Mazzini's Ideas and Inspiration and Attitudes to Change in Italy in 1830s

Italian Wealth and the Renaissance (Draft) The Renaissance was an intellectual and artistic movement from roughly the 14th to the 17th century centered around humanism and individualism. After starting in Italy, the Renaissance and its humanistic ideas spread North to places like Germany, Flanders, and England. Italy's wealth, caused by its extensive trade, market economy, and elite-ruled political structure, served as a medium for the dawn of the Renaissance.

The Italian Renaissance was one of the most colorful, vital, and exciting times in history. Renaissance eventually comes from the French word "Renaistre," meaning "to be born again." The Renaissance was a revival or a rebirth of cultural awareness and learning among art, law, language, literature, philosophy, science, and mathematics. This period took place between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries. The Renaissance in Italy flourished in the 15th century and spread throughout most of Europe in the 16th century.

many contributions to the American people that still carry weight and power to this day.

“I’ll be out of here and away from all you knaves for one time anyway, as not a month will pass before you’ll see whether I’m nobody or a somebody.” The story of Bianco Alfani reflected the nature of 14th century Florentine society where, as Alfani remarked, the election to public office could make or destroy a person. In late 14th century and early 15th century Florence, decreased population and expanding commerce provided a favorable environment for ambitious individuals. The real life examples of Buonaccorso Pitti and Gregorio Dati demonstrated the positive role of ambition in Florence. Pitti, a nobleman had an extremely successful career, partaking in military campaigns, holding public office in Florence and being an ambassador to

accomplished lifetime even if his lifetime was only 27 years long. He was a leader , a fighter, he abandoned his family and so much more he didn’t have the best life but he did have the life of an outstanding American hero.

Boundless World History. "Italy during the Renaissance". Lumen. Boundless World History. 27 May 2018. (-- removed HTML --)

The Italian Renaissance was a time for great cultural change and achievements, which began in Italy approximately during the 13th century and lasted up until the 16th century. It marked the transition between the Dark Ages and Early Modern Europe. The European Renaissance originated in Central Italy, and centered in the city of Florence.i The distinctive characteristics of northern Italian states such as art, literature, philosophy, and culture produced an atmosphere of learning and artistic expression.

The moral fanatic and religious fundamentalist, Giralamo Savonarola, inhibited the development of the Renaissance in Florence and brought the city back into the Middle Ages.

Following the Napoleonic Wars, there was a great amount of diplomatic instability within Europe, and in the Italian states there was a call to unify every state into one nation, Italy (text, 717). A leader of the unification movement, Camillo di Cavour (1810-1861) wanted to prevent chaotic revolutions to unite Italy, rather he wanted to unify the Italian states by promoting the economic developments of the Italian states (text, 717). Cavour was a prime minister of the Piedmont-Sardinia territory, he was a great leader who pushed for the advancement and increase of the region’s economic and military powers, which he believed would help promote a unified Italy (text, 717). Cavour’s territory had much to gain from a unified Italy including a larger amount of available labor, and also a

Girolamo Savonarola, the man many saw as the precursor of Martin Luther, was born in 1452 in Ferrara Italy. Savonarola first became recognized as a friar for the Dominican party and quickly escalated to become a significantly influential figure of the fifteenth-century. Meeting many important intellectuals of the Medici court and even becoming good friends with Pico della Mirandola. It was after Pico de Medici’s downfall in 1494 that Savonarola transitioned his focus to politics. We notice Savonarola’s involvement in the debate on the creation of an anti-medici government, being elected as prior of the famous San Marco Church in Florence, and in the work I will be analyzing, “Treatise of the Florentine Government.”

As mentioned by Cavallar, “Even some politicians, given to assuring both the theoretical and the actual stability of their regimes, were impressed with Guicciardini’s ideas and acted according to his notions and judgements” (Cavallar 279). His works impressed many patricians at that time; some of them even used his ideas in their political works. The recent studies on Guicciardini further verify that, even though Francesco Guicciardini lived during the period of Renaissance, his notions and judgements are applicable even today in our daily lives. As noted by Phillips, “For it is evident that on another level, the maxims remained active in his mind, still useful for the Italians” (Phillips 113). Guicciardini’s ideas and thoughts were not confined to a particular period of time but were based on the true understanding of human’s

remembered as a hero who was not power thirsty but rather demonstrated respect and loyalty.

The Fascists’ social and economic policies up to 1939 significantly aided their control over Italy yet may not be cited as the sole cause. The Fascist party’s social and economic policies along with other factors attributed to the overall control of Italy. Through such policies it was a certainty that the Fascist party would hold complete power over the population of Italy in each aspect of an individual’s life whether it was their leisure time through the Dopolavoro or at work under the corporate state system which was formally introduced in 1934. This complete domination of the Italian peoples’ lives could be argued to have been the instrumental factor behind the Fascists’ control over Italy up to 1939. Other factors which assisted the

His actions were good, not just because they were intended to be good for the whole society, but because society viewed them as being for the good.

Italy holds a long and rich history, starting from how it became one country during ancient times. For thousands of years, people have lived in Italy, relying on its vast amount of assets and resources. There was no established group of settlers to arrive first, because the chief pioneers entailed many different types of people who spoke different languages. Italy was at first preceded by several non-Italian cultures, including Greeks. The Greeks occupied southern Italy, including areas around Sicily. This remained a wealthy extent of land because of the tremendously fertile soil, which then caused the sprout of new cities and civilization. These Greek cities ultimately stood taken over by Roman control. As far as northern city-states, the Etruscans lived in areas influenced by Greek culture. The Etruscans stayed well-known engineers, builders, and traders. Italy was always back and forth in the control of foreign authorities, but finally landed in the power of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire took over at about 450 B.C., but eventually collapsed. The land that now stands as Italy was ruled by Julius Caesar. There were many civil wars before and after Julius Caesar’s death. The land was then restored by Octavian, Caesar’s son, who later passed his throne to his son Tiberius. Although ancient Italy had been taken over by diverse commands, it still held on to its vast culture and