Medieval University Research Paper

My final thoughts towards English 1301 would probably be described in one word which would be awesome; from what I learned in class will help me out towards my path to the future I understand that I still have some errors as I write essays or journals; but I will like to believe that I will get better as I stay in English and I work more on my dents that I have.

Over the years trade, religion, and politics have brought the world toegther in many differrent ways but it has also casued the world many years of war and battle. In some countries, trade, religion, and politics allowed the world to be weak or become stronger. It could have possibly got to the point where some people in one country saw a better chance to move to a different country. This may have seemed like a smart move but little did they know, the next country could start to grow, but would have another country aiming to break them down. Why would anyone want to risk the chance of moving to different countries and receiving little benefits; as the years go by, they are only going to be looking at more downfalls.

The 1400’s was a time of the Renaissance, which was a change or rebirth in the Italian culture of art, politics and philosophy. Petrarch created a universal concept that changed the way people thought which was called humanism. Humanism is when people start to focus on the values and interests of humans. This idea started to spread with the help of the printing press which was a machine that made printing literature easier. Writers and artists were able to spread their ideas of humanism across Europe during the Renaissance through this machine. Artists like Raphael showed humanism with his painting of “The School of Athens”, Michelangelo’s sculpture of “David” and Leonardo Da Vinci’s “Vitruvian Man”.

Throughout the semester of History 1301 I have learned many things that have really caught my attention and focus into history. However, one specific thing that has really blown my mind and has made me feel that history might not always have the correct information and has made me wonder if they are still dependable with the information they are stating is how Christopher Columbus was NOT the first to discover America, it is a myth. The Native Americans discovered North America about 14,000 years before Columbus was even born. On the second Monday in October each year, we celebrate Columbus Day (this year, it’s on October 11th). We teach our school kids a cute little song that goes: “In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.” It’s an American

Although women now have many more rights and freedoms than what they used to, it didn’t simply happen over night. Throughout the course of history men have always had a superior role to women in our society. White Men could own land, earn a wage, get an education, and state their political ideas much before women ever could. Women have earned their way closer to being equivalent to men by fighting for a higher position in law, receiving education, and advancing to wage labor in the work force.

Looking into the first week of AHIST 1401, I recognize this may be the most difficult class I have studied at the university. The syllabus schedule appears to be filled with volumes of reading material, written assignments, peer reviews, and quizzes that our class will be challenged with. Although there will be much to do this term, I am enthusiastic about the journey and the value it offers me. AHIST 1401 has already challenged me to view the world differently due to the details around us. In all, my strength is in time management, dedication to the material, and willingness to accept the journey offered here. This being said, my shortcoming may be the volume of information ingested, processed, then disseminated. While reviewing the peer assessment

During the 1400 to 1500s, Europe had new developments due to numerous reasons. First of all, there was a revival of classics from the Greco-Roman era. These texts were pre-Christianity, thus talking about human’s lives in the here and now verses talking about their lives in the afterlife. This eventually led to the development of humanism, where people appreciated their lives. The more texts, the better they felt and the more they wanted to learn. People wanted to become educated in various subjects. Additionally, they saw what Rome was like and wanted to be better than Rome. With that, they also wanted to find trade routes and new land because they wanted to learn more. The revival of the classics allowed people to study the old maps created

Life in Anglo Saxon England was more dangerous than you would think. Anglo Saxons could be at risk from famine and epidemics, also diseases including degenerative arthritis, leprosy, and tuberculosis. Archaeological evidence appears to show life expectancy was in the thirties, and high infant deaths. Old English Saxon rulers were productive officials, and law-codes somehow survived the seventh tof eleventh century. Under the seventh-century Kentish law, for instance, the total of 12 shillings was payable for removing an ear, 30 shillings for incapacitating a shoulder, and 50 shillings for putting out an eye. Thumping out a front tooth was surveyed at a higher rate of remuneration than thumping out a back tooth, while a finger was worth twice as much as a toe.

A virulent plague consumed millions of corpses; war raged on for multiple generations, and famine struck an overpopulated Europe. Even as many tragedies befell the European people, the crisis of fourteenth century eventually proved itself to be a blessing in disguise, albeit a very lethal one. The first hardship, the Little Ice Age, afflicted northern Europe in 1315 and reached the south by 1347, creating a dearth of food. The Black Death then wiped out a third of European inhabitants in the middle of the century. Many wars erupted, but the Hundred Years War between England and France resulted in the most deaths and caused heavy taxation for these countries from 1337 to 1452. The Ottoman Turks began to attack European settlements in the east,

Although the Middle Ages are mostly known as a dark period in Europe, progress was still made in the field of thinking. The rediscovery of Greek philosophy, the creation of universities, and crisis in the church directly led European societies to the Renaissance era, a time of rebirth.

As European civilization continued to advance in economy and technology, people began to diversify. The introduction of government, newly innovated economic change, government, religious houses of worship,and arts and craft, also flourished. As the growth of population and prosperity began, internal struggles amongst farmers, businessmen, and the law, began to take shape. It was during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries that the religious wars known as, The Crusades, began. The crusades began when Turkish Moslems took control of cities known for their devout Christian worshipers. When Christian pilgrims were denied entry to important cities such as Jerusalem and bethlehem,

The classical writings become very popular, and many of the universities, which were first established during the late middle ages, were growing into a potent intellectual force. A major focus of learning was located in Paris, Bologna, Salerno, Oxford, and Cambridge.

Because of all the little knowledge in the Elizabethan Era, daily lives were impacted, people turned to unusual medical theories which also impacted their everyday lives, and turning points in medicine occur. Little was known about how to treat serious diseases. People turned to different ways to cure themselves based on the kind of sickness they had acquired.

The appearance of universities was part of the same high-medieval education boom. Originally universities were institutions where students could attain specialized instruction in advanced studies. These types of studies were not available in the average cathedral schools. Advanced schools existed in the ancient world, but did not promote a fixed curricula or award degrees.

     The influence of universities and merchants, as seen, changed the kingdom. Medieval universities were first formed in the 12th century AD after a need for educated public officials became evident. Schools like the Law School at Bologna as well as medical schools gave towns lawyers, judges and capable local officials. Other schools like the University of Paris taught scholars literature and theology. The breed of Renaissance thinking was most likely developed in such places. Scholars like Peter Abelard and Thomas Aquinas led an interest in the study of classical Greek and Roman philosophy. This interest, along with challenged perspectives of the time eventually led to modern science. Guilds, as afore-mentioned, were monopolistic practices over certain trades set by merchants. They virtually eliminated competition and ensured quality. Compared to Renaissance art, and Shakespearean and Elizabethan literature the precursor saw little. However, works like Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales were popular, and the Gothic architectural style laid a foundation for many cathedrals and buildings. It is still a dominant facade in today’s world and was relished in modern Western Europe. A powerful education system and study of art are necessary for society’s to flourish and carry it’s roots into the next era;