Marcus Garvey Research Paper

Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois are similar to each other but disagree on plans for African Americans social and economic progress. “Booker T. Washington, educator, reformer and the most inflectional black leader of his time (1856-1915) preached a philosophy of self-help, racial solidarity and accommodation.” Washington encouraged African Americans to take on discrimination and focus on educating themselves through hard work and discipline. He believed that education was the answer to how African Americans can prove themselves to whites without anger and hatred. Washington believed that this would win the respect of whites and African Americans would be accepted as citizens into society. “W.E.B. Du Bois, a towering black intellectual, scholar and political thinker (1868-1963) said no--Washington's strategy would serve only to perpetuate white oppression.” Du Bois was one of the founders of the NAACP (National

It is evident that Washington felt that the best way for blacks to better their future was to make themselves a necessary need in society. Therefore, he urged blacks to deal with discrimination for the time being and focus on economic prosperity for themselves through hard work and vocational training believing that it will pay off. For example, Washington believed that an educated black would eventually win the respect of whites and lead to blacks being accepted into society. He felt that speaking up would do more damage to the black race. Granted that he promoted segregation to maintain a racial identity, he states, “To those of my race who depend on bettering their condition in a foreign land or who underestimate the importance of cultivating, making friendly relations with the Southern white man, who is their next door neighbor, I would say: Cast down your bucket where you are,” “cast it down making friends in every manly way of the people of all races by whom we are surrounded.” (Atlanta Cotton States) Washington believed that people should make the most of any situation they are in.

Booker T. Washington’s philosophy and actions betrayed the interests of African Americans because he was more interested on the blacks getting educated and getting the respect of the white authorities, instead of worrying on getting their political and social equality right away, which was the main interest of the African Americans. In “The Atlanta Exposition Address”, Washington said that blacks would sacrifice their civil rights and social equality for the time being, as long as whites guaranteed that they would receive industrial education and jobs because he believed that in order to fully obtain equality, the blacks should improve themselves. “It is at the bottom of

He termed Washington’s accommodation to white supremacy “the Atlanta compromise” (692). Because he thought African Americans needed their right immediately, he founded along with others the N.A.A.C.P (National association for the advancement of colored people) in 1909 (692). Through this association, they would push hard for civil right through political action through court cases that they would protest unfair treatment and also fight for

Washington’s Up From Slavery, Garvey pledged to organize Blacks throughout the world with an agenda of Black unity and pride. Moreover, Garvey achieved his greatest influence in the Untied States where there was a growing ambition among Blacks for justice, wealth, and a sense of community. From the time of World War I, up until the mid-1920’s, Gravey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association(UNIA) was the largest Black organization in African-American history. An estimated million men and women from the United States, the Caribbean, and

In one site, Booker T. Washington, the most influential lieder of his period (1856-1915), who was born as a slave in 1856 (Virginia), who because of studying in the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute. Learned the skills he needed to be respected by the withes society and gain considerable influence over the black people. Washington philosophy was based on self-improvement, education, accommodation and others. He preaches that African American rather than concentrate their effort in combating segregation, they should be focus in self-improvement, education and wealth. He encourages Young African American develop patience, commercial agricultural skills and others instead of instead of

Washington’s speech in Atlanta, Georgia is what made his career really take off for being an African American activist. His speech was directed towards both white and black races. He told them that both the races need to surround each other with one another and to try and overcome this inequality. In Clashes of Will it states, “Specifically Washington reminded the blacks in his audience that they must be prepared to start at the bottom as workers, not executives, as grade school teachers, not university professors; that they would have to earn the respect of whites rather than demand it as a right guaranteed by law….” Another accomplishment he set out for was creating the National Negro Business League. The organization promoted the businesses that were owned by African Americans and to help them feel that they were supported and protected. The main goal of the National Negro Business League was to advocate the sales of the Negro community businesses. Booker T. Washington’s baby was the Tuskegee Institution, a black college. Washington even offered DuBois a job three times to teach at the institution but he denied them all three times because he did not believe in the same morals as Washington. Washington was quite clever. When he had his hand in the businesses he managed to become familiar with wealthy white businessman that generously donated to the funds of the black education. One of the contributors was Andrew Carnegie, leading entrepreneur for the steel

In his 1901 autobiography Up From Slavery author, educator, and orator Booker T. Washington chronicles his rise from Virginia slave to President of Tuskegee Institute. The work outlines Washington’s roadmap for racial uplift which is centered on agricultural and industrial education. Washington argued that hard work and virtuous living — traits instilled African Americans during slavery— would demonstrate the value African Americans possessed to the South and the nation. Operating within the political realities of the time, Washington was able to mobilize a coalition of middle-class blacks, church leaders, white philanthropists, and politicians from the North and South to build Tuskegee Institute and his vision for the African American community. However, Washington’s strategy asked for African Americans to put aside immediate demands for voting and the end of racial segregation. Washington’s willingness to publicly side step these civil rights issues to advocate for slow progress towards true equality earned him powerful critics such as NAACP president W.E.B. DuBois and journalist William Trotter. By the time of Washington’s death in 1915, Jim Crow laws entrenched segregation throughout the South. Washington’s plan for racial uplift was pragmatic and realistic. However, his advocacy for dignity in labor played into white stereotypes that black men and women were made solely for labor.

of the races, and accommodation. He urged blacks to accept discrimination for the time being and concentrate on elevating themselves through hard work and material prosperity. Washington believed in education, industrial and farming skills and themes of patience, owning busineses and thrift. This, he belived, would win the respect of whites and lead to African Americans being fully accepted as citizens and integrated into all stagesof society. Washington's thinking was one of accommodation to white oppression. He advised blacks to trust southern whites and accept the fact of white supremacy. He stressed the interdependence of blacks and whites in the South, but said they were to remain socially separate: One of Washington's famous quotes was "In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress." Up from slaves 1901p.Washington counseled blacks to remain in the South, obtain a useful education, save their money, work hard, and purchase property. By doing such things, Washington believed, the Negro could one day be a full fledge citizen.

Washington believed that once African Americans had gained that economic foothold and proven themselves useful to whites, social equality would be given to them

Lastly, Du Bois and Washington's individual experiences are historical in the fight for black equality. The two men both lived very fulfilling lives dedicated to their life work of the black cause. Washington began his educational career at the age of 16 at the Hampton Institute while performing janitorial duties to pay his board. After graduating he returned back to West Virginia and taught adults and children. He then went away to study at the Wayland Seminary in Washington D.C. where upon his completion joined the staff at the Hampton Institute. Years later in 1881 he was asked to be the president of the Tuskegee Institution which promoted literacy among freed blacks. Here began the monument of his life work, for the rest of his days would be spent supporting the school. Then, the year 1895 marked a turning point in his life when he gave the Atlanta Compromise Address speech that would outline his beliefs for the rest of his days. Furthermore, in 1900 with help from T. Thomas Fortune the creation of the National Negro Business League happened with Washington the first president. He even accepts and invitation by Andrew Garrison to go to Europe and preach his words of wisdom. The book ends with a speech before a mixed crowd of black and white to the City Council of Richmond, Virginia, and Washington never feeling more hopeful for the African-American race. Like

John Wayne Gacy was born on March 17th,1943 in Chicago Il. He was the second out of three children to be born to Marion Elaine Robinson and John Stanley Gacy. In his early childhood, Gacy’s father was a very abusive alcoholic not only to him and his siblings, but to his wife as well. Gacy had a lot of love and respect for his father even at a young age. His father often called him degrading names such as ‘’Sissy and Queer’’. He and his sister’s would be beaten frequently if they did anything “wrong” in their father’s eye’s. He was close to his sisters and mother but not as close as a ‘’normal’’ family would be. Gacy stated in an interview he never felt like he fit in when he was younger. When Gacy was twelve years old, he was struck by a swingset

Washington was urging African Americans to work and achieve economic success assuring them that it would pay off in due timing. He wanted them to be humble and patient in return the day would come when white Americans would see that blacks truly deserved to be treated fairly. Washington also urged the white American's to join with the African American’s instead of being fearful and against them. Washington stated both could “be as separate as fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress.” Washington was urging white American's to trust African American's, instead of them relying on foreign immigrants. He wanted white

In many ways it could be argued that Marcus Garvey was the most significant African American civil rights leader of this time because of his role in tackling the social issues African American’s faced. He aimed to improve the lives of African Americans by encouraging them to take control of their own affairs and education. His role surrounding this issue is illustrated by his founding of the UNIA. This Universal Negro Improvement Association was an organisation dedicated to racial pride, economic self sufficiency and the formation of an independent black nation in Africa. Through this and the magazine the ‘Negro World’ he urged African Americans to be proud of their race, and argued “a people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots”. It has been said that through Garvey’s dedication to social improvement for his race he managed to capture the imagination of many blacks for whom the American Dream was a dirty joke.

He founded the Negro World newspaper in 1916. The Negro World was a newspaper that told the story of an African American throughout the normal day. It talked about all of the abuse and all the harsh things that had happen to the African Americans. He was also a leader of a group called the Universal Negro Improvement Association(UNIA). During World War I, the UNIA was the largest Black secular organization in the African American History.