May 8th Eruption Research Paper

Have you ever been near a volcano when it erupted? Most of us haven't, but if you're unlucky enough, you just might have. Many people think it would be cool, but it is indeed not. In fact, the people of Pompeii were very unlucky when Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 AD. Nearly two-thousand people died. Although that eruption was very similar to the 1980 eruption of Saint Helens, it was also very different.

In the early 1900s St.Pierre on the French Caribbean island of Martinique was famous tourist destination.”It was known as the Paris of the west Indies”, and home to more than 20,000 people,Mount Pelee sits about 4 miles from St Pierre.On May 8, 1902 the volcano erupted. Sending a volcanic surge directly at St.pierre's at a rate of 420 miles per hour.Killing 30,000 people in its wake.National National Geographic News”Deadliest volcano of the 20th century, 100 years later””molly pell and channo wOodage for National Geographic News, 5-8-2”

It goes on to explain some of the Europeans to first record the sighting of the mountain which happened May nineteenth seventeen ninety-two during the surveying of the northern Pacific Ocean. It was named by Vancouver for a British diplomat, "1st Baron St. Helens," on October twentieth seventeen ninety-two, but before this local Indians had already named it louwala-clough or smoky mountain. In eighteen twenty-nine Hall J. Kelley led a campaign and planned to rename this mountain and all others after one of the United States president, he had tried to rename Mt. St. Helen to Mount Washington. As horrible as the explosion in May og nineteen eighty claimed lives the paper says if the explosion had waited just one day later on Monday rather Sunday when all the people were at work such as loggers they believe the death poll would have been much more higher. A second eruption was noted to had occurred on may twenty-fifth, noone was thankfully hurt and a rather popular film was then created named The Eruption of Mount St. Helen. After all that occurred with the volcano and all it put everyone through president Ronald Reagan in nineteen eighty-two established the Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, which still to this day remains a famous natural laboratory for the study of earth processes,nature, and catastrophes. The volcano and the area surrounding still have a long way to go before it recovers and has all the things it had

that the volcano must be classified as dormant rather than extinct. Moreover, the unexpected 1995 eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano on Montserrat, situated in the same volcanic arc, demonstrates that continuous awareness of the associated hazards is required.

Mt. St. Helens erupted on May 18, 1980 and it is said to be the most disastrous volcanic eruption in United States history. There had been months of build up beneath the surface along with a massive bulge growth on the side of the mountain. It began when an earthquake struck beneath the north face of Mt. St. Helens, which set off the biggest landslide to ever happen in the US. Seconds later there was an explosion of the north side of the volcano generating a huge cloud followed by lightning. The large landslide was followed by several lahars (mud flow) and pyroclastic flows (hot gas and volcanic matter).

The volcano continued to discharge an ash plume for hours after the lateral blast, rising over 20 km’s into the atmosphere. Prevailing winds blew over 500 million tons of ash across the United States reaching the east coast in 3 days and encompassing the globe in 15 days Regions as far as 400 km’s away were overwhelmed in complete darkness. Lakes, rivers, land, and the life they supported, appeared decimated. The familiar Pacific Northwest landscape was scoured of vegetation and buried under ash and pumice (USGS 2015).Mount St. Helens is located on a plate boundary where the oceanic plate (Juan de Fuca) meets the continental plate (North American) as seen in Figure 1 below. This boundary is part of the infamous Ring of Fire; a collection of volcanoes that form the margin around the Pacific Ocean. Mount St. Helens was created on a destructive margin where the Juan de Fuca plate subducts. Mount St. Helens is the youngest and most active of 13 volcanos in the Cascades and erupted last in 1857. The destructive nature of the margin between the two plates and the build up of pressure over 123 years is what caused this fierce 1980 eruption (Project Learning Tree, 2010). Rising temperatures due to the presence of magma and frictional effects, caused the crust to begin to melt, adding to the

According to the CNN news, for residents of the big island of Hawaii, Friday May4 was a day of fraught which caused fear and tragic to people who live at the island as a strong earthquake shook their homes and many of the residents were forced to leave their place for their own safety. The US Geological Survey seismologist Jana Pursley said The Kilauea volcano 6.9 quake was the most powerful on the island since 1975. This explored case problem to the residents and tourist who are happening to stay nearby where the erupted located.

What would happen if the largest volcano to exist at this time were to erupt? The paper I’m writing will be about the theoretical eruption of The Yellowstone volcano underneath the Yellowstone National Park. I’ll be explaining and walking you through, so to speak, what Yellowstone is, how this eruption would occur, and the impact this specific volcanic eruption would have on the world. So without any further ado let us begin.

People are afraid that this volcano will explode and are scared that something bad will happen. People are moving out of their house to a safe place to live and were forcedd to evacuate about 2,000 residents. Some people choose to move out to a safer place and away from the dangerous area. Residents are involved in this tragic event, stay in not an option for anyone dangerous gases are released and can kill anyone human inhale this dangerous gases. The event is about a volcano that is about to explode from so much pressure being built up. This event is happening in Hawaii were people want to move out. It's happening in May 4 at 11:40 a.m. The cause of this event is happening because pieces of rock are falling off to the volcano and that is making pressure built up and has to escape some we're including magma is falling below sea level. This is one of the most active volcano in the world. It will continue for 100 years no surprises this is happening because it has happened over millions of years.

The Hawaiian volcano is a shield volcano; they are the oldest continental regions of earth. They may even be the remains of ancient shield volcanoes. A shield volcano is tall and broad with flat, rounded shape. The Hawaiian volcanoes are built by countless outpourings of lava that advance great distances from a central summit vent or a group of vents. Extensive study of the Hawaiian Islands revealed that they are constructed of a myriad of thin basaltic lava flows averaging a few meters thick intermixed with relatively minor amounts of pyroclastic ejected material. During eruptions these outpourings help keep these volcanoes safe. When these volcanoes erupt lava fountains out form the volcano and is hot liquid lava is thrown into the air but usually not very high. The lava normally flows easily, and does not explode. These volcanoes also only explode if water some how gets into the vent. Mount St. Helens is composite volcano, which are also known as strato- volcanoes. They are tall, symmetrically shaped, with steep sides, sometimes rising 10,000 feet high. They are built of alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, and cinders. The large and generally cone-shaped volcanoes form along plate boundaries called subduction zones where one of the earths plates melts as it falls back into the earth`s mantle. The eruptions are called explosive, and effusive, because vast amounts of gasses are thrown into the atmosphere, and the lava explodes and is vicious.

Considering that El Chichon had been non-active for over 600 years, many disregarded the minor eruptions that were occurring frequently prior to 1982. The first of the three major plinian eruptions was on 28th March that lasted only a few hours with an intensity four times greater than that of the 1980 Mt St Helens disaster, however many did not flee or know what was yet to come. All seemed to have settled down and those that chose to flee after the initial eruption, returned. But it wasn’t until April 3rd that the next eruption began. A Plinian eruptions reached an altitude of over 24km, which left very little time to process these sudden bursts before the final instalment quickly arrived. The 3rd of April event was the last major eruption of El Chichon and also left the most impact. A pyroclastic flow began to emerge that ran over 8km

Figure 1: Mount St. Helens location activity in 1980 were observed in the middle of March when earthquakes were detected beneath the volcano. There were many quakes each day and the largest ones were felt by people in the nearby area. At 8:32 am PDT on May 18, 1980, Mount St. Helens erupted following a magnitude 5.1 earthquake that began about 1.5 km below the volcano (Tilling, Topinka, & Swanson, 1984). This was the most devastating event in the two months of activity. The top 400 m of the mountain were blown away, 500 km2 of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest was covered with grey ash and 57 lives were lost (Zeilinga de Boer & Sanders, 2002).

On the day of the eruption, early in the morning, at about ten o’clock, an enormous explosion occurred, then a twenty kilometer high cone formation followed, the gas, ash and stones wiped out towns for miles around. Soon afterwards, massive earthquakes occurred, rumbling and shaking the whole entire city, several of these happened throughout the day and during them, pipelines had begun to break apart from the violent rattling. Further into the day, pumice rocks about the size of golfballs but only about two and a half times larger than average ones, were blown away from the

Puyehue volcanoe was gushing lava in Chile eruption on Saturday 4 June 2011 following 51 years of inactivity. On the 3th June a seismic swarm happened with 1450 quakes enlisted at the volcano of gushing lava, related with magma development under the fountain of liquid magma. The seismic tremors has a concentration of 2-5 km profundity on the southeast flank of the fountain of liquid magma. On Saturday fourth of June the well of lava alarm was raised to level RED after a checked increment in seismic movement. The dangerous ejection at Puyehue well of lava started on Saturday fourth June delivering a 10 km high fiery debris section. More than 600 individuals were emptied from the range. Volcanic fiery debris fell in the city of

Gone are the ages where geological events were shaped by animals, climate, and other forces. Today, much of the earth’s activities involve acquiring of energy and utilization of resources used not only to survive but also to thrive in a way that no species has done before in history. Jessica Abramovic’s posting has outlined how several natural resources such as forests, minerals, and water have been utilized as energy sources to the point of near depletion in many parts of the world. The anthropogenic period has been marked by significant human influence, which has for the few thousands of years affected the overall geological make-up of the earth. Natural events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes do not come close to affecting the earth in the way that human activities to today (Steffen et al, 2011; Ellis, 2011). What is more interesting is the fact that humans have lived on earth for only a few hundred thousand years, but have become a geologically dominant species within that time as compared to the estimated 4.5 billion years of earth’s existence.