Medical Assignment: Bacterial Meningitis

Meningitis, also known as spinal meningitis, is a viral or bacterial infection causing inflammation of the membranes, called meninges. Meninges act as a natural protective barrier that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. When the barrier is permeable, infections are able to transmit a disease in or through and cause serious or even fatal effects. There are different causes for the different categories of meningitis resulting in different symptoms and severities in each.

Meningitis is a serious infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It is caused by meningococcal disease, which is contracted by 1,000 to 2,600 people yearly in the United States. Meningococcal disease is also serious, with one in ten cases leading to

Meningitis and encephalitis are infections that affect the brain. The two differences between them is observed in the region of the brain they infect. Both infections cause inflammation and swelling of the brain and can trigger serious effects or even death.

Meningitis is a contagious infection of the cerebrospinal fluid and inflammation of the meninges, the nearby membrane that covers the spinal cord and brain. Both the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid serve as protectors

First, the patient would have a fever, headache, or vomiting just as the flu. Then, he would think that it is just the flu and treat it that way according to his previous knowledge. After that, the symptoms and the disease are going to get worse, more severe, and more developed because of the ignorance and the lack of awareness about the only sign that differs meningitis and flu from each other. However, the patient at this moment would go to the doctor seeking the treatment, but it is too late (1). Also, some students ignore the meningitis vaccines and in light of this fact the chances of getting meningitis are high. “Up to a quarter of students carry the bacteria that can cause meningitis compared to one in ten of the general population." (2). Stress also play a critical role besides these two affecters on the chances of getting

Meningococcal meningitis: In Europe and the Americas, serogroups B and C are predominant while in Africa serogroups A and C are dominant; serogroup W-135 is pandemic and serogroup Y as the dominant strain of infection in the United States and Canada. There are 75-80% of patients acquiring this type of infection which is an infection of the brain and spinal cord with a mortality rate of 2-4%. Bacterial meningitis causes brain damage, hearing loss and learning disabilities to those that do survive. Meningococci shed their endotoxin, which damages tissues and activates the cytokine cascade (inflammation). This then allows them access to the subarachnoid space causing the blood-brain barrier to seep.

Meningococcal Meningitis is the infection and inflammation of the meninges. Newborns and infants are at greatest risk for contracting bacterial meningitis with Neisseria meningitides being the typical pathogen in the majority of children age 2 months through 12 years (London, Ladewig, Ball, Bindler, & Cowen, 2011). There is a mortality rate of 10% for children who develop meningitis from this particular bacterium (Muller, 2013).

Bacterial meningitis is an acute inflammation of the meninges and the CFS. The introduction of antimicrobial therapy has had a manifest result on the progress of the prognosis. The introduction of the vaccine against Haemophilus influenza type B, Hib vaccine and streptococcus pneumoniae has steered to huge changes in the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis. The inflammatory response to the infection tends to increase CSF production with a moderate increase in ICP. In bacterial meningitis, organism also gain entry by direct contact implantation after penetrating wounds, skull fractures that provide an opening into the skin or sinuses. Some procedure such as lumbar puncture, surgical

Meningitis is a disease that was first described in ancient texts. The ancient god, Hippocrates described Meningitis in his ancient works. The first recorded outbreak was in Geneva in 1805. Gaspard Vieusseux provided the first clinical description of the disease. Although, the first connection of the disease is by Austrian man, Anton Vaykselbaum, who was the first person to find the causative agent of Meningitis which was meningococcal (Source 1). Meningitis affects roughly 600-1000 people in the U.S. Even with new technology and vaccines, 10-15% of people die and 1-5 of survivors result in having permanent damage. The worst outbreak of Meningitis was in West Africa in 2009. Doctors without Borders were called into to try to contain the outbreak. During this time 56,000 cases of Meningitis was reported.

Bacterial meningitis is a gram-negative meningitis diplococcal bacterium. There are several bacteria types that can cause meningitis, which include Streptococcus pneumoniae (the most common cause), Groupe B Streptococcus, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Listeria monocytogenes. The meningitis does not live long on surfaces outside the host but has shown to live longer on glass surfaces compared to plastic. Approximately five percent to twenty-five percent of carriers will move around without symptoms or becoming sick. Studies have shown roughly eight hundred to fifteen hundred people a year will be diagnosed yearly with roughly one hundred to

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, membranes that surround the brain. This can extend as far as infecting the cerebral spinal fluid on top of causing the tissue to swell. Meningitis comes in two major forms; bacterially and virally. However, having bacterial meningitis is much more severe than viral meningitis. There is a lot more danger in having a bacterial infection within the brain than a viral infection within the brain. What makes bacterial meningitis so lethal is that “even when the disease is diagnosed early and adequate treatment is started, 5% to 10% of patients die, typically within 24 to 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. Left untreated, up to 50% of cases may die, (6) or there

Most meningitis is caused by bacteria and viruses that often live in our bodies. Usually these germs stay in the intestines or in the nose and throat, where they may or may not make us sick. But if they spread to the tissues that surround the brain and spinal cord, they cause inflammation. Meningitis is an infection that causes the protective membranes of the nervous system to swell. Inflammation of the brain and spinal cord can affect every part of your body. Fever and other symptoms can come on suddenly and progress very quickly, causing devastating effects.The most common causes of meningitis are viral infections. These infections usually get better without treatment. But, bacterial meningitis infections are very serious. They may result in death or brain damage,

Bacterial meningitis is really serious infection and it must be treated immediately. This infection affects the membranes that cover the brain. Many bacteria could cause meningitis. The most common are Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcuspneumoniae. Luckily, there are special vaccines for preventing this bacteria in the human organism and they are recommended for both, children and adults when there is potential risk of this illness. Some studies have shown that certain group of people has bigger chances to be infected by this bacteria. Those usually are: children under the age of 6, teenagers between 15 and 18 years old and adults over 55 years old. The first symptoms are usually high fever, cold hands and feet, weakness, headache, neck

Bacterial meningitis is the inflammation of the meninge layers of the central nervous system (the pia matter, arachnoid matter, and the dura matter). This disease in most cases is caused by these five microbes:

Meningococcal disease is a large concern in the medical field because it is unbiased towards the patients it infects. There has been limited success in trying to eliminate this disease. Antibiotics play a role in helping to treat patients with bacterial meningitis, and steroids have been tested to help reduce risk factors. Prevention has also become a key issue because meningitis can only be spread through direct contact with infected body fluid. The best prevention is to maintain clean hygiene. Vaccines are another way of preventing disease. However, there are multiple serogroups of meningitis that makes creating a universal vaccine extremely difficult. So far, there have only been two