Management Accounting Project Report - Cvp Analysis for a Firm Under Expansion Phase

If the cost system reported sales volume and/or price we would be able to conduct an activity analysis to determine an appropriate cost function to determine the best cost driver for each product.

The company can afford to invest more fixed costs and variable costs (shifting assets from “A” to “C”) for additional “C” capacity thereby maximizing capacity utilization.

The breakeven point is used my companies to prevent loss. The Cost Volume Profit (CVP) is the tool in which to capture the breakeven point. Sometimes it is referred to as the breakeven analysis. The CVP assists the company in identifying future operation need, production costs, and expansion possibilities based on estimating costs, prices, and volumes. This profit response can help Competition Bikes determine the amount of needed sales, what products to manufacture, pricing policies, marketing strategies, and how much profit is actually needed. In this analysis we will assume

As a firm grows, it must invest in new assets to support increased sales volume. The investments in new assets must be financed with some combination of increased liabilities and increasesd equity.

According to, Skills for Business Decisions, “Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis examines changes in profits in response to changes in sales volumes, costs, and prices.” (Kimmel P.D. 2009) A company’s profit is the CVP profit equation of Profit = Revenue – Expenses. A Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis consists of five basic components that include:

In our analysis we determined the equations for total cost and marginal cost using the average cost obtained from the regression model provided, and the fixed costs estimates in the collected data calculated by a previous resource endorsed by the company. Once we have determined the marginal cost equation, we calculated the output for perfect competition profit maximizing criteria P

An alternative method for determining the profit-maximizing quantity is to determine where marginal costs equal marginal revenue. Instead of calculating profits for each level of sales, total variable costs and total revenue are calculated. Marginal costs and marginal revenues are calculated in the same manner as marginal profit, thereby determining the amount of change for each level of sales (Huter, 2012, p.2).

It helps managers a lot in evaluating future courses of action regarding pricing and the introduction of new services. CVP analysis or Breakeven is used to compute the volume level at which total revenues are equal to the total costs. When total costs and total revenues are equal, the organization is said to be “breaking even”. Managers can utilize P&L statements which are used to project profit or net income. P&L statements can be developed to serve decision making purposes. These can be created for any subunit within an organization, whereas income statements are created only for the overall accounting entity. Break even analysis contains important assumptions and is very essential to the managers to determine whether assumed values can be realistically achieved. Managers can perform CVP analysis to plan future levels of operating activity and provide information about:

This shows the income of the sales revenue which is being made by the business. Also it analyses how well a business uses its assets and liabilities

Break even analysis can be used to decide whether to alter the existing product emphasis or not. For example in this case, if we refer last year’s data, we can see that the product C is not economically feasible to manufacture at $2.40 / unit. Following table gives the analysis for checking whether the company can afford to invest in additional “C” capacity.

Improving the quality of the product. This would result in an increase in the variable cost per unit by shs 30.

The Coca-cola company is a homogeneous product manufacturer company. With 1.7 Billions units sold a day, the company is the largest soft drink manufacturer in the world and hence it becomes important to have a simple accounting system to determine how much these products should be sold at. The process costing determines the average cost for each unit so that it is easy to sell both a large amount of products or a small amount and understand how much profit is being made on the products. This type of accounting system would not be as effective if the company was creating many different items that had different costs of tasks throughout the process.

Based on the real world functioning of businesses, every organization that deals with the process of manufacturing of certain products operates in accordance with the main principle of maximizing its profits. During the performance of daily activities, many business managers face a series of questions related to planning, control and decision making. In order to give answers to all these questions, an additional analysis needs to be considered. It is very important for managers to plan carefully how they are going to generate sufficient money to pay down costs and, in this way to result with a profit. As managers are interested in having the adequate information about the influence that certain actions might have on the profitability of the business, "Cost Volume and Profit" analysis plays a significant role by being a potential tool in facilitating the process of making the right decisions regarding planning and control in order to add value to the company. (Trifan and Anton, 2011). To further illustrate the essential impact that CVP analysis has on management authorities in making better decisions, I will refer to and analyze the case of the Hampshire Company which follows as below.

Some of the assumptions of CVP as outlined by accountingformanagenment are: selling price is constant regardless of volume change, costs are linear, with multi-products the sales mix is constant, and manufacturing companies inventories do not change (N.D.). Because of the assumptions

Cost behavior is one of the most important aspect which helps in analyzing the nature and responses of different costs. Generally the cost behavior is breakdown of costs into fixed and variable components. The cost behavior is usually analyzed with the help of CVP analysis. The cost behavior patterns are analyzed by cost-volume-profit analysis, including the calculation of a firm 's break-even point in units and sales dollars.