Management Accounting Costing and Budgeting

While we are performing our analysis on different aspects of the company, we look at the three main types of cost. When we remain devoted to improving our costs, and the faults related, we show our same devotion to our consumers. This is portrayed by the quality of products we put on the shelves. Prevention costs, appraisal costs and Failure costs are areas

In exams, you will not have demonstrated your understanding of the answers to these exercises if you seek only to memorise them. You are encouraged to use tutorial time to discuss issues that will test and clarify your understanding of these exercises, as well as expanding your analytical and critical-thinking skills. 2.5 Costs can be classified and reported in many different ways, depending on the purpose for which managers will use the information. Students should be careful how they interpret this phrase. It is not really different costs but the same bundle of

Cost analysis: fixed versus variable costs direct versus indirect costs; traditional costing and activity based costing

INTRODUCTION Businesses – from manufacturing, merchandising and service industries alike – take careful consideration in the analysis of their costing systems in order to be able to set up competitive prices in the market. Misallocation of costs may lead to incorrect price estimates, continuous production of unprofitable products, and ineffective processing schedules. In this case study, we will discuss the costing methods which Zauner Ornaments have used or is currently using and, in conclusion, be able to distinguish the advantages and disadvantages of each costing method. CASE CONTEXT The case seeks to assist Zauner’s comptroller, Yu Chia-yi, in determining the best costing method for their overhead costs. In addition we also aim to

A direct cost can be traced to a product or service which includes: Direct labor- which is the cost of the labor that’s directly connected to a product or services. Direct labor is sometimes called touch labor, since direct labor workers typically touch the product while it is being made.( Ray H. Garrison, Eric W. Noreen and Peter C. Brewer p 39-40) An example of direct labor is an assembly line worker. Labor cost that cannot be physically traced to the creation of products, or that can be traced only at great cost and inconvenience, are considered to be indirect labot.( Ray H. Garrison, Eric W. Noreen and Peter C. Brewer p 40) Direct material are those materials that become an integral part of the finished product and whose cost can be traced to the finished product.( Ray H. Garrison, Eric W. Noreen and Peter C. Brewer p39-40) Manufacturing overhead is the third element so manufacturing cost, it includes all costs of manufacturing except direct materials and direct labor. Manufacturing overhead includes items such as indirect materials; indirect labor; maintenance and repairs on production equipment; and heat and light, property taxes, depreciation, and insurance on manufacturing facilities. Only cost associated with operating the factory are consider to be manufacturing overhead cost. A company also incurs other costs associated with its selling administive functions, but these costs are not included as part of manufacturing overhead. Only those

The decision to implement a new or change a current product costing system requires a lot of research and pre-planning. In order to determine the most effective product costing system management must decide which costs should be included in the product costs, at what level will direct costs be tracked, how indirect costs will be structured, and when to capture the indirect costs. Once all the costs have been identified and organized into fixed, variable, or overhead categories, management must then decide which product costing system would provide the output information necessary for important business decisions.

Manufacturing costing methods are accounting techniques that are used to help understand the value of inputs and outputs in the production process. By tracking and categorizing the information according to a rigorous accounting system, corporate management can determine with a high degree of accuracy, the cost per unit production and other key performance indicators. Management needs this information in order to make informed decisions about the production levels, pricing, competitive strategy ,future investments and a host of other concerns .

Costing Method is an accounting process that assesses itemized input costs of production and fixed costs to determine overall costs of production. (Kucera, n.d.) Competition Bikes is performing this analysis so management can determine the optimum sales units to breakeven from its San Diego plant based on the current sales mix of 9 Titanium bicycles for every 5 CarbonLite bicycles produced.

In this following document you will find 4 different job costing activity’s and for each of these I will be using a appropriate costing system for each .Also I will be explaining when a Company would use job costing, process costing, marginal and activity based costing. And I will be detailing the advantages/disadvantages of each method.

Executive summary: This assignment deals with the evaluation and calculation of cost accounting. In this assignment, we will discuss about the different types of costs that is related with the company, different methods of cost evaluation, appropriate techniques of cost accounting, preparation of routine cost report, to Use performance indicators to identify potential improvements, improvements to reduce costs, enhance value and quality, the purpose and nature of the budgeting process in business, appropriate budgeting methods for organization, Preparation of budgets according to the chosen budgeting method, Preparation of cash budget, Calculation of variances, identify possible causes and recommend corrective action etc.

Cost accounting has been of great help to the business management because of various roles it plays. The information cost accountants offer different uses, some of which aid in the controllership function, as well as the industrial role. Firstly, cost accounting is useful in estimating costs and in setting prices of various products. In businesses where the cost of a good is grounded upon its estimated cost, cost accounting does a very significant use in making sure that a correct approximate is prepared (Meigs, 1998). Labor hours and essential materials are usually provided by engineering. Cost accounting uses these data and adds predicted disparities grounded upon historical performance of related goods to get a selling price. Cost accounting also utilizes labor degrees, taking into concern expected inflationary issues resulting from fluctuations in the economy (Foster & Baxendale, 2013). Cost accounting plays a vital role in helping the leadership of an organization make important decisions on a number of issues that include:

In the world of accounting, cost accounting serves as managers go to system for cost information. As previously mentioned, cost accounting is a specialized subset of accounting that collects, determines, classifies, and interpret the cost of products or services. In addition, the concepts of cost accounting are to account for the incurrence and control of cost and measure the operating efficiency of a company on a periodical basis. “Cost accounting, as defined here, deals with the rest when, and if, such measurement helps management drive the organization to work better and cost less.” (Geiger, 1995, pg. ).

According to an accounting textbook, cost is defined as a resource sacrificed or foregone to achieve a specific objective. It is something given up in exchange. It is necessary for project managers to understand project cost management since project costs money and consumes resources.

E. Variable costs - A few needed to complete this project costs- variable cost, the cost of direct

With the help of case studies of Siemens Electric Motor Works, John Deere Component Works, and Schrader Bellows, Cooper (1989) demonstrated that the ‘management objectives’ and ‘diversity of product mix’ determine the extent of the complexity in the design of activity-based cost management systems. The competitive environment in which the firm is operating, drives the need for activity-based costing.