Medical Use of Psilocybin Essay

In Michael Pollan’s article “The Trip Treatment”, Pollan mentions how magic mushrooms first came to the attention of Western medicine as a hallucinogen with “therapeutic potential” (39). They were introduced to R. Gordon Wasson, vice president of J.P. Morgan, by an indigenous “curandera”, or while in southern Mexico (39). This reminds me my own forms my remedios passed down to me. In Pollan’s article, patients explore the spiritual use of psychedelics, like psilocybin, and claim to have had “among the top five most spiritually significant experiences of their lives” (40). Having two forms of healing that I practice, I enjoy how my traditional Mexican healing involves a spiritual aspect as well as a health aspect. However instead of magic mushrooms, I have a cultural use of sage burning to cleanse and purify my soul of negative energy. Burning sage in spaces also helps clear the negative energy present. Along with enjoying the natural aspect of burning such, much like magic mushrooms containing psilocybin, they both “produce persisting positive change in attitudes, moods, and

The article discusses research on the use of hallucinogens for medical therapies applicable to cancer, drug addiction, and psychological problems. Studies being undertaken at Johns Hopkins University are discussed. Johns Hopkins' research on hallucinogens includes assessment of the drug's psychospiritual effects among volunteers and its use in easing psychiatric and behavioral disorders in those so affected.

Thesis: There are many misconceptions about magic mushrooms, but I believe that they could be incredibly important for the future treatment of mental health.

“Psychoactive substances exert their their effects by modifying biochemical or physiological processes in the brain.” Psychedelics are taken out of context to be for recreational use only, when they can be taken to enhance spiritual journeys.

Along with the history of these mushrooms, there are other interesting facts about these hallucinogens. At least 144 species

Hallucinogenic drugs were not very common at the time, and were fairly hard to study. There were a few brave scientist that were trying to study different plants

Jyllian Kemsley Ph.D. is a chemical research scientist, and scientific research contributor to the CENtral Science’s Safety Zone blog that seeks to “cover science and technology, business and industry, government and policy, education, and employment aspects of the chemistry field”. Her article entitled “Psychedelic Compounds like Ecstasy May Be Good for More than Just a High", reports on the revolutionary research theory within the field of medicine that seeks to examine the prospective benefits of using psychoactive compounds in treating a number of mental conditions. The piece is well written, and presents a number of background studies that have evaluated the efficiency of these

The next level, termed Medium Effects (from .75 gm to 2.5 gms of Psilocybe) are characterized by a cold feeling, gastrointestinal discomfort, pupil-dilation, open-eye visual effects, such as auras around lights, and rainbowing around lighting, noticing movement around the visual periphery, increased or decreased ability to focus, closed eye visuals with an increased ability to visualize creatively spontaneous detailed

Another clinical study of psilocybin done at the University of Arizona and led by Francisco Morena, was conducted in 2007 to evaluate the effects of psilocybin on the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in nine subjects. The researchers addressed two questions: does oral ingestion of psilocybin lead to an acute decrease in OCD symptoms and is what dose is required to demonstrate significant reduction in symptoms. The results revealed that when administered in a supportive clinical environment, psilocybin was safe and well tolerated. The psilocybin was associated with “transient symptomatic reduction of OCD symptoms in subjects with treatment-resistance OCD”( ). Although there is an understanding of the psychedelic mechanism of action of psilocybin, it’s not clear exactly which receptors and pathways are involved in mediating the anti-obsessional responses. The intent of the study was not to conduct psychedelic-facilitated therapy, however five of the subjects readily described their experiences as very psychologically and spiritually enriching and four of the subjects reported profound positive transcendental experiences such as exploration of other planets, visiting past-life reincarnations and interacting with deities. The results also showed most subjects reporting symptom reduction experiences a period of relief that extending far beyond the session. In summary, although there are some gaps in the understanding of how the psilocybin interacts to reduce OCD

Psychedelic chemicals are currently banned for any medical use and strictly limited in research to determine if they can be used effectively to help patient. With one out of ten people in America suffering from depression and one out of four people struggling with some type of mental illness not using every tool available to use seem foolish to limit the tools used by psychotherapist. During the next few pages I will discuss earlier uses for MDMA in psychotherapy and whether these results support or contradict these uses. This will be broken up into four sections; a brief overview of effects, couples therapy, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and schizophrenia.

On April 16, 1943, Dr. Hoffman decided to do further research with the LSD compound (Dye, 1992 p. 5). While handling the drug,

Drugs have been around for a very long time. They are used for a variety of reasons. Some of these reasons include relaxation, socialization, curiosity, stress relief, or a form of escapism. However, most people don’t know the threats and danger that it can cause to the body. In this paper, we are going to examine the changes that happen inside the brain due to the effects of different drugs. We will look closely at how drugs such as hallucinogens, ecstasy, cocaine, heroin, and cannabis affect an individual psychologically. I will explain the origin of the drugs, how a person feels while on the drug, how the drugs

An individual’s behavior and emotion becomes chemically altered often resulting in dependency, aggression, onset of diseases and poor judgement. This poses a dangerous threat to the neurotransmitters since they have multiple jobs in different parts of the brain. Drugs of abuse are able to exert influence over the brain reward pathway either by directly influencing the action of dopamine within the system, or by altering the activity of other neurotransmitters that exert a modulatory influence over this pathway. These drugs are often powerful and have been known to trigger schizophrenic behavior and can also cause a person to cease breathing, for example hallucinogens such as LSD, mescaline, and psilocybin are able to artificially stimulate the serotonin receptor (Sapolsky, 2005).

Throughout the history of the human species, we have been always wanted to know three basic questions: why we are here, where did we come from, and where do we go after this life? Whether we were created from an omnipotent being as in many religions, we happened by chance and made it to where we are through evolution, or maybe even something else. Whatever the case may be, humans have always been curious and wondered about our existence and consciousness. Along with these age old questions, also came the use of psychoactive drugs and other mind altering substances. In order to try to understand these questions, humans have experimented with drugs that alter their state of consciousness.

Persons who suffer from untreated and/or undiagnosed mental illness are prone to turn to substance abuse in their attempts to self-medicate. Due to the mood-altering effects of substances, those who may experience anxiety, depression, and psychotic symptoms, tend to find temporary relief from such symptoms in their drug usage, however the adverse effects