Management Of Hyperthroidism. Needs Assessment

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, also called Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system attacks the thyroid gland. It was named for the Japanese surgeon who discovered it in 1912 The thyroid is a small butterfly shaped gland in the front of the neck. The thyroid makes hormones called T3 and T4. These hormones regulate metabolism. The thyroid is controlled by hormones of the pituitary gland, which is also called the “master gland.” It is a pea-sized gland located in the base of the brain which, among others, makes thyroid stimulating hormone, or TSH. TSH stimulates the thyroid to make thyroid hormone. With Hashimoto’s disease, the thyroid cells are damaged resulting in the inability to make enough thyroid

Week 3 – LOM Assignment The thyroid is responsible for taking iodine and converting it into thyroid hormones which are released into the blood stream and transported throughout the body where they control metabolism.1 The thyroid is a vital part of the human body as every cell in the body depends on it for metabolic regulation. Too much or too little thyroid hormone secretion can result in hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is caused when the thyroid secretes too many thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism causes a rapid heart rate, elevated blood pressure and tremors. Other symptoms include increased nervousness, inability to concentrate, weakness, restlessness, difficulty sleeping, frequent bowel movements, weight loss and irregular

Thyroid research came about after a paper published in 1850, written by Thomas Curling talking about two girls who had severe malformation and were placed in an idiot asylum. One of the girls, 10, could not walk or talk very well; the other, 6 months, “was plump but had a marked idiotic expression, a large face with a small

The thyroid is a small gland that rests in the lower neck. It is in charge of controlling the body’s metabolism by producing hormones (such as T3 and T4) that tell the body’s cells how much energy to use (2). The pituitary gland is in charge of monitoring the quantity of thyroid hormones in the bloodstream (2).

So how does all this link together? Lets start with the thyroid, a butterfly shaped gland found in your neck that produces two types of hormones Thyroxine (T4), which is the inactive thyroid hormone and triiodothyronine (T3) the active form. Both these hormones are necessary for all the cells in your body to function properly. For our thyroid hormones to do their job T4 needs to be converted into active T3 and twenty percent of this conversion happens within the gut flora of the large intestine, due to an enzyme that is produced by the good bacteria in your gut. Imbalances in the gut microbiota can significantly reduce the conversion of T4 to

Thyrotoxicosis is a clinical condition caused by excess circulating serum thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), or both with suppression of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). A negative feedback loop involving the hypothalamus, pituitary, and thyroid gland regulates the production and release of thyroid hormones. (Fig. 1) The hypothalamus releases thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH), stimulating the pituitary gland to release TSH, in turn stimulating the thyroid gland to release T4 and T3. Enhanced production of T4 and T3

The thyroid gland is the gland that makes and stores hormones that help regulate the heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and metabolism. Thyroid hormones are essential for the function of every cell in the body. They help regulate growth and the rate of chemical reactions in the body. Thyroid hormones also help children grow and develop. The thyroid gland is located in the lower part of the neck, below the Adam's apple, wrapped around the trachea. It has the shape of a butterfly with two lobes attached to one another by a middle part called the isthmus. The thyroid uses iodine, a mineral found in some foods and in iodized salt, to make its hormones. The two most important thyroid hormones are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine

Like many other organs and cells in the body, the heart is affected by decrease secretion of thyroid hormone. The heart mainly relies of T3, for it is the hormone that is transported into the myocytes. T3 binds to thyroid hormone receptors, which is the start of its many cellular actions. The activation of T3 in the myocytes is responsible for systemic vascular resistance, heart rate, contractility, and blood volume. In primary overt hypothyroidism, there is a hyposecretion of T4 and T3, which affects the cardiovascular hemodynamics. If there is not a sufficient amount of T4 to convert to T3, then there is not enough T3 available for the myocytes to carry out their cellular reaction. As a result, there is a decrease in cardiac output and cardiac contractility with an increase in peripheral vascular resistance. People with cardiovascular dysfunction due to primary overt hypothyroidism typically present with bradycardia, hypertension, dyspnea on exertion, and edema. However, most of the cardiovascular dysfunction responds well with thyroxine replacement therapy (Danzi;

The thyroid gland is the gland that makes and stores hormones that help regulate the heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and metabolism. Thyroid hormones are essential for the function of every cell in the body. They help regulate growth and the rate of chemical reactions in the body. Thyroid hormones also help children grow and develop. The thyroid gland is located in the lower part of the neck, below the Adam's apple, wrapped around the trachea. It has the shape of a butterfly with two lobes attached to one another by a middle part called the isthmus. The thyroid uses iodine, a mineral found in some foods and in iodized salt, to make its hormones. The two most important thyroid hormones are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine

The thyroid stimulating hormone receptors are G-protein linked and are found extracellularly in the thyroid glands. When activated, synthesis of hormonally active iodothyronines T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) begins (Park and Chatterjee, 2005). This process begins with iodide is transported into the thyroid gland by the sodium iodide symporter found in the membrane of thyroid follicular cells (Park and Chatterjee, 2005). The iodotyrosine residues monoiodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine are then formed through iodine organification where the iodide is oxidised using hydrogen peroxide and then bound to tyrosine in the thyroglobulin (Park and Chatterjee, 2005). The residues then bind together to form the hormonally active iodothyronines aforementioned (Park and Chatterjee, 2005). Many catalytic enzymes mediate this process and are needed to ensure proper thyroid hormone synthesis. Failure in any steps of the synthesis process leads dyshormonogenesis and could be the result of genetic defects. Adequate synthesis of active thyroid hormone is necessary for the regulation of many developmental processes (Richter, C. et al.,

The thyroid is a part of the endocrine system. The thyroid produces two hormones that affect metabolism, heart function and brain development. The hormones also helps regulate body temperature, weight and skin dryness. The two hormones that the thyroid secrets is triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Thyroid-Stimulation hormone (TSH) is secreated by the pituitary gland, also part of the endocrine system, regulates the production on thyroid hormoes. If thyroid hormones are low the pituitart gland releases more TSH and if the thyroid hormones are hign less TSH is released. If someone is has Hashimoto’s disease the function of the thyroid and pituitary gland is affected and starts to decrease the thyroid hormones in the body and causes the pituitary gland to release more TSH into the

Thyroid Function Tests: The thyroid’s job is to make thyroid hormones, which are secreted into the blood and the carried to every tissue in the body. The major thyroid hormone secreted by the thyroid gland is thyroxine, also called T4 as it contains four iodine atoms. T4 is converted to T3 (triodothyronine) by removal of iodine atom. It occurs mainly in liver and in brain. The amount of T4 produced is controlled by another hormone which is made in the pituitary gland located at the base of brain, called thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). The amount of TSH is in the blood depends on the amount of T4 that the pituitary sees. If the pituitary sees very little T4, then it produces more TSH to tell thyroid gland to produce more T4.When T4 in the bloodstream goes above a certain level, the pituitary’s production of TSH is shut off. The thyroid and pituitary act like heater and a thermostat. If it’s cold the thermostat reads the temperature and turns on the heater. Thus, the thyroid and pituitary, like heater turn on and off. T4 and T3 circulate almost entirely proteins, and when these proteins change their level in the blood, there is change in T4 and T3 levels.

The thyroid gland is found in the front of the neck and produces two main hormones. The hormones are called thuroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3). Together these hormones regulate the body’s metabolism by increasing energy use in cells, regulate growth and development, help to maintain body temperature and aid in oxygen consumption. These two hormones are regulated by hormones produced by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The hypothalamus senses changes in body’s metabolic rate and releases a hormone known as thyropin-releasing hormone (TRH). This hormone then flows through connecting vessels to the pituitary gland which signals it to release another hormone. This hormone is known as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH then makes

Disturbed thyroid gland bring a number of health issues with it. Thyroid is one of the most important gland of our body that contributes in producing hormones that carry out energy, overall health and metabolism related functions. Malfunctioning in thyroid can bring up a number of health problems including heart diseases, weight loss or gain and hair loss etc. There are basically two main problems attached with thyroid glands, one is hyperthyroidism which leads to excessive production of hormones and the other one is hypothyroidism in which there is underactive thyroid functioning.

The thyroid is a small gland in the front of the throat. The thyroid gland is part of the endocrine system. It is release T3 and T4 that control metabolism - the way our body uses energy, stay warm and keep the brain, heart, muscle and other organ activity normally.