Mathematics Self-Efficacy

The following evaluation presents the components of the normative sample applied in the KeyMath-3 Diagnostic Assessment (KeyMath-3 DA). For reference, a norm sample characterizes as a selected sample of test-takers from various common characteristics such as gender, age, grade, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or some combination thereof, for the purpose of creating test norms. The KeyMath-3 DA is a comprehensive, norm-referenced measure of essential mathematical concepts and skill which is untimed and individually administered (Connolly, p. 1, 2007). Furthermore, the test consists of 372 full color test items and 10 subtests covering three general math areas: Basic Concepts (numeration, algebra, geometry, measurement, data analysis and probability), Operations (mental computation and estimation; addition and subtraction; and multiplication and division), and Applications (foundations of problem solving and applied problem solving). Additionally, data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census (2004) reinforced the integrity of the normative sample to establish the target counts in age, grade and season, race/ethnicity, geographic region and socioeconomic status.

Kostos and Shin present the research problem by explaining (in great detail) the implications and consequences of students having these issues. The researchers explain the difficulty in having students focus on finding the right answer, and then shifting that focus to finding a meaningful process instead. Students are required to “communicate

I am choosing how theme such as power functions in the play. I am deciding to write about Abigail because she has the most power in the play in my personal opinion. Abigail had a lot of people behind her back supporting her. She has done a lot to show why she has the most power.

strategies and learning tasks to re-engage students (including what you and the students will be doing)

Mathematical understanding influences all areas of life from social to private and civil. Therefore maths education is widely believed to be the single most important aspect to establishing opportunities for young people; unfortunately, many struggle with mathematics and become indifferent as they continue to encounter obstacles with regard to engagement (Anthony & Walshaw, 2009). Knowing a

Surveys, according to Lovelace & Brickman (2013), are able to divulge information critical to the educator’s pedagogical practices, since practitioners can measure how students’ attitudes toward math and science influence their learning. Attitudes toward science are either positive or negative, and these innate feelings and predispositions affect students’ ability to learn science and math and acquire mastery of the subjects. Thus, educational practitioners use these psychometric measurements, in conjunction with learning outcomes to draw conclusions about levels of efficacy in their own instructional

The National curriculum states that in Mathematics teachers should use every relevant subject to develop pupils’ mathematical fluency. Confidence in numeracy and other mathematical skills is

Today’s expectations are higher than when our parents were in school. Calculus, for example, was considered a college class. Today, colleges expect students to have finished calculus before they apply to college with intent to prove that they can handle higher level classes.

After evaluating and reflecting on the task, it was found that the task had all open -ended questions (Appendix 4). The students mathematical literacy developed as he considered the different solutions and developed reasoning and could justify his processes (Appendix 4). Mathematical literacy, or otherwise known as numeracy, means having the skill and confidence to use numbers in all aspects of life. This includes reasoning with numbers and using mathematical concepts in a range of contexts (National Numeracy, 2014). The student continued to demonstrate his learning by constructing his understanding of mathematical processes that he already knows. This generates new information that is supported by his already known knowledge and allows him to make meaning of it. This is a type of learning process called constructivism (Dewey,

     For this particular study, a survey including 39 closed questions (developed by Alan Schoenfeld in 1989) was used. All items on the survey were in the form of a seven point rating scale, with 1 being “strongly agree” and 7 being “strongly disagree”. The questionnaire was determined to be extremely consistent with an alpha of 0.8468. The survey contained questions associated to student’s perception of what mathematics is and how to do well in it, what mathematics solutions should be, how math problems can be solved, how mathematics is learned, and student motivation. For the first 33 questions, the students were asked to rate them on the seven point scale described above. The last six questions on the survey dealt with grades, gender, and perception of the children’s parent’s attitudes towards mathematics. The researcher also used a two-tail t-test to compare the mathematical perceptions of Chinese and American students. The average of each cateogry in the survey was also compared. As stated above, there were six main categories being compared: what

The anger management group is designed to serve combat veterans or those who have suffered a traumatic event while in the military. In the ten-weeks of group meetings, facilitators will focus on teaching coping skills along with educating veterans by introducing themes and concepts relating to anger management and control. Facilitators will introduce a new theme and skill every week with the expectation of active participation by the veterans. Ideally, group meetings are meant to held at VA outpatient clinics that focus on treating PTSD and providing readjustment counseling. As reported, group therapy has a significant power to help people gain a sense of greater personal, interpersonal, and environmental control over their lives (Gitterman,

According to Overcoming Math Anxiety, girls have more language fluency than boys, and it can be useful for encoding and decoding of mathematical symbols (p. 83). If they are trained to use their own schema to understand mathematical terminologies or concepts, they may have less fear in math then they are, which is called elaboration that connecting existing knowledge with new knowledge (p. 312 textbook). For example, since girls tend to have more competence in language, they may be able to process complex mathematical information with better elaboration if the teacher let them to answering questions or explaining how they come up with their answer verbally (p. 337 textbook).

Mathematics has always been a difficult subject for students. Many children have developed phobias and barriers towards mathematics, which prevail into adulthood, thus limiting their potential. This limitation implies problems of learning, resulting in the child a sense of inferiority.

Current nationwide examination outcomes offer continuing paperwork of the should enhance the concentrate on enhancing student accomplishment in mathematics. The National Evaluation of Educational Development (NAEP) just recently launched the 2005 mathematics ratings which mirrored student accomplishment in the locations of dimension, geometry, information analysis, likelihood and algebra. Country wide, just 30 % of 8th graders were considered competent. Although mirroring a boost from previous evaluations, just 69 % of the 8th graders country wide showed a standard abilities level on the NAEP evaluation (Olson, 2005).

Being of mixed race, African American and white and being raised and exposed to very diverse regions and people, I feel as though I have an advantage when it relates to being culturally competent. I am very proud of and in touch with ethnic background and culture and have established very strong relationships with people from different ethnicities and cultures. I feel very comfortable around them and have grown as a person and an educator by learning more about their cultures, beliefs and specifically their mannerisms and ways of communication. I believe that one can never learn to much when it comes to information and education and therefore, I will be a student, willing and eager to learn for the remainder of my adult life.