Malari Symptoms And Treatment Of Malaria

Malaria (also called biduoterian fever, blackwater fever, falciparum malaria, plasmodium, Quartan malaria, and tertian malaria) is one of the most infectious and most common diseases in the world. This serious, sometimes-fatal disease is caused by a parasite that is carried by a certain species of mosquito called the Anopheles. It claims more lives every year than any other transmissible disease except tuberculosis. Every year, five hundred million adults and children (around nine percent of the world’s population) contract the disease and of these, one hundred million people die. Children are more susceptible to the disease than adults, and in Africa, where ninety percent of the world’s cases occur and where eighty percent of the cases

Malaria has been spread by various factors, from contaminated blood transfusion to mosquitos, being the leading carrier of malaria. It can have damaging effect on the human body, and with it constantly changing, the malaria protozoa becomes harder for doctors to treat. Malaria, causing as 1.2 million deaths in 2011, has had a global impact “(Mcneil 1). It is still heavily impacts people in many tropical areas (“Disease” 202). New natural remedies have been tested to attempt to combat malaria (Avasthi 1).Malaria can have a deadly impact on all types of people, including pregnant women (Gomes 1). The malaria parasite is changing to resist treatments, and doctors are researching how to defeat it (Avasthi 1). Malaria is from genus plasmodium, which

As discussed, because the malaria parasite is not a virus or bacterium, it differs quite a bit from regular pathogens. Thus, explanation is needed about the complex morphology of this organism. Depending on the developmental stage and species, malaria parasites can be spherical, ring-shaped, elongated, or crescent shaped, and can range of 1-20 microns in diameter (Desowitz 89). Because P. falciparum is the most common and deadly species in the genus, it is highly emphasized in research as it will be discussed exclusively in this paper. Falciparum has several important

Furthermore, malaria parasites have a complex life cycle in which they infect humans and are transmitted by Anopheline mosquitoes.The completion of the parasite life cycle was a success and requires specific molecular interactions between the parasite and host or vector tissues. It may be

Past studies have documented the adverse impacts of malaria in Africa on various populations and these are reviewed below;

Half of the world’s population lives in areas that are at risk of this this disease. In 1880 Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran was the first to discover that parasites were found in the blood .It has influeced a lot of the human population as well as human history.In 2013 about 123 million people were diagnosed with malaria killing approximetly 660,000 people of all diferent ages and sizes (cdc, 2013). “Between 2000 and 2015, malaria incidence among populations at risk (the rate of new cases) fell by 37% globally. In that same period, malaria death rates among populations at risk fell by 60% globally among all age groups, and by 65% among children under 5.” (who, 2016). “Sub-Saharan Africa carries a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden. In 2015, the region was home to 88% of malaria cases and 90% of malaria deaths.” (who, 2016).

Although many organizations are fighting against malaria, it is still one of the biggest health problems the world faces today (Autino B, Noris A, Russo R, Castelli, 2012).

Human infections have since been reported throughout the South east of Asia, Northern Asia, Papua New Guinea and recently in northern Queensland. P. knowlesi is now considered by the World Health Organisation as the fifth species of Plasmodium causing malaria in humans.

The successful treatment of malaria infections solely dependent upon the use of the most effective anti-malaria drugs to eradicated the parasite from the individual 's blood. The treatments differ for complicated and uncomplicated infections. The greatest obstacle healthcare workers face is the increased resistance of the Plasmodium parasite to drug therapy. The Plasmodium falciform species has become increasingly resistant in the regions affect by the strain (1).

Malaria is a fever based disease caused by a microscopic parasite that is carried by a vector mosquito. An estimated 247 million cases of malaria occur annually and result in about 1-3 million deaths per year, majority of which are children under the age of 5 (1). In 2010, Malaria caused an estimated 219 (range 154–289) million cases and 660 000 (range 490 000–836 000) deaths of which 80% of the cases and 90% of the deaths were from Africa while the rest were in the South-East Asia and Eastern Mediterranean Regions (2). Plasmodium which is the disease causing organism (DCO) is a genus of a parasitic protozoon in the phylum apicomplexa. This parasite has 2 hosts; a mosquito vector, which is also its definitive host and a vertebrate host, in this case a human which is their intermediate host. Five species of Plasmodium cause malaria in humans: P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale, P. falciparum, and the zoonotic monkey malaria parasite P. knowlesi. Of these, P. falciparum causes severe morbidity and mortality mainly in sub-Saharan Africa (2). The plasmodium parasite is transmitted by a female

There are four species in the Plasmodium Genus that affect humans: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. What people did not know then, was how the protozoan got from

Arthropod transmitted diseases are the cause of high mortality rate in developing countries. Malaria is one of the most dangerous arthropod diseases that concern mostly children under five years old and pregnant women. Malaria is a human disease caused by a parasite called plasmodium falciparum transmitted by infected anopheles mosquitos. Anopheles mosquitos’ mouthpart is called proboscis that sting and sucks on human. The sting of anopheles mosquitos can last up to two minutes. It injects an anesthetic and its saliva in the skin and proceeds to suck the blood of its victim leaving sometimes a small allergy reaction on the skin. People suffering from malaria present the following symptoms: Fever, headaches, cold, stomachache, anemia and so much more. Malaria is a severe disease that contributes in lower levels of educational attainment and higher rates of poverty later in life. In India only, “The treatment for malaria cost per episode in Government Hospitals excluding medication & consultation fees was between 2.43 US$ (Rs 150/-) and 3.25 US$ (Rs 200/-) while in private clinics this figure ranges from 8.93-12.17 US$ (Rs 550 - Rs750/-) which was around 4-5 times higher than in the Government hospitals. The total average of direct cost per malaria episode in Rohtak region was 11.38 US$ (Rs 701/-) while this was 13.31 US$ (Rs 820/-) in Mewat region leading to an enormous cost to households living below poverty line (BPL).” (Estimating the economic burden of malaria and

Malaria is infectious diseases which is caused by protozoan from the genus plasmodium and are single celled organisms. There are different plasmodium species which causes various types of malaria but the most severe and deadly one is caused by falciparum plasmodium. It is believed to be accounting for 92% of worldwide fatalities from malaria, of which the bulk occurs in Africa and largely little kids. The remaining types may include Vivax P, Ovale P, Malariae P, and currently fifth one Knowlesi P.

Malaria is caused by the bite of an anopheles gambiae mosquito with a plasmodium parasite inside. There are four different protozoa, all part of the plasmodium genus, that can cause malaria: Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malaria, and Plasmodium falciparum. In Nigeria 98% of cases of malaria are due to the P. falciparum species, which causes the most severe form of malaria resulting in death (3). Nigeria is affected by malaria severely due to its climate, 70-90 degrees Fahrenheit and at least 60 percent humidity. As the temperature increases the parasite within the mosquito grows increasingly faster. Another factor that is responsible for the severity of malaria in Nigeria is the rainfall which leads to pools of standing water which in turn become breeding areas for mosquitoes

The stressful time which I have encountered in my life is major illness called Malaria. My body was infected with malaria disease and i suffered with bad health for about three months. In the third year of my under graduation i have been attacked with malaria and it affected me allot. I believe it was the last day of the first semester in my third year of my under graduation. Myself came out from the college to my room and i was feeling little dull that day. Slowly there was a slight increase in my body temperature that night and i thought it might be a normal fever. It was a tough time to sleep that night in spite to the raise in my body temperature and even i have suffered with body pains that night. I was all alone in my room that night and moreover i am staying about 300 kilometres far away from my parents to pursue my under graduate studies. That night passed away and the next day in the morning i fell sick totally. There after i cannot have enough strength to do my work. On that day i did not go to my college and there after i made phone call to my relative who lives in the town called Guntur. He arrived to my room in the evening and took me to the hospital. I was starving from the morning because i couldn’t have enough strength to cook for myself as i was totally ill on that day. The doctor prescribed certain Laboratory tests and for the mean time as it became evening he told to take some medicines that might decrease the intensity of my fever. Later in the next