Mechanism For Melanocyte Apoptosis

Jablonski and Chaplin describe melanin as nature's sunscreen. They also define melanin as “a large organic molecule that serves the dual purpose of physically and chemically filtering the harmful effects of UV radiation; it absorbs LTV rays, causing them to lose energy, and it neutralizes harmful chemicals called free radicals that form in the skin after damage by UV radiation.” Anthropologists and biologists had rationally believed that people living in tropical areas had higher concentrations of melanin in the skin to serve as protection against skin cancer. James E. Cleaver of the University of California in San Francisco refuted this idea. He stated that most skin cancers appeared later in life so in conclusion the amount of melanin that a dark skinned person produced had no relation to skin protection. Cleaver showed that diseases like xeroderma pigmentosum, a disorder in which the ability to repair damage caused by UV light is deficient, and melanomas, a serious type of skin cancer that develops in the cells that produce melanin, can be rare and even fatal. The authors ended up questioning the role that melanin played in human

Melanoma is caused by over exposure to UV which can sometimes cause sunburn, it can be especially critical to those whom are inclined to the disease itself. The tumours derive in the pigment-producing melanocytes which are inside the basal layer of the

Some people are born with more melanin than others. People with dark skin have more melanin than people with light skin. Some people are born with no melanin at all, and they are called albinos (Stewart, 10). Too much time in the sun produces extra melanin which protects the skin from the sun’s rays, and also makes lighter skin get darker, or suntanned. But if too much time is spent in the sun, it can result in a sunburn, and this can lead to skin

Melanin is an important part of the body that is produced by melanocytes. Melanin gives the hair, skin, and eyes color as well as protects the body from the ultra violet rays that radiate from the sun. The amount of melanin in the body determines the complexion of the skin. Vitiligo occurs when these important melanocytes die in patches around the body. This differs from the aging process, when melanocytes stop producing melanin which results in white or gray hair. Vitiligo is a non-contagious, non-life-threatening condition which causes a discoloration of the skin that appears over time, but does not go away. Most people say this condition is painless, but some report itching, and pain. This condition affects millions of people around the world, proportionately between men and women, and can be present in any given race, although it is more apparent in darker skin

People of all races may be effected, mostly between the ages of 20. Dark skin people are mainly known to be affected by it. It may also run in the family, and children are more likely to develop it, but not always hereditary. If there is a family history of the condition or delaying graying of the hair there is a higher chance that they will develop vitiligo. It may also affect someone who suffers from other diseases, such as Thyroid disease, also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Vitiligo is a condition in .which the skin loses its pigment cells. This condition cause a disorder patch in different areas of the body. Vitiligo also cause cosmetic problems with the skin and the body. The condition is more noticeable on a dark-skin person than a light-skin person.Although , vitiligo affect all other race but, the condition is not life -threatening or contagious. Normally the color of hair and skin is detemined by melanin. Vitiligo occurs when the cell that produce melanin die or stop functioning.It can be very stressful and make you feel ugly and not highly of yourself.

Vitiligo has always sparked my interest because the causes behind this rare appearance are bewildering. Vitiligo causes an individual to loose pigment in his or her skin, but is not deadly. Loss of pigment is caused when melanocytes die. Oddly, vitiligo showcases no other symptoms and researchers are baffled by why the cells die. Although there may be a correlation between non-segmental vitiligo and auto immune diseases. Diagnoses of vitiligo vary and display in different parts of the body such as the hair, eyes, mouth and skin. Two types of vitiligo exist and each has a different severity. Segmental targets a specific part of the body such as a leg, arm or face and begins at an early age. Eventually segmental vitiligo stops spreading after

Melanoma is one of the rare diseases of the integumentary system; it is also the deadliest. It is a form of skin cancer and is held responsible for most skin-cancer related deaths. The three major forms of melanoma are: cutaneous melanoma, ocular melanoma, and mucosal melanoma. More and more cases of melanoma have been occurring throughout the years. In the early 2000’s over 160,000 new cases of this deadly disease popped up. It is ranked the sixth most common cancer in both genders. While it does occur slightly more in women, the deaths caused by it is higher for men. This form of cancer is more popular with the white population. It more so affects these whites in North America, Oceania, and Europe.

Have you ever wondered what the less common cancer that hits our skin is? This type of cancer is called Malignant Melanoma. According to the “American Cancer Society” “Malignant Melanoma are from moles that don’t make enough melanin and do make melanin from the skin (2015). From the “American Cancer Society “says that “UV Rays from the sunlight is another type that does cause Malignant Melanoma”(2015). “American Cancer Society” say that the Melanocytes are protected by the dermis, the deepest layer of the skin (2015). From the “American Cancer Society” “Estimates that over 76,830 about 46,870 men and 29,510 women will get diagnose and about 10,130 about 6,750 men and 29,510 women will die from melanoma (2015). Cancer Society statistics states that the most common to find the cancer in is white than African Americans and the average age is 63 and the common in the younger to find this type of cancer is 30 (American

In the present study, the epidermal and dermal H-score of LXR-α and its epidermal nucleocytoplasmic expression in lesional skin were higher than in non lesional skin which was higher than in control skin. This goes with Kumar et al. (2010) demonstrated the expression of LXR-α was significantly higher in perilesional skin as compared to the normal skin of vitiligo patients [10].While the cytoplasmic expression of LXR-α was higher in the control skin in comparison with lesional and non lesional skin. This can be explained by the suggestion of Hu et al. who supposed that the cytoplasmic fraction of LXRα is in inactive form [19].

Vitiligo is a common acquired skin disorder characterized by loss of pigmentation that results in hypomelanotic macules. Typically, the disease has an unpredictable course in which, due to unknown triggers, there is burst of activity with progress of the hypomelanotic lesions.1 Active state of vitiligo is defined as the extension of existing lesion and/or appearance of new lesion within the last year.2 Since reversal to original skin color is unusual, a rapid arrest of the spread of the lesion is the clinical goal in active vitiligo.1 In this scenario, tools that assess disease stability become important to determine the length of treatment. There is a need for development of a marker that monitors the disease prospectively, and sheds light

Treatment of vitiligo is done to control the progress of the disease and to achieve repigmentation in lesions that have formed. An effective form of therapy is targeted UVB phototherapy which is based on the finding that ultraviolet light can induce melanin synthesis leading to repigmentation. Melanocyte loss in vitiligo is caused by immune attack operated by melanocyte-specific T cells, innate immunity, and melanocyte-specific antibodies [5]. The therapy helps initiate a process known as neo-melanogenesis in which melanoblasts multiply and travel along the infundibulum outer root sheath to the interfollicular epidermis in order to repopulate the epidermal areas as a response to DNA damaged by UV light. (Brenner

Human pigmentation is influenced by hemoglobins within blood vessels in the skin, carotene and melanins. Melanin, the basis of pigmentation, can be found in the forms of eumelanin and phaeomelanin. Eumelanin is the brown-black pigment located in the skin, hair, and eyes. Phaeomelanin is a yellow to reddish-brown pigment found in small quantities within the skin, eyes, and red hair. Because of these two pigments, to a greater or lesser degree, we have the variation

Several months before my consultation with a CVS pharmacist, a small patch of skin near my eyebrow turned white and I was diagnosed with Vitiligo. Although the mechanism of action for vitiligo is unknown, after researching online rigorously for answers, I discovered that one of the possible causes is a chemical known as Rhodoenol, an active ingredient in a Japanese whitening creaming, Kanebo. Due to its phenol group, Rhodoenol can undergo competitive inhibition with tyrosine to form tyrosinase, which is a crucial step for the body to produce melanin. After doing research online, I suspect the trigger of my Vitiligo is the few Japanese whitening creams to help with the acne scars. My eagerness to find answers, determination to watch my diets, the will to exercise more to help my immune system,

Around the world, cutaneous melanoma is predominently a disorder of people with sensible skin and sensible hair, who brown ineffectually; in every way that really matters all the known threat segments are joined with sun presentation and skin helplessness to sun and there is small expounding on the event of melanoma in dull cleaned populations. Melanoma overall happens more routinely