Maslow's Theory Of The Five Theories Of Motivation

Maslow's hierarchy of needs provides a foundational theory. It states that all employees have some basic needs that must first be satisfied in order to provide the framework for further motivation and empowerment.

Abraham Maslow introduced a very simple way of understanding the needs of a person. The Hierarchy of Needs sorts the needs of the lowest and most basic levels to the higher levels. Maslow then arises within their theory of personality, the concept of hierarchy of needs, which needs are structurally organized with varying degrees of power, according to a biological determination given by our genetic makeup as the agency human species.

Maslow’s theory of motivation is called the “hierarchy of needs”. Maslow believes that people have five main needs in the following order of importance;

Maslow dealt with the psychological growth process, considered man as a biological organism, and began his study with the theory of motivation based on a holistic approach. The holistic approach paints a multidimensional whole picture of a person integrating the physical, mental, and spiritual through a growth perspective. According to Sengupta (2011), “Maslow defines growth as the continuous development of talents, capacities, creativity, wisdom and character, the various processes, which bring the person toward ultimate self-actualization” (p. 102). Maslow did not ignore the spiritual dimension, but mainly focused on the biological nature of man. He believed the entire person, not just part of him is motivated. “Maslow’s motivational theory is based on the idea that human behavior is controlled through a number of developing fundamental needs that operates in a fixed sequence and needs are defined as a condition of deficit” (Sengupta, 2011, p. 102). Needs are not always caused by shortfalls, however, they may be founded on an individual’s understanding of inner strength and high ethical standards in order to understand their maximum potential.

Many psychologists have been influential in the field of psychology but one of those that has achieved this more than most was Abraham Maslow. Abraham Maslow (April 1, 1908- June 8, 1970) was an American psychologist who is best known for his theories on motivation, his hierarchy of needs and as being one of the founding fathers of humanistic psychology (Popova, date unknown).

Maslow’s (1943) hierarchy of needs was one of the earliest theories developed on human motivation. With the basic principle that higher-level motives could not become active before the basic needs had been met (Lahey, 2001).

Abraham Maslow brought about the Hierarchy of needs model in 1940-50’s USA, and the Hierarchy of Needs theory is still well founded today for understanding human motivation, management training and personal development. Maslow’s theory was applying to how human beings behave and their needs. He stated that employees are motivated based on satisfying their needs. The following needs are self-actualisation, esteem, social, safety and psychological needs.

Organizations can use various motivational theories for inspiring their employees. According to the Hertzberg 's theory, employers should start by concentrating on sanitization features such as wage and employment security, before concentrating on influential issues such as exciting work and fully grateful that the work completed. In contrast, Adams ' equity theory states that management must focus on subjects that may be thought to be imbalances, such as wage and full appreciation of work completed, before concentrating on job security. The Vroom 's theory proposes that management must focus on the reward system, employee attempt in accomplishing the goals and objectives of the organization. As mentioned by the Motivation in the Real World by Gellerman (1992), the most successful motivation techniques in companies in the United States are: “selectivity in hiring, generous pay and benefit programs, and encouragement of long-term employment.” Additional tactics are flexible implementation of procedures, rules and regulations, and a sensible policy of placing employee motivation is a priority (Beck, 2004).

The first theory, the hierarchy of needs, describes behavior as being directed toward the satisfaction of human needs. Needs are things that are lacking and are desired and are based on personality and values. (Nahavandi et al, 2015) According Abraham Maslow, the creator of this theory, a person’s needs are the main motivator. There are five categories or level of needs (ranging

Answer :  Psychologist Abraham Maslow first introduced his concept of a hierarchy of needs in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" and his subsequent book Motivation and Personality. This hierarchy suggests that people are motivated to fulfil basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs.

Abraham Maslow’s theory about motivation suggested that motivation is about to meet human needs. (Pichère P, et al., 2015) In today’s society, motivation is usually defined as the desire of achieving a goal, leading to goal-directed behavior. So why is motivation so important at work? This is because actual productivity of an organization is thought to be dependent on the level of motivation of employees. In another word, people who are motivated will try harder to accomplish the given task, which will increase the productivity and make it more efficient to achieve the organizational goals.

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is simply a ranked structure of behavioral stimuli that try to explain motivation. It is one of the Content Theories of motivation.

The researcher has discovered that the factors that likely create motivation at work are likely opportunities for advancement and achievement, give more responsibility to employees, recognition of the employees’ work and job enrichment. Moreover, the researcher has discovered that Herzberg has categorised the factors such as wages and salaries, job security, company policies and working conditions as non-promoters for motivation. However, it has not been ignored that other theories have come up stating that these factors do have an influence on employee

Need is a source of motivation. Abraham Maslow defined need as a physiological or psychological deficiency that a person feels the urge to satisfy and his premise is that only an unsatisfied need can influence behavior; a satisfied need is not a motivator. In a classroom setting, when a learner identifies his need to learn, basically, he will be compelled to learn.

Maslow’s Theory: This theory of need is recognised as the first theory of motivation for job satisfaction. He is a psychologist who developed the Hierarchy of Needs model between 1943-1954 in the United States of America and this hierarchy of needs theory remains valid till today for understanding human motivation, management training and personal development. Maslow’s ideas surrounding the hierarchy of needs is concern with the responsibility of employers to provide a work place environment that will encourage and enable employees to fulfil their own unique potential that are today more relevant than ever. This theory is refers to as "pyramid" of five hierarchies of needs, which includes: