Malari A Recognizable Disease Around The Globe

Malaria (also called biduoterian fever, blackwater fever, falciparum malaria, plasmodium, Quartan malaria, and tertian malaria) is one of the most infectious and most common diseases in the world. This serious, sometimes-fatal disease is caused by a parasite that is carried by a certain species of mosquito called the Anopheles. It claims more lives every year than any other transmissible disease except tuberculosis. Every year, five hundred million adults and children (around nine percent of the world’s population) contract the disease and of these, one hundred million people die. Children are more susceptible to the disease than adults, and in Africa, where ninety percent of the world’s cases occur and where eighty percent of the cases

Malaria is a life threatening disease that has the capability of impacting the lives of about 3.2 billion people around the world. This large amount of people accounts for almost half of the world 's population. In the United States alone, there are about 1,500 cases of malaria every year. Although Malaria is preventable, and even curable, many countries do not have the money and resources to fight this disease. 1As of 2015, there are 97 countries and territories that are known to have ongoing cases of malaria transmission and there were 214

Malaria kills approximately five hundred thousand people per year. Ninety percent of those deaths occur in the Saharan section of Africa. Although Approximate 3 billion people live in areas where they are at risk of contracting malaria in a total of 106 countries around the world. “There were an estimated 198 million malaria cases worldwide in 2013, mostly pregnant women and children”. (Unknown author, malarianomore.org, 2015) “There are about 10,000 malaria cases per year in Western Europe, and 1300-1500 in the united stated and ….In Saharan, Africa maternal malaria is associated with up to 200,000 estimated infant deaths yearly.” (Wikipedia, obtained 2015)

blood cells. The heparin sulfate has been suggested to be an important receptor for the IT4(var60) expressed by the parasite, once the red blood cell is infected (Angeletti et al., 2015). Using the ITvar60 rosetting variant the study’s objective to establish if binding to receptors occur through the use of a common structurally conserved binding site. The exact mechanism of binding remains unknown, however evidence narrowed down possible ways of neutralizing the infected red blood cells. The possibilities of controlling the infected red blood cells could be executed by directly blocking the binding site, through antibodies, or inducting a conformational change in the target protein once it is bound. Although Plasmodium falciparum is known

According to the health and environment, Malaria is a universal contagious disease and also a tremendous social complication all around the world, especially in South Asia, and Africa. Approximately, 3 billion of the community are in danger of infection in 109 regions. Every year, there is a prediction of 250 million compacts of miasm prominent to 1 million annihilations, particularly adolescents under 5 years old. The structure that causes the greatest unhealthy form of paludism is a imperceptible parasite that is known as the “Plasmodium falciparum”.

Malaria is caused by a parasite that is transferred by a bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. The most deadly form of malaria is known as Plasmodium falciparum because almost all deaths from malaria are caused by strain. In addition to this, falciparum

Malaria is still a principal cause of illness and mortality, with an assessed 19,000 deaths in 2006 (WHO, 2009). In 2007, 38.5% of children below the age of five were positive for malaria parasites in a country widestudy (MISAU-PNCM, 2009).

Half of the world’s population lives in areas that are at risk of this this disease. In 1880 Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran was the first to discover that parasites were found in the blood .It has influeced a lot of the human population as well as human history.In 2013 about 123 million people were diagnosed with malaria killing approximetly 660,000 people of all diferent ages and sizes (cdc, 2013). “Between 2000 and 2015, malaria incidence among populations at risk (the rate of new cases) fell by 37% globally. In that same period, malaria death rates among populations at risk fell by 60% globally among all age groups, and by 65% among children under 5.” (who, 2016). “Sub-Saharan Africa carries a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden. In 2015, the region was home to 88% of malaria cases and 90% of malaria deaths.” (who, 2016).

Malaria affects hundreds of millions of people per year, and in 2013, caused an estimated 584,000 deaths, the highest burden of which occurred in Africa (World Health Organization, 2014a). It is a vector borne illness that is transmitted to humans by being bitten by malaria carrying female anopheles mosquito (World Health Organization, 2014b). Of the approximately half of one million people who die each year of malaria, 78 % of these are children under the age of five, placing them as one of the highest risk groups for malaria (World Health Organization, 2014a). It is essential that the recognition and treatment of a child with malaria happen quickly and efficiently because children have a high risk of rapid disease progression, which if

The economic and non- economic effects of malaria is so dire that the international community cannot ignore it anymore. There is the need for adequate research and funding into the study and proper understanding of the disease so that the proper steps can be taken to completely

Malaria is a growing problem around the world. This disease has taken the life of thousands of people. Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease caused by a protozoan parasite. The protozoan parasite belongs to the family Plasmodium. Anopheles mosquitoes act as a vector for the disease. This means the mosquito will harbor the disease then transfer that disease to a host, such as a human (Krajana et al., 2014). This protozoan Plasmodium protozoan requires two different hosts. It requires a vertebrate intermediate host such as a human and an insect host, also known as a vector which in this case is the

Malaria is a tropical disease which is prevalent in countries across the equator, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. It is spread by Anopheles mosquitoes (infected with plasmodium), which bite the host and inject the malaria parasite (plasmodium) into the blood of the host. [1] After this the parasite travels to the liver where it reproduces. Then it re-enters the bloodstream and reproduces and multiplies inside the red blood cells, as a result of this the infected red blood cells burst, releasing parasites into the blood. The infected red blood cells burst within two to three days of being infected, this causes fevers, fatigue and headaches. The symptoms of malaria can range from diarrhoea and sweating to muscle pains, anaemia due to the loss of red blood cells and even death.

Malaria is a serious infectious disease and sometimes fatal. A parasite known as a protozoan, which is a single celled microorganism that lives within the host is the cause for this potentially deadly disease. In this case, the host is a mosquito. “There are 430 various genus Anopheles (mosquito) species, but only 30-40 species carry the malaria parasite. There are many other species of mosquito’s that do not carry the malaria parasite, approximately 3,500 types in all.” They are broken up into 41 different classes such as the Culex Tarsalis that causes West Nile Virus and many more. Malaria is not contagious in the normal sense of the word. You cannot catch it by sneezing or coughing on someone. Anyone who has the disease will find Malaria in the RBC. The most common mosquito bites that carry the malaria virus are the Plasmodium Falciparum and Plasmodium Vivax, which usually bite from dusk to dawn. The most severe and deadliest malaria is from the Plasmodium Falciparum of the genus anopheles species, found in Africa and New Guinea.

Arthropod transmitted diseases are the cause of high mortality rate in developing countries. Malaria is one of the most dangerous arthropod diseases that concern mostly children under five years old and pregnant women. Malaria is a human disease caused by a parasite called plasmodium falciparum transmitted by infected anopheles mosquitos. Anopheles mosquitos’ mouthpart is called proboscis that sting and sucks on human. The sting of anopheles mosquitos can last up to two minutes. It injects an anesthetic and its saliva in the skin and proceeds to suck the blood of its victim leaving sometimes a small allergy reaction on the skin. People suffering from malaria present the following symptoms: Fever, headaches, cold, stomachache, anemia and so much more. Malaria is a severe disease that contributes in lower levels of educational attainment and higher rates of poverty later in life. In India only, “The treatment for malaria cost per episode in Government Hospitals excluding medication & consultation fees was between 2.43 US$ (Rs 150/-) and 3.25 US$ (Rs 200/-) while in private clinics this figure ranges from 8.93-12.17 US$ (Rs 550 - Rs750/-) which was around 4-5 times higher than in the Government hospitals. The total average of direct cost per malaria episode in Rohtak region was 11.38 US$ (Rs 701/-) while this was 13.31 US$ (Rs 820/-) in Mewat region leading to an enormous cost to households living below poverty line (BPL).” (Estimating the economic burden of malaria and

Malaria is one of the diseases that has caused deaths to many people, more so those living in prone localities. As a result, there is the need for weighty research to be done about Malaria so that better control methods can be mitigated. Even though some works have been done in the study of malaria that has informed the current treatment methods, there is still need for more analysis to help in the regular updates. Therefore, the insights provided hitherto and henceforth are crucial in the understanding and update of effective management and control of malaria. In addition, this gives awareness on the best way of handling a microorganism of clinical importance and determines the causative agents of various diseases to understand how to manage them. It is important to help the individual student to gain skills on how to receiver bacteria from the body of a human being. It places an individual student at the better position to acquire familiarity with the laboratory and clinical practices that help in carrying out the routine identification of bacteria in the samples collected.