Mechanical Stress

h a character's growth from childhood to adulthood changes throughout the book. The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros is a perfect example of using the technique of a Bildungsroman throughout the novel. We will see how the protagonist, Esperanza in The House on Mango Street, will grow mentally and physically. Here are three specific vignettes in The House on Mango Street that will show how Bildungsroman is used; these are “Hips”, “The First Job” and “Papa Who Wakes Up in the Dark”. Body Paragraph 1 Topic Sentence:

“Written in Bone” is corresponded with the subject of science. The book is associated with the science subject because in the book, the scientists use archaeology to understand the bones and to dig the bones up correctly. Archaeology is defined as the study of analysis of physical remains. The book “Written in Bone” wouldn't have been possible at all without science! Science is the most important feature in this book when the archaeologists spent hours and days finding all of these fossils and human artifacts.

If you were a forensic anthropologist and were studying human remains, what information would you look for in the bones? Why would this information be helpful?

Osteoporosis, meaning porous bone from the Greek language, is bone disease that gradually and steadily wears down bone tissue and its living cells. This wearing down will eventually cause the cells of bone tissue to degrade and die, leaving their “scaffolding” to be the only things only bone together. Without living cells to take up a home in this scaffolding, minor injuries such as falls, bumping into objects, and pressure that would normally be completely and would not pose any threat to bone tissue suddenly becomes a real hazard that can easily pose a threat to one’s well-being. Osteoporosis affects a person skeletal system.

Over the years, several techniques involving the analysis of human skeletal remains for the purposes of ancestral classification have been developed. Many of the earliest techniques involved the visual comparison of different morphoscopic traits and subsequent classification based on the anthropologist’s subjective opinion. Although many of these non-metric techniques have been shown to be

After the prior four stages, the body then enters the final stage of decomposition. In this final stage, the body is left with very minimal skin and complete bones; also known as complete skeletonization. When the body has reach the complete skeletonization stage, weather begins to affect the bones. If the body is in hot climate weather, the bones will begin to dry up and discoloration of the outer surface of the bone. Also factors that affect the human bones in this stage are insect and animal activity. For instance, the book states that squirrels specifically show a preference on human dry bones that have exposed up to one year to the environment. Thus squirrels are one type of animal that prefer the human bones because bones can inherit soil, and other substance from the environment depending on its location(Tersigni-Tarrant, Shirley, p. 352, 2013.) But the longer human bones spend out in their location, the more changes it is bound to exhibit. For instance, bones may exhibit additional discoloration and may resemble and growth with plants if it were

Analysis of osteoarthritis for each site was conducted in order to determine whether any of the joint changes in the skeletal remains might indicate changes in physical activity levels before and after colonization. To better ascertain the differences in the colonial eras, the prehistoric burials from Corinth and Apollonia were separated from the colonial periods. Even though every site has individuals of indeterminate sex only a comparison between those individuals for whom sex could be reasonably estimated was done.

The purpose of this paper is to better inform the readers what stress markers are and what they are able to tell an anthropologist about a person. The reason that this is important is that it can help identify specific traits of how the person lived their life and a potential understanding of their work. In reading this paper you will hopefully have a better understanding how sex, age, and lifestyles can influence stress markers on bones of the shoulder joints.

The spade suddenly ricocheted out of her hand jolting her from her self-complacency accompanied by a loud thudding sound. There was something buried in the dirt. She immediately got down on her hands and knees to dig through the clumps of soil. With a loud shriek, she recoiled with revulsion. What she saw was bones—human bones with the skull’s empty eye sockets staring up at

Yet this is not often, what researchers find when looking at various cultural funerary places. For instance, in the burial sites of the Mayan, Late Classical period at Xuenkal, and Yucata´ n in Mexico, their location was compromised due to the region's climate. In this area there are many sinkholes, the soil has high moisture content, and construction of homes added to the loss of integrity to the sites (Tiesler, et al., 2010:366). Researchers at this location had to decide which bodies belong to what burial (Tiesler, et al., 2010:368). In order to determine if initial findings were correct, lab analysis was conducted, to reexamine these remains (Tiesler, et al., 2010:369). After studying the sites, researchers determined that cranial

Anthropologists help with identifying human remains by constructing a biological profile. They do this by estimating age, sex, stature, and ancestry, as well as identifying other characteristics such as diseases and injuries (Anđelinović et al. 2005). The anthropologists also analyze injuries that happened around the time of a person’s death which can determine the cause of death (Allmäe, Limbo-Simovart 2015). To learn these things, some questions need to be asked, such as: is it a bone? Is it human? Which bones are present? How many people are represented? Are the remains modern or

The authors’ main argument is that the information bone turnover rates offer, which are determined by the measurement of carbon-14 content of collagen in bones, is beneficial for forensic dating and archaeological science applications. The authors also mention that the manner in which stable isotope values from collagen are interpreted can either lead to a misleading or constructive conclusion if age range is taken into consideration.

Thomas Booth and his colleagues from the Natural History Museum analyzed bones from thirty-four bodies. Sixteen of these bones showed little to no bacterial damage. That suggests mummification had blocked rapid decay of a corpse’s flesh, Booth’s team says. The researchers describe their findings in the October Antiquity.

In order to develop an in-depth understanding of each of the factors that contributed to the health and well-being of an individual, bioarchaeologists collaborate with researchers from multiple disciplines, such as biology, epidemiology, and demography to assess the context of remains (Larsen, 2015:66). This integrative approach ultimately allows for the consideration of a wide range of factors that may have contributed to an individual’s social history (Martin et al., 2013:60). In particular, this knowledge is used to create an osteobiography of the sociocultural and biological factors that were experienced by the individual throughout their lifetime (Lecture: Week 8). Through the use of this osteobiography, bioarchaeologists can gain critical insights into the social and biological phenomena that may have contributed to the presence of skeletal indicators, such as abnormal lesions, or stunted growth patterns that are demonstrated in many past populations (Larsen, 2015:425). While growth or stature may be interpreted simply as a result of genetic factors, bioarchaeologists integrate data from across several different domains in order to determine whether stature, or height-for-age, is the result of biological or environmental stressors, or a combination of both (Larsen, 2015:426).

The human foot is an example of micro-evolutionary and macro-evolutionary changes. It has had to adapt to bipedal walking and the stress that is caused by being upright. To identify changes in the human foot; comparative, molecular, and biocultural approaches and their paradigms are used. Therefore, different, and cumulative approaches are needed to make informed hypotheses in biological anthropology. The foot will be shown as an example of approaches commonly used and the resulting perspectives in biological anthropology.