Marcus Garvey Research Paper

Booker T. Washington and Marcus Garvey shared some similar ideologies, however to a large extent Washington’s philosophies contradict Garvey’s outlook on African American society. Washington was known for accommodating the white people’s desires. For instance, “he advised African Americans to accept segregation, work hard for the friendship of whites, and achieve economic equity”. Washington probably encouraged African Americans to accept their circumstances, because he knew that fighting against norms would be a difficult task to accomplish and he wanted the race to better themselves through hard work during an era of prejudice. This belief contradicts Garvey’s ideas, because Garvey believed that pleasing the white man was the issue that prevented African Americans from being viewed as equals in the society. Although both men believed that working hard would gain Blacks an advantage in their community, Washington advocated for satisfying the white man while Garvey’s thoughts of Black Nationalism lied in the separate rights of Blacks and keeping the white man out of their way to success. Garvey’s ideology to promote economic equality of the black race was not liked by the white race, and compared to Washington’s policy of accommodation and gradual progress, was more acceptable to whites.

Soon after World War I, Garvey concluded that the anger that engulfed many Black communities after the war could be used as a catalyst to end both imperialism in Africa and discrimination in the United States. He combined the economic nationalist ideas of Booker T. Washington with various Pan-Africanist idealists of the time. Garvey’s goals were modern and urban. He wanted to end imperialist rule and create modern societies in Africa. He formed black communities on three continents with his newspaper the “Negro World ,” and in 1919 he established the Black Star Line, an international shipping company to provided transportation and encourage trade among the Blacks in Africa and Blacks in the United States. In the same year he founded the Negro Factories Corporation to establish such

Born Jan. 24th 1996, Marcus J. Washington born in Silver Spring,MD but was raised in Bowie,MD & Edgefield, South Carolina. Marcus knew there was something in him that would separate himself from the rest. He wasn't no normal kid who just live life and go about his day. He has always wanted the best for him and found himself doing new and creative things.

At the beginning of the book, Haley describes how Malcolm’s father, a Baptist Minister, played an enormous role in his life. He taught Malcolm how be a strong independent man and provided him with a structure of beliefs. Most of his beliefs came from the teachings of Marcus Garvey, the founder of the U.N.I.A (Universal Negro Improvement Association), which was dedicated to raise the banner of black purity and exhorting the Negro masses to return to their ancestral African homeland. Haley then moves on to explain how Malcolm and his family faced a lot of discrimination throughout their lives. X even drops out of school at age 15 because his teachers told him that a black man will never become a lawyer. Malcolm would then go down a slippery slope using and selling drugs.

Robert Moses has become a controversial figure in urban planning. He has built many important buildings, roads, and parks that make New York City the special place it is today. However, he has destroyed many old neighborhoods and created a different sense of community. Do you think he will be remembered as a positive or negative influence on the growth and development of NYC?

Martin Van Buren was the eighth president of the United States. He was born on December 5th 1782 which was 6 years after the United States had gotten their Independence from Britain. His parents were both Dutch but his father was a tavern keeper and a farmer in Kinderhook, New York. He married his cousin his childhood sweetheart Hannah Hoes. They had 4 children then she died of tuberculosis, and he never got married again their children's names were Abraham Van Buren, John Van Buren, Martin Van Buren, andSsmith Thompson Van Buren.

Martin Van Buren was the eighth President of the United States. His ideas and actions have changed the U. S. both for the better and for the worse. His solutions and actions have affected the U. S. from his pre-presidency, to presidency, and post-presidency.

By 1919 the UNIA reached its peek with about 2,000,000 members and hundreds of branches worldwide. Marcus also founded the Negro Factories Corporation (NFC) which its purpose was to promote black economic independence by providing money and labor to black business owners. It also helped to build factories in the United States, Africa, Central America, and the West Indies. He also founded the first and, to this day, the largest black-owned multinational businesses, the Black Star Line (BSL), which focused on purchasing boats and serving an international shipping triangle that would return black people to their homeland of Africa. The shipping triangle revolved around the United States, West Indies, and Africa. Marcus Garvey not only founded companies or groups, but he also founded the Negro World in 1918, which was the leading black weekly and soon had 50,000 readers in the United States, Latin America, the West Indies, and Africa. Due to it’s content of black equality and freedom, the British and the French banned it from their African colonies. Even leaders who did not agree with Garvey’s ideas appreciated his efforts to build black pride and political independence (Kranz, Koslow 86).

Also during this time Marcus Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL), in which they both aimed to bring opportunities into the African American community. Not only did this help make African Americans feel proud of their race, but it also brought them together, not only in New York, but all over the country. They soon began to create a lifestyle for themselves that was equivalent to the White Americans and began to advance in the areas of jazz music, art, and literature. All this is what was starting to become known as the Harlem Renaissance.

According to Marcus Garvey, the “Negro’s greatest enemy” were white people and politicians. Essentially, politicians, of every race, were blocking his efforts. Garvey communicated that there was no solution to this problem, unless black people created their own country. This would have given them economical and social freedom. Since God was their inspiration, it was always intended that everyone was free, and not was not to be enslaved by others. Garvey thought that no one should ever feel superior, when it came to race. Although, Garvey did not outright convey who the “enemy” was, it can be interpreted that white people were the enemy.

Established in 1909 as an attempt to combat the racial hatred and discrimination that plagued the era the NAACP emerged. By supporting such cases such as Moore V Dempsey, Guinn V United States and Brown v Board Of Education, the group’s influence in both modern day and past civil rights movements is irrefutable. With this in mind this group has also had its pitfalls and has not always, still to this day, have the support of the entire black community for varying reasons. Marcus Garvey was a major activist voice that vehemently disagreed with the goals and tactics of the NAACP.

Nonetheless, Garvey’s vision for Negroes was that we can do anything that we set our minds to regardless of the circumstances that we could face. Garvey writes, “ Let no man pull you down, let no man destroy your ambition, because man is but your companion, your equal; man is your brother; he is not your lord; he is not your sovereign master”. (p.1003) Garvey’s vision to the Negroes was that man is not the one you live for, God is the one who will be their with you to the end and he will never leave you.

By 1900 Southern states passed many laws that would formally segregate everything. During the 1920s Marcus Garvey believed in empowering blacks economically. He founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association based in Harlem, New York. Deemed The Harlem Renaissance, it was the center of black politics and culture. In 1936, “Gallup polls estimated that 76 percent of Northern blacks had voted for [Franklin D. Roosevelt].” Some of the New Deal programs by FDR offered federal and state aid to African Americans. As the black vote became critical to the Democratic Party, the administration was more receptive to African Americans demands. “FDR appointed the first federal black judge and the unofficial Black Cabinet to investigate civil rights abuses and advise him on racial matters.” World War II would provide an opportunity to cease racial prejudice. At first, wartime industries refused to hire blacks and FDR issued an executive order that “. . . forbade discrimination in the defense industries and government . . . and established the Fair Employment Practices Committee to handle complaints of discrimination.” During the war almost one million blacks served including having the first African American general in the United States Army. Although the military was still segregated.

In many ways it could be argued that Marcus Garvey was the most significant African American civil rights leader of this time because of his role in tackling the social issues African American’s faced. He aimed to improve the lives of African Americans by encouraging them to take control of their own affairs and education. His role surrounding this issue is illustrated by his founding of the UNIA. This Universal Negro Improvement Association was an organisation dedicated to racial pride, economic self sufficiency and the formation of an independent black nation in Africa. Through this and the magazine the ‘Negro World’ he urged African Americans to be proud of their race, and argued “a people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots”. It has been said that through Garvey’s dedication to social improvement for his race he managed to capture the imagination of many blacks for whom the American Dream was a dirty joke.

Pan Africanism, in its fundamental definition, implores the black population to pursue self-dignity and self-determination in bettering their situation and becoming equal to the majority population; W.E.B. Dubois and Marcus Garvey, while both active Pan-Africanists in theory, have different goals and perspectives on the ways in which the racial problems should be approached. The central differences between Dubois and Garvey lie in their adolescent upbringings, and permeate through adulthood to form opinions about the history of colonialism and imperialism that separated society as a whole. In many ways, class structure ultimately shapes the views of a person towards themselves as well as society in general — as we compare and contrast