Essay on Meiosis Vs. Mitosis

With sperm, each cell goes through meiosis to produce four sperm cells. During oogenesis a oogonium cell undergoes mitosis to produce primary oocytes. It differs from sperm formation because it is a stop-start process. It also divides the cell unequally and one primary oogonium cell produces one active cell in contrast to sperm.

Later on a male and female haploid cell will join to form a diploid cell with the right number of chromosomes.

Meioses produces haploid daughter cells that are genetically different from each other and from the parent cell. However, mitosis is a form of cell division that produces daughter cells

Mitosis and meiosis are similar in several ways and different in others. The similarities include that both processes involve IPMAT. IPMAT is interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. The parent cells are diploid. They both end with cytokinesis. In Metaphase and Metaphase II, the sister chromatids line up along the center. Then in Anaphase and Anaphase II, these chromatids are split and pulled towards the centrosomes. The differences are that mitosis consists of 1 division while meiosis consists of 2. Four genetically different, haploid sex cells are the products of meiosis and 2 identical, diploid somatic cells from mitosis. Mitosis occurs in all organisms except viruses and meiosis only occurs in plants, animals, and fungi.

Meiosis results in four daughter cells (gametes) which have half the number of chromosomes of the original cell. They are therefore called haploid cell

Define the term crossing over. (3 points) During meiosis’ prophase the homologous chromatids exchange segments.

A) Meiosis consists of two cell divisions and is broken up into Meiosis I and Meiosis II. At the beginning of the Cell Cycle, in this case there are four chromatids each from the homologous pairs being A, a, B, b. This is the Diploid number (4) meaning it is 2 times the haploid number that will be seen at the end of meiosis II. During the S phase of interphase, the chromatids replicate and reach the end of G2 phase. Now starting meiosis, during the first stage of prophase I the chromosomes condense and pair up through synapsis with their sister chromatids creating AA, aa, BB, bb. After they pair up they go through a process called crossing over, where the homologous chromosomes share a piece of their genetic material with each other. Crossing over allows for the genetic diversity of chromosomes. Now there are four homologous chromosomes Aa, Aa, Bb, Bb, each containing heterozygous alleles because the sister chromatids exchanged genetic information with their homologous pair. During late prophase I, spindle fibers being to form where they will later attach to a homologous chromosomes centromere. The next stage is Metaphase I. During metaphase I, the homologous pairs line up at the metaphase plate, also known to be the center of the cell. The homologous pairs form a tetrad which is considered a group of four homologous chromosomes. These homologous chromosomes orient themselves randomly, which is know as the process of independent

Anaphase – the chromosomes are divided into single from pair and the chromosomes move to opposite poles

The phase proceeding metaphase in which chromosomes aligned at the metaphase plate split into two sister chromatids and are pulled to opposite sides of the cell by the mitotic spindle.

Page 20: Sam says, “I’m learning so much, could you tell me the next phase”. Yes, replied the fairy, the next is anaphase during this process the spindles grab the center of the chromosomes called the centromere which binds the two chromatids to form a chromosome. The spindles pull at the chromosomes to the opposite

Response Feedback: Meiosis occurs only in replicating gametes or reproducing cells. In phase one, the number of chromosomes is reduced by half but the chromatid pairs remain together. In phase two, the chromatids split apart forming four daughter cells. Non-germ cells such as red blood cells or skin cells undergo mitosis.For more information on this topic, consult:Carol Mattson Porth and Glen Matfin, Pathophysiology, 8th Edition,

This study was performed in order to gain more knowledge on mitosis and meiosis. This lab was done by observing mitosis in plant and animal cells, comparing the relative lengths of the stages of mitosis in onion root tip cells, stimulating the stages of meiosis, observing evidence of crossing-over in meiosis using Sordaria fimicola, and estimating the distance of a gene locus from its centromere. Mitosis is the scientific term for nuclear cell division, where the nucleus of the cell divides, resulting in two sets of identical chromosomes. Mitosis is accompanied by cytokinesis in which the end result is two completely separate cells called daughter cells. There are four phases of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and

In genetics, the way people retrieve their genes and traits is through cell division; mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis in cell division is the process in making body cells. There are 7 stages in mitosis; interphase, prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. In interphase, the cell is growing normally and synthesizes with organelles. In prophase, changes occur in the cell and parts of the structures begin to break down, setting the stage for chromosome division. Prometaphase is the stage where the chromosomes are sorted and made very compact, and metaphase is when the chromatids of each chromosome are attached to a microtube to form a spindle. Anaphase it the process in which the chromosomes split, leading into telophase, which is where the chromatids travel to opposite poles in a cell and new membranes form around the nuclei. The final stage in mitosis, cytokinesis, is when the chromatids split in two.

This happens in meiosis 2 which happens after meiosis 1. Metaphase 2 happens after prophase 2. In metaphase 2 spindle fibers form from the centrioles which are found on the opposite ends of the cell and grab the chromosome at the kinetochore region on the centromere. Once the cell grabs the chromosomes they align them at the center of the cell at the equator. Spindle fibers attach to the kinetochore of each of the chromosome and align it in the center. Anaphase 2 happens after metaphase 2. In anaphase 2 the spindle fibers begin to contract in which they move and separate the 2 chromatids within the chromosome. The spindle fibers then pull on the chromosome on both ends and separate the chromatids. In anaphase 2 the chromatids are genetically

Our bodies (without knowing it,) rely on mitosis to grow and to heal itself. If cells didn’t divide, then any organism that relies on this process for survival could not live. For example, if you got a cut, the cut would not be able to heal itself. The cycle starts with G1, then S, and G2, and then Mitosis. In Mitosis there are the phases prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and interphase. All the phases do something different to help the cell with its division into the two new daughter cells. During this process the cells are being divided equally with their DNA, chromosomes, and nucleus. Mitosis is a necessity to the human