Management Principles and Practice

Management is the allocation of scarce resources against an organization 's objective, the setting of priorities, the design of work and the achievement of results. Most important, it 's about controlling.

Management is a planning and controlling process for reaching organizational goals by working with peoples and other organizational resources.

“Organizational Management and Leadership” defines planning as “the development of goals, which leads to the development of an overall strategy for achieving those goals. Planning can be performed at all levels of an organization. Supervisors are planning when a weekly work schedule is put together for hourly staff. Top executives are planning when they define the mission statement of the company and determine how the organization can maintain its competitive advantage.”

Organizing is a function of arranging people and resources to work towards goals. To achieve those goals in effective and efficient manner it is important to have a good knowledge of the team’s skills. Lack of motivation in the team, fear of undervaluation or poor attitude could fail the goals and on the other hand enthusiasm, motivation and given responsibility can bring successful results in reaching the goals. In other words the company’s objectives can be failed if the wrong person is chosen for the task. Manager is a person who chooses

Organizing: this is the management function of gathering and coordinating the different systems and departments to function properly and benefit the financial situation of the organization.

To accomplish the goals outlined during the planning phase managers need to link employees, responsibilities, and resources together through organisation. Henri Fayol stated that “To organize a business is to provide it with everything useful or its functioning i.e. raw material, tools, capital and personnel’s”.

"Management manages by making decisions and by seeing that those decisions are implemented." - Harold S. Geneen

 “Management is an art of getting things done through and with the people in formally organized groups. It is an art of creating an environment in which people can perform and individuals and can co-operate towards

Is the process and the first function of management, which is the basis for other administrative functions. Planning is a continuous process that involves determining the way things go.

“Management is active, not theoretical. It is about changing behaviour and making things happen. It is about developing people, working with them, effort to achieve objective and goals.”(L.Mullins, 2010. P, 425)

* Management = process of coordinating and integrating work activities in order to achieve goals and objectives of the business.

For managers to be successful they have to be able to plan accordingly. Any good manager can understand the importance of planning, because it is one of the most basic functions of managerial skills. A goal has to be established and strategies have to be conveyed to the subordinates. For example, If I’m a manager I will engage

According to Philip Kotler "planning is deciding in the present what to do in the future. It is the process whereby companies reconcile their resources with their objectives and opportunities” (Abuvelan 2007: 36). Further research shows that planning is “the process of setting performance objectives and determining what actions should be taken to achieve them” (Schermerhorn 2010: 9). By taking this into account I can therefore identify that planning allows managers to identify key decisions and prepare for

Management can be defined as the art or act of doing things or activities through the efforts of other people to accomplish desired goals. It deals with the organising and coordination of people, activities, materials, machines and money.

Management is a term that was derived from the French word menager, meaning “to use carefully,” and the Italian word maneggiare, meaning “to handle,” and was originally applied to horse training. Contemporary management is an ongoing process by which managers create, direct and maintain organizations through coordinated human effort to ensure that their organization’s resources are used appropriately to attain the highest level of performance and productivity. It is the fundamental integrating process designed to achieve organized, purposeful and meaningful results. Management is working with and through individuals or groups to accomplish organizational goals (Book, #). In recent years, management has evolved from the manager being the sole governance of the organization to a more team-oriented approach (Book, #). An understanding of management can help ensure continuity, promote good human relations and contribute to increased performance.