Meiosis Vs Mitosis

     More than one celled organisms grow by way of mitosis and the cytoplasmic division of body cells. On the other hand, meiosis occurs only in germ cells, which are put aside for the formation of gametes (sperm and egg). Reproduction by meiosis allows for species survival and it increases genetic variability.

In most eukaryotes, the nuclear envelope that separates the DNA from the cytoplasm disassembles. The chromosomes align themselves in a line spanning the cell. As the cell elongates, corresponding sister chromosomes are pulled toward opposite ends.

Mitosis and meiosis are similar in several ways and different in others. The similarities include that both processes involve IPMAT. IPMAT is interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. The parent cells are diploid. They both end with cytokinesis. In Metaphase and Metaphase II, the sister chromatids line up along the center. Then in Anaphase and Anaphase II, these chromatids are split and pulled towards the centrosomes. The differences are that mitosis consists of 1 division while meiosis consists of 2. Four genetically different, haploid sex cells are the products of meiosis and 2 identical, diploid somatic cells from mitosis. Mitosis occurs in all organisms except viruses and meiosis only occurs in plants, animals, and fungi.

Meiosis results in four daughter cells (gametes) which have half the number of chromosomes of the original cell. They are therefore called haploid cell

A) Meiosis consists of two cell divisions and is broken up into Meiosis I and Meiosis II. At the beginning of the Cell Cycle, in this case there are four chromatids each from the homologous pairs being A, a, B, b. This is the Diploid number (4) meaning it is 2 times the haploid number that will be seen at the end of meiosis II. During the S phase of interphase, the chromatids replicate and reach the end of G2 phase. Now starting meiosis, during the first stage of prophase I the chromosomes condense and pair up through synapsis with their sister chromatids creating AA, aa, BB, bb. After they pair up they go through a process called crossing over, where the homologous chromosomes share a piece of their genetic material with each other. Crossing over allows for the genetic diversity of chromosomes. Now there are four homologous chromosomes Aa, Aa, Bb, Bb, each containing heterozygous alleles because the sister chromatids exchanged genetic information with their homologous pair. During late prophase I, spindle fibers being to form where they will later attach to a homologous chromosomes centromere. The next stage is Metaphase I. During metaphase I, the homologous pairs line up at the metaphase plate, also known to be the center of the cell. The homologous pairs form a tetrad which is considered a group of four homologous chromosomes. These homologous chromosomes orient themselves randomly, which is know as the process of independent

Meiosis happens in a two-stage process of cell division that produces four haploid cells from one diploid cell. The process begins from a single dividing nucleus that is composed of two sets of replicated chromosomes that contain two sister chromatids. Nuclei that consist of a single set of unreplicated chromosomes.

Response Feedback: Meiosis occurs only in replicating gametes or reproducing cells. In phase one, the number of chromosomes is reduced by half but the chromatid pairs remain together. In phase two, the chromatids split apart forming four daughter cells. Non-germ cells such as red blood cells or skin cells undergo mitosis.For more information on this topic, consult:Carol Mattson Porth and Glen Matfin, Pathophysiology, 8th Edition,

2.Meiosis - the division of a cell 's nucleus, ultimately resulting in four daughter nuclei, each with half as many chromosomes as the original nucleus. includes two nuclear divisions meiosis I and meiosis II. Chromosome number is reduced from haploid to diploid.

This particular type of cell division results in the production of four daughter cells per parent cell with only half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell in each daughter cell. The process of meiosis can be separated into two cycles, the 1st division and the 2nd division. The first division consists of 4 phases. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. The Second division consists of prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II and Telophase II. Interphase occurs at the beginning of each phase and Cytokinesis occurs at the end of each phase. Meiosis is used for the production of gametes, or sex cells, in sexually reproducing organisms. These daughter cells have only half the number of chromosomes of a normal body cell. This is important because when two gametes come together, the number of chromosomes in the zygote

There are three types of asexual reproduction known as, budding, regeneration, and parthenogenesis. Budding is the production of new individuals that form from bodies of older animals. Regeneration can either replace a damaged tissue or form another individual. An example of regeneration is flatworms. Lastly, parthenogenesis is the development of the offspring from unfertilized eggs. An example of parthenogenesis is honey bees or ants. In the evolution of sex cells divide because it replaces cells that have aged and died. Another reason for why cells divide is because it replaces cells that are lost or damaged known as regeneration. In a cell division chromosomes are replicated and it is passed on to daughter cells. The number of chromosomes

Meiosis is only performed by a male or female’s sex organs because the cells found in those organs, gametes, contain the X or Y chromosomes (Maayan 2011). When the gametes are producing more cells, they pass on the X or Y chromosomes to the new haploid daughter cells. Randomly, during miosis I or meiosis II, the homologue pairs or the chromatids do not separate in a process called nondisjunction (Mader 2015). When this occurs occurs and some new cells will be left with no chromosomes and others with double the amount of chromosomes. If a woman has an egg with no x chromosome is fertilized or if a sperm with no X chromosome fertilizes an egg, what will result is a zygote with only one X chromosome instead of the normal two (“Chromosomal Abnormalities” 2017). If this zygote is formed, it is called monosomy X or what we know as Turner Syndrome (“Chromosomal Abnormalities”

Meiosis results in four daughters cells that differ from the parent cell in chromosome number and genetic components while Mitosis results in the production of two daughter cells identical to the parent cell.

There are many issues today involving genetics and inheritances; therefore, I want to introduce this subject to students and allow them the opportunity to learn about it. Before students begin this genetics unit they should have a basic understanding of DNA, cellular reproduction, and the process of mitosis and meiosis. Additionally, this unit will contain activities that require students to employ critical and higher order thinking skills; I believe these skills can prepare students for the kinds of issues they may encounter in the world in the future.

Cellular division is the process of one cell splitting into many. This process is present in all of nature and is a continuous process. Cellular division causes wounds to be healed, sex cells to be produced, and overall growth to be done. The two main forms of cellular division are Mitosis and Meiosis. Through analyzing what categorizes each process students can get a better understanding of cellular division.

Mitosis and meiosis are both forms of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells and share some similarities, but also exhibit distinct differences that lead to very different outcomes (UK essays 2013; widmaier et al, 2014; Toole, 2015; Khan, 2016). Mitosis is a cell division that produces two daughter cells receiving a copy of every chromosome with the same genetic component as the parent cell, while meiosis is a cell division that produces haploid sex cells or gametes which contain a single copy of each chromosome (widmaier et al, 2014; Diffen, 2016; Toole 2016; Encyclopaedia Britannica). The purpose of mitosis is cell regeneration, growth, and asexual reproduction, while the purpose of meiosis is the production of gametes for sexual reproduction (UK essays 2013; Vancouver community college, 2011).