P1: How marketing techniques are used in 2 organisations
Definition of marketing – Marketing is the action of promoting a service or product including market research and advertising.
This includes the 4P’s which are:
Product – The item you are selling
Place – Where the product is going to be sold
Price – How much the product is going to cost
Promotion – Publicising a product and increasing people’s awareness of the product
Companies main objectives when advertising are to make profit and expand the company. The bigger the company, and the more well known, the higher the gain on the market share.
Definition of market segmentation - Market segmentation is the process of dividing the population of possible customers into different
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Ansoff Matrix Strategy
Market penetration - Maintain or increase the market share of current products
Market development - Growth strategy where the business looks to sell its existing products into new markets.
Product development - Suitable for a business where the product needs to be unique in order to remain competitive
Diversification - Growth strategy where a business markets new products in a new market
Sports Direct uses the market development strategy from the Ansoff mix strategy. This is where Sports Direct looks into other countries and their markets to see if they would have a chance opening a store there. Sports Direct is now expanding rapidly and now in 19 countries in europe including Poland, Belgium and France.
On the other had Apple uses three of the four strategies. It uses market penetration, market development and product development. Apple try to increase the market share of current products of iPhone 5’s and 4’s by lowering their prices and doing sales promotions which will attract new customers. Apple could also increase their market share by doing special promotions for families such as selling a Mac and 2 iPhones at a discounted price which will attract a wider range of target market.
Apple’s market development uses different marketing techniques such as advertising on TV and social media. They do this to make as much profit as possible as well as to be very well known and recognised. An an example of this is that when
Sales - Apple has a specific functional area based on sales. The sales department of a business handles how the products will be sold and helping customers find a suitable product for their needs. They organise sales promotions (or advertising), respond to customer enquiries about their products, and negotiate discounts for customers; which enhances customer satisfaction and keeping customer records up to date. E.g. Apple found that distributing their phones to sell at other shops would broaden their market and create a lot of word of mouth which would be essential to the growth of the business. The shops they distribute the phones to always try to find ways to discount their customers which always creates customer satisfaction.
Market development is when a company is using an existing product but is marketing it in a new market such as other countries. This increases popularity for the service and the company.
Marketing – The process of creating, distributing, promoting, and pricing goods, services, and ideas to facilitate satisfying exchange relationships with customers and develop and maintain favorable relationships with stakeholders in a dynamic environment.
What Is Market Segmentation? Market segmentation is a way of dividing the market into groups of consumers/customers which share similar features
According to Horner and Swarbrooke (2005: 39), Segmentation may be defined as the process of dividing a whole market into subgroups or segments for marketing management purposes. Market segmentation is the division of the overall market for a service into various categories with common characteristics. In response to different segments, organisations facilitate the available resources to achieve greater efficiency, in order to satisfy specific needs of customers.
Market segmentation: The process of dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers who might require separate production or marketing mixes (Wells, Burnett, & Moriarty, 2006).
Market segmentation is a marketing strategy that involves dividing a broad target market into subsets of consumers who have common needs and applications
“Apple uses promotional and advertising tools to capture the attention, interest, and desire of the consumer. Apple captures our attention and interest through innovating and sleek imagery of their products on Apple's official website as well as keynotes and other publication” (Villefranche, 2011). For example Apple just released the I phone 5 which was highly anticipated and the publicity that Apple had prior to the release was tremendous and also brought in many new customers. It has been said that the first weekend the I phone 5 was available they sold 5 million phones. Apple made a plan and set up objectives and goals that they desired. Through integrated marketing they have met those goals and it allows for them to set higher goals and reach them as well. Apple also knows their competitors very well and this allows them to be in this market and compete very well.
Another definition of marketing is the "selling of products or services: the business activity of presenting products or services in such a way as to
Even though Apple has encountered many setbacks, it continues to bring new and improve products to the market. Apple’s competitive strategy has been innovation. They have made an extraordinary effort developing, implementing, and executing its very unique strategy through innovation which has resulted in new product, and the enrichment of the existing ones. More specifically, Apple attempts to meet and supply the needs of a global market, by offering eager and enthusiastic consumers with innovated and high-quality products and services. Apple has employed a differentiation strategy linked to innovation with its three core products (computers, personal media player, mobile phones, tablets and other accessories). A key piece of their strategy involves meeting the needs of the converging digital electronics and computer markets. Apple has elected to implement its strategy by designing and developing proprietary operating systems and software technologies, thus allowing for strict protection of its intellectual rights.
Over the past seven years, Apple has seen great success due to its imaginative and fresh way to do the business. Through continuous innovation, Apple has developed a series of exceptional products with imaginative design and style. Specifically, Apple has made its products popular among the customers through effective marketing strategy. To some extent, innovative marketing, and sleek and enticing communications is the primary reason for the success of Apple. Therefore, it is of great significance for us to analyze the marketing strategy of Apple, so as to learn from the previous experience as well as find out the aspects that need improvement.
Marketing strategy is the goal of the increasing sales and achieving the sustainable competitive advantages. Marketing strategy includes all the basic and long-term activities in the field of the marketing that deal with the analysis of the strategic initial situation of the company and the formulation, evaluation and selection of the market-oriented strategies and therefore it contributes to the goals of the company and its marketing objectives.
While researching marketing from different websites and textbooks I have come across many definitions for the word ‘marketing’. Marketing is the science and art of exploring, creating, and delivering value to satisfy the needs of a target market at a profit. Philip Kotler (2008).
Market segmentation was to dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, charactistics or behaviour who might require separate products or marketing mixes, the company will first
Definition of Marketing – Marketing can be defined as the process of converting wants into needs. In other words it can be defined as the process of selling products or services to the customers by an organisation.