This section provides an introduction to the different types of research paradigms and methods before concluding on the approach that this study will undertake.
Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically. In it we study the various steps that are generally adopted by a researcher in studying his research problem along with the logic behind them. It is necessary for the researcher to know not only the research methods/techniques but also the methodology (Kothari, 2004).This chapter discusses the research methodologies and generate relationship among the objectives of this research and the strategies of the study.
Once a researcher has developed a research question they are seeking to answer, they must consider what methodologies and methods they will employ in the research; what theoretical perspective lies behind the methodology;
Rebecca Adams is a second grade girl who struggles with reading, writing, and maintaining attention. A case study was developed revealing these symptoms indicate that she may be suffering from dyslexia and a mild attention deficit disorder. The case for this diagnosis must be proven and explained in order for the education committee to take further action.
There is a particular way in which all research works are carried out. It starts with an issue. It is usually in the form of having little knowledge about the particular subject, knowledge gap or it is some kind of a puzzle. The next step once the identification of the problem is made, is to go through all existing relevant studies in an organized manner to identify potential visions or gaps. The third step is to narrow down the problem to make the hypothesis. When the research is at its end, it should either approve or dismiss the hypothesis. After the third step, the researchers must design the type of research they want to do. Then they must choose a method to successfully conduct the research.
The beginning of knowledge comes from metaphysics, theological and positivism. And these put much on a critical stance in the discourse of method. Little (2011), explains that method is a prescriptive body of doctrines to guide inquiry. The ideal of understanding social world underlies in whether to embrace and use principles and guiding procedures of the natural world where positivism dominates in the epistemological consideration. This method has a considerable influence onto social scientist, in promoting the status of survey research and the quantitative analysis (Atkinson and Hammersley, 2007).
Methodology refers to a system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity. It is not a formula but a set of practices which can be used to conduct a research approach, research method, questionnaire design, sample size, primary research, secondary data, and others. For the purpose of doing methodology and explain about the research flow and also the lastly most important things which is to showed the capability of the research flows.
The pursuit of truth: Epistemology provides understanding for the reader to gain insight to the way that humans process and react to truth. Epistemology is the pursuit of intellectual virtue. It wants to provide an evidentiary basis for belief, rather than one of just opinion. Entwistle then brings up another important topic which is Metaphysics. Metaphysics can be defined as the philosophical investigation of the nature, constitution and stature of reality. Philosophical anthropology attempts to validate assumptions made by theologians and psychologists about human nature and behavior (Entwistle, pp119).
The epistemological perspectives of positivism and social constructivism can often be seen as direct opposed views on knowledge. A positivism approach involves accepting knowledge of things “that have been verified by the scientific method of formation and testing” (Pool, 1999, Pg. 91). Positivists focus on the falsification of things and insistence on their verification. Scientist, Karl Popper, brought new ideals to this approach by making light on the fact it is not possible to prove something true, but it can ultimately be proven true by never being proved false which can provide you with long term approximations for knowledge. (Pool, 1999, Pg. 92). The social constructivism approach answers the issues addressed that the positivism
Ontology is the question of the nature of the reality. It deals with what exists, and what the reality of the situation is currently, recognizing that reality can and will change. It assists in defining the views and assumptions of the researcher (Kramer-Kile, 2012).
This data was then taken and a regression model developed to extract the stated research and ultimately assumptions made. Schommer-Aikens and Hutter (2000) in turn came to the same assumptions and epistemological commitments already held within social and physical science to date. The research quantified and validated the assumptions held by historical science that one’s epistemological beliefs are shaped and re-shaped by the ability to link through learning, multiple perspectives, and ultimately the development of epistemological beliefs. The ability for humans to use successfully address complex issues, attain paradigm shifts in their understanding of the world and develop are inevitably linked with thought processes and knowledge gained through higher education.
Case studies are an important research method in areas where innovations are studied. They enable us to study contemporary and complex social phenomena in their natural context. Over the years researchers working from both epistemological perspectives have addressed important methodological issues. A case study is expected to capture the complexity of a single case, and the methodology which enables this has developed not only in the social sciences, such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics, but also in practice-oriented fields such
This part will presents the details of the research design and methodology that use to conduct the study and it will includes: research design, population and sampling techniques, data source and data collection methods and finally research procedures and data analysis methods will be presented.
Research is important both in scientific and nonscientific fields. In our life new problems, events, phenomena and processes occur every day. Practically implementable solutions and suggestions are required for tackling new problems that arise. Scientists have to undertake research on them and find their causes, solutions, explanations and applications. Precisely, research assists us to understand nature
In doing the research, the methodology must be appropriate so that the analysis findings could reach the objective. Research methodology proposed one procedure in order way to be follow to answer all the questions in the research that want to be made. Quoted by Denzin and Lincoln (1994), methodology is a process that related with research objective and data. In the others word, it is early research planning that include the research scope, data collection method, data collection process and data analysis method. For Ranjit (2005), methodology is one of crucial part in research, in order to ensure the research can be done in the systematic way Overall, this chapter will discuss on the research frame and the methodologies used in order to meet the research objectives. Research process been divided into three main parts there are preliminary research part, data collection and last one data analysis.