Mary Banneker Research Paper

In 1791 Benjamin Banneker, the son of former slaves, astronomer, and almanac author, wrote a letter to Thomas Jefferson, in a courteous but forceful manner, challenging the framer of the Declaration of Independence and secretary of state on the topics of race and freedom. He touches on the topics of the way blacks were treated and seen by the common white American citizen and how it is an injustice. In his letter, Banneker uses ethos, logos, pathos, repetition, syntax, and juxtaposition to sympathize with Jefferson about former hardships to perhaps reach common ground.

Benjamin Banneker was a free African American who lived during a time when slavery was still prominent in America. As a free African American, Banneker knew the joys of freedom. In 1791 he wrote a letter to Thomas Jefferson in which he urged Jefferson to put an end to slavery in America by using his powerful influence in the government. Jefferson, a slave owner himself, was a major supporter for independence during the American Revolution; in this letter to Jefferson, Banneker wants to show him that he is contradicting his previous beliefs by not abolishing slavery. Banneker aims to use Jefferson’s own experiences and principles in order to persuade him to get rid of slavery in the states. Banneker is very passionate in his letter to Jefferson, expressing an intense urge for the abolition of slavery. Banneker mainly integrates the mechanics of appeals to logic and ethics, strong diction and logical rhetorical structure in order to persuade Jefferson.

Benjamin Banneker, the son of former slaves, writes to Thomas Jefferson in 1791 in an effort to denounce slavery in the United States. His letter was written in an era during a time which slavery was commonly practiced in the United States. In his appeals, Benjamin touches on topics of the cruel way blacks were treated and attempts to persuade Thomas Jefferson to reconsider his tolerance of such a heartless system. In his letter, Banneker utilizes ethos, pathos, logos, textual citation, and textual citation to relate to Jefferson about past hardships to possibly accomplish shared view.

In 1791, Benjamin Banneker, the son of former slaves, writes to Thomas Jefferson, hoping to convince him and other supporters of slavery that supporting the institution of slavery is hypocritical. Drawing comparisons between the colonies under Great Britain and the enslavement and oppression of African Americans in the United States, he reminds Jefferson that America’s newly acquired freedom was a blessing granted by Heaven. Banneker utilizes a civil and courteous tone, religious allusions, and analogies to convey his feelings on slavery to urge Jefferson to take advantage of the power and position he has to work towards ending slavery.

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In 1791, a former slave’s son, Benjamin Banneker, wrote to Thomas Jefferson to persuade him on a very important topic. Banneker wrote Thomas Jefferson with the motive of persuading Jefferson to see the injustice of slavery. Banneker used several rhetorical strategies to achieve his motive such as; tone, pathos and ethos, and he is mode of discourse.

Benjamin Banneker had wrote a letter to Thomas Jefferson back in 1791. Mr. Banneker is trying to persuade Jefferson into changing his mind about slavery. Banneker is the son of former slaves, was a farmer, astronomer, mathematician, surveyor, and author. It is quite interesting how a man [Banneker] coming from slavery is now an author, and wrote a letter to the man [Jefferson] who wrote the Declaration of Independence. Banneker uses different rhetorical strategies to get his point across to Jefferson.

In the 1793 edition, Banneker included his correspondence with Thomas Jefferson, in which he challenged Jefferson's ideas, put forth in "Notes on the State of Virginia," about the inferiority of "a race of Beings who have long labored under the abuse and censure of the world." He also included poetry by Phillis Wheatley and English anti-slavery poet William Cowper, as well as anti-slavery speeches and essays from England and America.

On November 9, 1731, in Ellicott’s Mills, MD, Mary Banneky gave birth to Benjamin Banneker. Benjamin was the son of an ex-slave named Robert, and his mother Mary was the daughter of an Englishwoman named Molly Welsh. The both of his parents were both freed slaves and he was luckily able to escape the torture of slavery as well. His ability to read was taught by his biological grandmother when she’d read him books. He also attended a Quaker school for a very short period of time, but was primarily self-educated. At an early age, he was able to execute making an irrigation system for his family’s farm. He was had the ability to create a wooden clock that was able to compute accurate time for more than 50 years until his passing.

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The town of Bannack was established on July 28, 1862 due to gold strike at Grasshopper creek. The city was small and put together quickly with logs, but briefly served as the capital of Montana Territory in 1864 (Bannack, Montana, 2017). Bannack was very remote and it was only connected to the rest of the world by the Montana Trail which lead to extremely high crime rates and a low population. The miners in Bannack earned $8 a day which is equivalent to a pound of chewing tobacco and a dollar as change. In 1865, the residents relocated to more productive gold sites situated along Alder Gulch.

In 1791, Banneker dared to challenge Thomas Jefferson’s ideas on race by writing him a letter addressing Jefferson’s devotion towards the American revolution. Banneker argues that during the time of England’s tyrannical reign, Jefferson, along with many other white political figures, was insulted and hurt by oppressive regimes; thus, because Jefferson understood the anguish of political maltreatment, then he should sympathize with the thousands of slaves, who endure mental, physical, and emotional abuse daily. In his letter to Thomas Jefferson, Banneker claimed: “ … but, sir, how pitiable is it to reflect that although you were so fully convinced of the benevolence of the Father of mankind and of his equal and impartial distribution of those rights and privileges which he had conferred upon them, that you should at the same time counteract his mercies in detaining by fraud…” This quote demonstrates Banneker’s analytical skills, he illuminated and explained how Jefferson contradicted his own democratic values, then connected this to the emancipation of slaves around the country. Because Banneker was confident enough to address Thomas Jefferson, the issue of slavery was brought to light, and Jefferson responded to his letter in less than two weeks.

During the 1700s through mid-1900s, African Americans were not seen as regular people, but rather as slaves because of their skin color. Slaves worked day and night to the meet the needs of another man’s satisfaction while others put their lives in danger in hope of freedom. Born from parents who were former slaves in 1731, Benjamin Banneker was a self-taught African American male astronomer and mathematician from Ellicott Mills, Maryland. Learning to read and write from his grandmother, who was white, Banneker became known as “the first man of science” who eventually became famous for his Farmer’s almanac (“Benjamin Banneker,” n.d.). Banneker’s almanac to Jefferson was used throughout history to emphasize how blacks were treated inadequate towards whites by contradicting valid points towards Jefferson’s views on the Delectation of Independence.

Benjamin Banneker was a smart and educated black man who lived in the same time as Thomas Jefferson. Banneker wrote a message to Jefferson concerning the “situation of my brethren”. Banneker in his letter to Thomas Jefferson uses a series of arguments against the institution of slavery through a respectful tone, religious, and historical references. Through his respectful tone Banneker is also attempting to persuade Thomas Jefferson, the man in which the letter is written to. Banneker is a very compelling man as he uses Jefferson words against him. By means of the word “you” throughout the message directs the letter to Jefferson and not Washington and Banneker makes it known.

When he describes the “freedom” which Jefferson has “mercifully received” he is establishing a firm foundation of Jefferson’s present standing at that time. Jefferson is a white man who need not further fight for privileges as he already possesses them. Banneker describes Jefferson’s “apprehensions of the horrors” involving slavery, but goes on to examine how Jefferson “can be found guilty” of accepting the same practice of owning slaves that he outwardly protests. The final piece, with which Banneker’s accusatory tone demonstrates, is his supposition that Jefferson’s knowledge of this conflict is “too extensive to need a recital;” Banneker ends his purpose claiming that Jefferson will “need neither the direction of myself or others” in order to come to an acceptable resolution. Again, Banneker’s tone says everything within just a few