Essay about Management Accounting

• A situation where a reduction in production will result in less overhead allocated to the respective product

The timing of capacity changes also needs to be taken into consideration to achieve maximum efficenty given that demands of their products varies with seasonal changes. The ability to react to market demand changes quickly will determine manufacturers flexibility in keeping up with these demands. Manufacturers needs facilities to produce, whether warehouses to store its raw materials or finished goods, or manufacturing plants to produce their products. Services facilities are needed by certain manufacturing industries such as consumer electronics to cater for returns. Distribution centres also determine the efficenty of production distribution and un-nesessary inventory holding will result in higher holding cost. Such facilities require large investments and are integral of the manufacturer’s supply chain strategy and thus proper planning is needed when making these decisions regardong the size, location which affect the overall operations. How manufacturers run their productions also determine how successful will they be in terms of productivity and quality levels. Different types of equipment and processes also affect the cost and output of the manufacturing plant. Information systems that flow both upstream and downstream affects the forecasting, planning, inventory and production levels, they must be robust to ensure the manufacturing firm is able to react accordingly to changing demands and variations. In addition to their internal environment,

This was favorable, but the Efficiency Variable was 100,000 unfavorable. This suggest that Competition Bike received a great price, but with the unfavorable Efficiency there were a lot of left over materials suggesting the material might not be the best quality. Direct Labor had a 150,000 Unfavorable Variance, but had a 50,000 favorable Efficiency Variance. The labor cost was up due to the high skill level needed for the bike manufacturing. The 50,000 favorable Efficiency Variance enabled the high skill labor to perform the task very efficiently. The Manufacturing Overhead had a 24,000 unfavorable Price Variance, and a 2426 unfavorable Efficiency Variance. The Advertising Cost had a 5,000 unfavorable Price Variance and a 1246 favorable Efficiency Variance. This suggest that Competition Bike spent more on Advertising in order to boost lagging sales, and the favorable Efficiency Variance shows that even though more was spent than budgeted, the money spent was efficient and worth the increase. The Transportation Out had a 3207 unfavorable Price Variance and a 2400 unfavorable Efficiency Variance. This suggest that Transportation cost were up due to increased fuel cost, and this increase in cost resulted in unfavorable Efficiency Variance due to transporting fewer bikes with increase in fuel cost.

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found out that despite this cost reduction in material cost, the costs of producing the low -end units for

The sluggish sales in the furniture industry can account for the increase in inventory days. Haefren inventory in 1994-1995 stayed on the floor for around 129 days before it was sold. The longer period that they are holding inventory is increasing their cost of goods sold. Not only are they holding inventory for a longer period of time, but they are also underutilizing their fixed assets.

Excess inventory leads to additional costs. Designs should favor just in time production. There should be no stockpiling of raw materials and parts.

Because, in first months we will produce more than what we will sell so the expense for storage and inventory will increase under the level monthly production.

• At the maturity stage, the extra cost, although very small, can be a real disadvantage because during this period, the market becomes very competitive and many players enter the same field causing price to drop. Customers also become more price-sensitive. However, the benefit of better forecasting demands significantly helps lower the level of inventory.

Because the product was leaving the warehouse and getting to stores quicker, I was able to reduce the storage space which was an initial problem so the increase of costs because of it decreased. The stores showed a moderate increase in profit.

As a result of this overproduction, another negative effect of just-in-case manufacturing is a decrease in cost efficiency. The most obvious costs would include storage and warehouse expenses (Conrad “The Advantages of…”). In order to have these large inventories, there have to be places to hold such large quantities of goods. Storage costs comprise of preserving the accumulated product to ensure that it functions properly. If the cars or parts are unable to perform, stock might have to be discarded, increasing physical waste. The products lost mean that money and opportunity for profit are lost. In addition to storage costs, there are also warehouse expenses, in which energy consumption, personnel, and assorted equipment are needed to maintain the facility and product. Since our just-in-case manufacturing method requires that we make large amounts of cars, we need places to store them. The more product, the more warehouses, which means there are more warehouse costs that will diminish any profit that we make.

By resolving these issues, we can come up with a recommendation that will justify the Sales Department’s need to adjust the current selling prices of their products.

The information used to calculate the total direct material and total direct labor variances are retrieved from the cost/ price variance and efficiency variance data. The material variance is zero, meaning there have been no changes for the cost of materials. The labor variance was favorable due to a fall in the labor rate. The efficiency variance for direct labor tells management how efficient the direct labor was in making the actual output that was produced by the direct labor. With that being said, in this case it is considered unfavorable. This is because, both the labor rate and efficiency of the labor has been reduced. The areas that should be reviewed at Peyton Approved include product design, reduction of scrap,

But a portion of these savings would be offset by higher storage costs, that is $115,000. This will increase the operating expenses in $10,000 approximately each month. ( Exhibit 1).

Many losses arise due to over stocking and defective store keeping. Adequate attention is necessary towards storage of stationery and supplies. Proper storage ensures safety from leakages, spoiling, theft, pilferage, moisture etc., Ready availability of items, saving in cost, time and labour etc