Mclaren Flint: Case Study

Angioplasty opens blocked arteries and restores normal blood flow to your heart muscle. It is not major surgery. It is done by threading a catheter (thin tube) through a small puncture in a leg or arm artery to the heart. The doctor threads the catheter through the arterial system until it gets into a coronary (heart) artery. The blocked artery is opened by inflating a tiny balloon on the end of the catheter. The doctor inflates the balloon to push the plaque outward against the wall of the artery. This widens the artery by stretching it and restores blood flow.

During this procedure the Doctor/ Surgeon will numb the arm or groin and embed a(n) catheter into your artery. Then the catheter is threaded through the arterial system until it reaches the coronary (heart) artery. The catheter will be visible on an x-ray screen for the doctor or surgeon can see internally. The Doctor will then thread a very thin wire to the catheter across the blockage (cartilage). Right above this wire, a catheter with an expandable balloon is passed to the blockage. Once the balloon is inflated it will push the plaque to the side to open the artery and allow blood to flow through.In more than most, patients will receive a Stent (which is a collapsed wire mesh tube), this procedure is similar to angioplasty except a stent is permanent and angioplasty is temporarily. This stent is mounted on a special balloon, and is moved over the wire to the blocked area. When the balloon is inflated it opens and locks the stent in the artery, keeping it open. Lastly the balloon and catheter are taken out, and the artery will remain open and your heart will receive the blood it

• A mechanical pump. This is usually implanted in your chest, but it may be outside of your body depending on which type of VAD you have.

Dr. Hughes smiled. “That is also a catheterization but this is a Cardiac catheterization. What that involves is inserting a catheter into the vessel of the heart usually from the groin or the arm. If we find we need to put a stent in, then we will do it at that time.”

catheter into the patients’ vein. In this part of the procedure the nurse will set up supplies on a bedside table to help facilitate a clean I.V. insertion insuring no bacteria is introduced into the patient. The nurse can then access the patients arms for sufficient site to place the I.V. Once the appropriate site has been chosen the nurse will then apply a tourniquet approximately 4 inches above the insertion site. Next the skin at the site is prepped with an antimicrobial agent such as alcohol or chlorohexidine. With the nondominate hand the nurse will hold the skin around the site taught. With the dominate hand the nurse will hold the needle at a 10- to 30-degree angle to the skin and in one steady fluid motion pierce the skin and continue into the vein while observing the flash back chamber for blood. Next the needle is lowered to almost parallel to the skin and with the index finger the nurse will guide the catheter over the needle and into the vein. The nurse will then remover the needle, attach an extension and hub to the I.V. catheter, and secure it in place with a sterile transparent dressing. Now the patient is ready to receive the prescribed therapy.

The procedure includes the use of a catheter and small tube called a sheath where the TAVR is transported on. The device passes through blood vessels upon entry until it arrives at designated valve for replacement.

blood flows from your right atrium into your right ventricle through the open tricuspid valve.

The procedure involves attaching an unclogged blood vessel to a blocked coronary artery beyond the obstruction. One or both internal thoracic (also called internal mammary) arteries can be rerouted or a piece of the saphenous vein or the radial artery can be made into a conduit.

In a typical procedure, a tiny incision will be made near the elbow or the armpit. Then

When finally put in place the doctor will connect the arteries and veins. At this time the doctor will inspect the suture lines to make sure that there is no leaking of blood. Then the bile ducts will be attached to the liver. After everything is connected to the new liver the doctor will start the process of closing the surgical site. The doctor will accomplish that by closing the site with either sutures or staples. A drain will also be placed to help reduce the swelling. Then a bandage will be placed over the wound.(Liver Transplantation Procedure;

The blood comes out of the patient through a resilient tube known as a catheter. The tube is put into the vein.

It then goes on to the right atrium where it expands when blood enters. It then goes

GENERAL DIRECTIONS: The right femoral vein merges into the inferior vena cava, which then merges with the superior vena cava and enters the heart via the right atrium. Once in the heart, you will be propelled into the right

Blood in the right atrium flows through the right AV valve in the right ventricle. Contractions of the right ventricle forces the pulmonary valve to open. As this happens, blood flows through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary trunk. Blood is then distributed by both the right and left pulmonary arteries to the lungs. Blood from the pulmonary veins return from the lungs to the left atrium then causing blood in the left atrium to flow through the left Atrioventricular (AV) valve in the left ventricle. Contraction of both left and right ventricles together causes the aortic valve to open. Blood then flows through the aortic valve into the ascending aorta distributing it to every organ in the body and finally returning to the heart from the vena cava. (Anatomy and Physiology pg.723)

Catheter ablation. This procedure involves small wires being threaded from your leg veins into your heart to trigger arrhythmia, in order to identify and treat the problem areas. This is highly effective when the specific region causing the heart problem is identified, such as an SVT or supraventricular