Marcellus Pipeline Formation

The Keystone XL Pipeline will provide a secure and reliable source of oil for the United States. The southern portion of the pipeline alone can “ transport 830,000 bpd of crude from Cushing, Oklahoma to Gulf Coast refineries” (Kalen). The Keystone XL pipeline is necessary to keep up with consumer demand as the supply from Mexico and Venezuela decreases continually. The oil imports from Mexico and Venezuela are unreliable and are continually declining; therefore, the Keystone XL Pipeline will provide a reliable source of oil for

The pipelines are drilled down far into the earth and then span out horizontally. Huge quantities of water combined with sand and chemicals created "fracking fluid", which is pumped down the pipelines. Fracking enables us to reach natural gas that was not usable before. Natural gas is a better alternative to coal, which does not burn as cleanly. However, harmful substances are contained in the fracking fluid that is pumped into the pipes to crack the shale and release natural gas. Sadly natural gas is not the only thing flowing back up the

The Keystone Pipeline already exists and runs from “oil sand fields in Alberta, Canada into the US, ending in Cushing, Oklahoma” (What is the Keystone XL Pipeline?). The current topic concerning this pipeline is the expansion of the pipeline to create the Keystone XL Pipeline, which will consist of “1,700 new miles of pipeline” (What is the Keystone XL Pipeline?). This project would offer expansion from Cushing, Oklahoma to the Gulf Coast of Texas, “where oil refineries abound”, and expansion from Alberta to Kansas, allowing for the pipeline to “pass through a region where oil extraction is …booming” (What is the Keystone XL Pipeline?).

As a way to directly link the unrefined tar-sands oil from Alberta, Canada to the refineries in Texas, there is no doubt that the Keystone XL Pipeline remains a topic of controversy. As with many large projects, there are both positive and negative consequences that result from its construction. While there are potential economic benefits like the creation of infrastructure-related jobs and a potential shift from energy dependence, there are many dangers to the building of the pipeline. The notion of building a pipeline that connects Canada and the United States for economic reasons is neither completely unjustifiable nor unreasonable, but given the current circumstances, in which ecological damage and neglect on the part of TransCanada are likely, I cannot support the building of the Keystone XL pipeline.

The North Dakota oil pipeline, also known as the Bakken pipeline project, is a controversial underground pipeline development in the United States initiated in the year 2014. It is an access pipeline scheme approximated to run over 1,172 miles or 1886 km underground with 30-inch diameter pipeline from the Bakken oil field in North Dakota to Patoka in Illinois. The plan of the project is that the construction should be in a somewhat straight line from North Dakota, through South Dakota, Iowa to Illinois, with a completion time estimated to be by the end of the fourth quarter of 2016. The projected budget for the accomplishment of North Dakota oil pipeline is $3.7 billion raised through loans and shareholders’ contributions. Upon its completion, the pipeline will transport over 470,000 barrels every day with a potential to transport in excess of 570,000 barrels daily, which constitutes over 50% of the current crude oil production in Bakken per day (Energy Transfer).

The North Dakota oil pipeline, also known as the Bakken pipeline project, is a controversial underground pipeline development in the United States initiated in the year 2014. It is an access pipeline scheme approximated to run over 1,172 miles or 1886 km underground with 30-inch diameter pipeline from the Bakken oil field in North Dakota to Patoka in Illinois. The plan of the project is that the construction should be in a somewhat straight line from North Dakota, through South Dakota, Iowa to Illinois, with a completion time estimated to be by the end of the fourth quarter of 2016. The projected budget for the accomplishment of North Dakota oil pipeline is $3.7 billion raised through loans and shareholders’ contributions. Upon its completion, the pipeline will transport over 470,000 barrels every day with a potential to transport in excess of 570,000 barrels daily, which constitutes over 50% of the current crude oil production in Bakken per day (Energy Transfer).

I am a concerned citizen of Lynchburg and inquiring about the pipeline that is planned to be built. The pipeline is six hundred miles long, and has been in the works since 2014. The pipeline which is a natural gas transmission pipe line and the goal is to bring Marcellus-Utica shale gas to Virginia and North Carolina, is being built by Spring Ridge Constructors LLC. The pipeline´s objective is to bring natural gas to those who do not have energy or a supply.

The Bakken pipeline is a controversial issue of the Midwest. This pipeline starts from North Dakota and it goes through South Dakota to Iowa and Illinois. The Midwesterns are upset by this, because it goes through their land and could cause potential problems to the land in the future for our children to deal with and clean up after our mistakes.

The Keystone Pipeline is a crude oil pipeline that runs from Canada to the United States. The original pipeline goes through most of Canada before crossing over the border into the United States, running its way down into Illinois. The proposed Keystone XL pipeline extension provides a blueprint for the extension to go from the origin point in Alberta through the American prairie states into Nebraska connecting into the original pipeline and adding a new line going from the original pipeline in southern Nebraska into Texas and the Gulf of Mexico. Although the Keystone Pipeline provides a great service for the United States and Canada for the transportation of oil, there are some

“The world is looking at us, you’ve gotta be lowering your greenhouse gas emissions, not increasing.” said Senator Ed Markey about the keystone pipelines. Keystone pipelines is an oil sand pipeline system, started in June 2010, that runs from Western Canadian Sedimentary Base in Alberta through refineries in Illinois and Texas and also to oil farms and pipelines in Cushing, Oklahoma. TransCanada Corporation first proposed the this project on February 9, 2005. However, this existing pipeline is expected to have 1,700 new miles of pipeline added to it, Keystone XL Pipeline, two new sections of expansion. This is called the Keystone XL Pipeline Extension and it was proposed on January 22, 2008. The first new section would connect Cushing,

Spill, baby, spill: As Sierra Club’s Michael Brune puts it, "It's not a question if a pipeline will malfunction, but rather a question of when." And, though they spill less often than trains do, the International Energy Agency found that pipelines spill much more in terms of volume—three times as much between 2004 and 2012. The Bakken Pipeline's route takes it through active farmland, forests, and across the heartland's major rivers: The Big Sioux, the Missouri, and the Mississippi, some with multiple crossings, though the US Fish and Wildlife Service claims that no "critical habitat" is endangered. It also runs through sacred Native American lands (more on this below).

The Energy East Pipeline is a project proposed by TransCanada for converting an old natural gas pipeline into one that transports 1.1 million barrels of crude oil a day from Alberta/Saskatchewan to eastern refineries and a marine terminal in New Brunswick. The project’s formal application took place in October 2014, the project will stretch 4,600 kilometers; the exact route of which will be determined when the project gets farther in its design process. (TransCanada, The Project section, para. 1)

Pipeline transportation is a process which can be used to transport natural gas from discovery areas or refinery plant to its distribution station, its length is generally from hundreds to thousands of kilometers. It has already had 130 years history, its development is closely related to the improvement of oil and gas industry as one of the main way to ship oil and natural gas. Modern pipeline transport began in the mid-19th century, the first natural gas pipeline around the world has been built at 1886 in Pennsylvania of American but its further development is beginning in the 20th century. With the expansion of natural gas industry after World War II, countries in the world have begun to build considerable natural gas pipelines, the length of global main pipelines have exceed 1,600,000 Kilometer so far. Currently, it has already become an important way to transport a large quantity of natural gas on land. This essay will show the efficiency of natural gas pipeline transportation in safety, stability and economy aspects. In addition, pipelines can enable natural gas transport more secure, stable and economical. Pipelines’ safety will be discussed in the first, following this, the essay will show that pipelines are easier to maintain a stable operating condition. At last, the economy of pipelines will be given.

Keystone pipeline is a proposed crude oil pipeline that would be built from Hardisty, Alberta all way through Steele, Nebraska. It would stretch for 1,179 miles and it would transport up to 830,000 barrels of oil per day. The project was proposed by Trans-Canada to the United States government in 2005 and since then, it has been a controversial subject between the two neighbouring countries. The company argues that the pipeline would support more than 42,000 direct and indirect jobs while reducing American dependence on foreign oil by 40%. The president has the veto power over the decision on keystone and so far nothing has been agreed on with both parties. The project is currently being reviewed by the U.S senate.

The Keystone XL pipeline is a proposed expansion of the current Keystone pipeline that would cover over 1,700 miles from Alberta, Canada to the Gulf Coast of Texas. The purpose of the pipeline is for the transport of extracted tar sands from Canada to the Gulf Coast refineries and ports for export. The proposed pipeline would cross 1,073 rivers, lakes, streams, and the Ogallala aquifer. The Ogallala aquifer is one of the largest in the world. It provides two million people with drinking water and more than a quarter of America’s agriculture with water for irrigation. There would be a large ecological impact, affecting communities and destroying habitats. Building Keystone XL would add 27.4 million metric tons of carbon pollution to the atmosphere per year, adding to the global climate change dilemma. Aside from the damage as a result of constructing the pipeline, oil spills cause contamination and are costly to cleanup. The company proposing the expansion, TransCanada, has stated that thousands of jobs would be created. In fact the project would only create thirty five permanent jobs with the remainder consisting of temporary or contract work (“Stop Keystone,” n.d.).