and each one has a different explanation.

Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic mental disorder characterized by an inability to think, behave, and emote in a way that is deemed psychologically neurotypical. Symptoms of schizophrenia are typically categorized into three groups; positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia include psychotic behaviors such as hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders, and movement disorders. Negative symptoms of schizophrenia are generalized as anything that disrupts normal emotions and behaviors. Examples of negative symptoms include things such as a difficulty starting and maintaining activity, a loss of interest in life, and

Schizophrenia is a severe psychological disorder that impacts how a person interoperates reality, expresses emotion and functions in a person’s everyday life. This debilitating disorder affects both men and woman, although occurs earlier in men than it does women. There are no specific set symptoms listed of schizophrenia, each person portrays different clusters of various symptoms. Schizophrenia symptoms are categorized as positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms include abnormal delusions and hallucinations. Negative symptoms are characterized as a lack in traditional behavior such as avolition, alogia, anhedonia, and various disorganized symptoms. Schizophrenia is separated into 5 different subcategories of Paranoid Schizophrenia,

Disorganized schizophrenia consists of disorganized speech and flat emotions. Undifferentiated schizophrenia contains a variety of symptoms that is not similar to one type, because it contains aspects of multiple subtypes. Residual schizophrenia is a subtype when a schizophrenic “no longer displays prominent symptoms”, meaning that they are not experiencing the symptoms on a large scale, from time to time. Catatonic schizophrenia consists of a lack of movement and odd posture caused by an extreme “disturbance in motor behavior”. There is a spectrum to Catatonic schizophrenia; on one end, a person may lack the ability to speak, or respond. While on the other hand, they can be hyperactive, and or repetitive. The subtypes of schizophrenia are essential, because they help in understanding the disorder and effectively treat a patient depending on their

Symptoms. Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder which is characterized by an inability to distinguish what is real and subsequent abnormal behavior. Literally translating from the Greek skhizein and phrēn meaning ‘split-mind’, schizophrenia is characterized by both positive symptoms, e.g. hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking, and also negative symptoms, e.g. apathy, Anhedonia, and deficits in executive functioning. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) requires for a diagnosis that the individual exhbit at least two dysfunctional symptoms that are active for at least one month (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

Major depressive disorder is a mood disorder in which a person experiences low mood, loss of interest, and diminished self-esteem. Symptoms of depression take over every part of a person. It can hinder emotions, bodily utilities, behaviors, and thoughts. Depression is a common mood disorder and can affect any age group. Depression occurs when a person experiences a loss of self-esteem. Such as doing badly in a class, the loss of a loved one, or losing a career. Mild symptoms may go unnoticed and will not affect everyday life. More severe symptoms can become enervating and can last for extended periods of time. Identification or diagnosis of the disease depends on the harshness and extent of the symptoms.

Schizophrenia is a severe, debilitating disabling disease. There are more than two million Americans who suffer with schizophrenia in any given year. Some of the symptoms of schizophrenia are hallucinations, delusions, apathy, lack of emotion, disorganized thoughts, difficulty concentrating or following instructions and memory problems. There are no lab tests to diagnose schizophrenia and most times the patient is misdiagnosed with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder or major depression ("Daily schizophrenia news," 2013). There are several major types of schizophrenia but there are five that are more common; disorganized, catatonic, paranoid, undifferentiated and residual. Scientists are leaning toward prenatal difficulties as to the development of schizophrenia with genetics also playing a big part.

Schizophrenia is a complex and incapacitating disorder. It is a disorder marked by significant disturbance in thoughts, perceptions, and moods. The onset of Schizophrenia is said to occur gradually. Symptoms are classified as positive and negative. Positive symptoms or overt behavior not normal in normal individuals include delusions (beliefs that are not reality based), hallucinations (visual and or auditory; sometimes weighted in the individual’s unique cultural experiences), and incongruent or illogical language (Kohn, n.d.). Negative symptoms or absent behaviors associated with normal

Like every mental illness, there is no definitive evidence concerning the etiology of manic-depression, also known as bipolar disorder. The disorder is characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania and occurs in 1% of the population. The depressive episodes can range in severity from dysthymia to major depressive episodes. The major depressive episodes are classified as periods of at least two weeks in length during which sadness, lethargy, insomnia or excessive sleep, increase or decrease in appetite, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts are present. Dysthymia is the milder form of depression, during which suicidal ideation and attempts are not present. Manic

Another type of Schizophrenia is Catatonic Schizophrenia where the patient exhibits extreme behavior. In severe cases the patient can develop catatonic characteristics either with very excited activity like copying sounds and movements or, in other cases, they can seem to be in a stupor where they cannot speak, move or have normal responses. Sometimes the patient can take weird positions with their body and face and other times they can stay still for long periods of time even if they are in extremely uncomfortable positions. Many doctors agree that Catatonic Schizophrenia is the most mentally debilitating of the types. Another type of Schizophrenia is Disorganized Schizophrenia. Like the name suggests, people with Disorganized Schizophrenia have disorganized thoughts, speech, and overall behavior. The patient may have incoherent speech and see no purpose in anything. Disorganized Schizophrenia affects their emotions, making them almost completely devoid of it. They are known to have a blank look on their faces and not being able to do normal daily tasks like basic hygiene. Sometimes, the patient becomes agitated that people cannot

Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder, where an individuals’ contact with reality is lost or highly distorted. According to the psychiatric manual-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), Schizophrenia is characterised by delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech and catatonic behaviour (which is characterised by motor immobility and stupor), social withdrawal, flattening of affect (which is severe reduction in the intensity of affect) and other symptoms that cause social or occupational dysfunction. For a diagnosis the symptoms must have been present for six months and include at least one month of active symptoms.