Mandatory Genetic Screening Research

One of the benefits of prenatal screening is to enable early detection of the developmental defect embryology. This embryology developmental defect may be due to the mutation or genetic inheritance. Mutation is a condition characterized by permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. It can range in different sizes from a single DNA building block (DNA base) to a large segment of a chromosome. On the other hand, genetic inheritance is a condition whereby parents pass traits such as height and other characteristics to the children by chromosomes. “Sonograms, genetic tests and a new test called pre-implantation genetic diagnosis -- which is a genetic test conducted on embryos for people attempting pregnancy through in vitro fertilization -- allow women to better predict if the infant will have a genetic defect” (New York Times Magazine, 2006). Thus thorough these tests, medical practitioners are able to identify and make early preparation toward any abnormalities of the fetus.

As you can see genetic testing is very important and can affect a child's and parents lives for the better and the worst. Children all over the world have serious genetic diseases that affect their life on a daily. Some of these diseases are Achondroplasia, Down syndrome, and Turner's syndrome. Many believe genetic testing is a good way to test for these genetic conditions before the child is even born, but others think that it can harm the baby very badly and even cause a miscarriage, so they choose not to do this kind of testing. Knowing about the most serious genetic diseases is very important for expecting parents to be informed as well as being

Genetic testing identifies changes in ones genes and chromosomes. These changes often lead to diagnoses of conditions, disorders, or diseases. Through testing, “one can confirm or rule out a suspected genetic condition or help determine a person’s chance of developing or

Embryonic screening allows for the elimination of inherited diseases before birth or a treatment plan before birth. In breast cancer patients, genetic testing allows the physician to know if chemotherapy is necessary, which would expand treatment options. Genetic testing could eliminate years of experimental testing and medication use used to diagnose a new disease. Overall, genetic testing is in alignment with the core medical philosophy that early prevention leads to early treatment, which leads to an overall better outcome for the patient.

In this critique, I will be discussing my opinion on Mr. Pollard’s article about genetic screening. These genetic screening began in the 1960’s and since then they have found themselves in the middle of major controversy throughout the years (Press, 2008). Genetic screening a series of test performed when a mother is pregnant in order to figure out whether or not her child may have a developing disorder. Some genetic screening are also performed after the baby is born. Genetic screening can play a major role in personal parenting decisions and medical treatment if and when deemed necessary. Although genetic screening has much debate surrounding it, testing for any potential disorders and diseases can be live saving.

What impact does genetic screening test results have if you can’t afford to treat it? Before anything, one must start basic and understand that genetic screening is the process of experimenting to test the blood flow and circulation. This act indicates which disease is most likely going to strike inside your body. If any, this process is convenient because the fact that the results give you more time to treat it. According to the very many righteous people the life of a human - being comes before the act of discrimination reaching them. Eventually if reports are isolated then most will be going to the insurance company scamming their system, than they will make lots of insurance money. Therefore not all people are / should be entrusted with insurance money trust, the citizens could make over a hundred thousand dollars.

In one side if the results are negative will provide great relief and peace of mind, while a positive result will facilitate the prognosis, early treatment and a positive effect on quality of life and life expectancy. Two important examples of the benefit of having more access to genetic information are the newborn screening and cancer screening. The first one allows the detection and early management of serious conditions such as phenylketonuria in newborns. The second one is of vital importance in the early detection of cancer as long as the evaluation and follow-up in those patients who have higher predisposition to suffer this disease. The regular screening of prostate, breast, and ovarian cancer, to mention some, have helped to identify individuals at risk based on their family history and to improve the management of the condition increasing their regular check-ups

You are sitting in the counselor's office, waiting. You are staring at the walls, trying not to think about what you are considering, but still thinking about it. Will I get cancer? Do I have the gene that will increase my likelihood of getting cancer ? My grandmother had cancer. Two of my aunts have had cancer. What about me? If I have this test, what happens then? The door opens and in walks the counselor. Time to find out about genetic screening.

The subject of newborn genome screening is one that is highly controversial. Everyone would agree though that newborn children should be protected, and given every opportunity to grow up to become healthy and strong. Screenings are a testing procedure which is done when a baby is first born, or within a couple days of birth. A small blood sample is collected from the baby’s heel; it is then sent to a lab for processing. The baby’s blood is then tested (screened)for a variety of diseases and medical conditions. These conditions include sickle cell anemia and other hemoglobin disorders; conditions where a child is unable to process certain nutrients (such as

New born screenings have been implemented since the 1960s. More 44 states advocate for 21 of 29 screenings and yearly newborns go through screenings for genetic defects. The intention of new born screenings is to identify genetic conditions before traits occur for early treatment. For instance, PKU screenings pinpoint infants therefore a calculation of diet is given to prevent mental retardation. Unfortunately, not all conditions are treated the same with the use of dietary measures, it even goes as far as medical procedures. Diagnosed defects include developmental delays, neurological defects and increase in morality. Even more some are left without treatment being of its rare condition and become therefore become a patient in waiting. In

Since their development and introduction to the field of medicine more than a century ago, genetic screenings have become incorporated in many fields of healthcare, including reproductive health and cancer prevention. Genetic screening is a method of identifying genetic disorders through the study of an individual’s DNA. They can be used to determine predisposition for various disorders such as Alzheimer’s, breast cancer, and sickle cell anemia. Genetic screenings inform individuals about their state of health and can help them make efficient choices in regard to disease treatments and prevention; however they have not gone without controversy. Many feel that such screenings can cause stigma and discrimination against individuals who have

Genetic screening is the testing of variations in gene sequences in protein or DNA. Protein screening is easier, but DNA screening is more powerful. It is a 'physical screening for a protein or genetic abnormality that may allow detection of a disorder before there are physical signs of it, or even before a gene is expressed if it acts later in life.' (web). This is a technique that is used on nonhuman species such as plants and some animals and is not questioned. The real question is if we should use it on humans.

The second goal of genetic screening is the provision of reproductive information. Through simple techniques such as serum enzyme determinations and hemoglobin electrophoresis it is possible to identify individuals possessing genes that will cause serious disease in their offspring. Screening is most efficient if it is conducted to discover couples who are carriers of recessive disease inducing genes that can be diagnosed through amniocentesis. Examples of such diseases are Tay-Sachs disease, Beta thalassemia, and possibly sickle-cell anemia. It was specifically the screening for the Tay-Sachs trait, which began in 1971 that became the model for all carrier screening to follow (Gitzelmann 1982).

The successful mapping of the human genome is a huge step for science, but as every action has an equal and opposite reaction, every new scientific discovery brings with it equal amounts of benefit and detriment. With access to the human genome comes the ability to fight back against genes with life-altering capabilities. With this new power scientists have the ability to check the likelihood of someone to develop ailments such as cancer and heart disease. On the other hand, to be able to see these genes means to be able to distinguish desirable from undesirable, an action that can drastically affect the lives of others and maybe even the views of their societies.

Though genes often have more than one use, for example, a gene that controls intelligence could also control anger management, you could end up with a genius, but very angry child, the technology has the ability to potentially eliminate the age barrier, and allow humans to live much longer than they are able to do today. The lifespan of a body 's cells could be lengthened, and regeneration of those cells stretched by several years, which raises many questions around ethics. One question is around compliance and the fact that genetically altered babies have no say in what is being done to their bodies before birth. Another is the fact that genetic testing is likely only something the wealthy will be able to afford. This may result in class wars and cause a great deal of resentment. Also, another question is around genetic engineering may cause overpopulation if humans are living longer, but there is no denying the benefit that this technology could also hold the promise of preventing genetic abnormalities that may be passed on to future generation^6.