Melanoma Cancer Research Paper

Melanoma can be anywhere on your body. Moles, warts, or even a sun burn can lead to melanoma. Melanoma is a form of cancer that begins in melanocytes, cells in the skin that produce the brown color known as melanin. These are the cells that darken when exposed to the sun, a protective response to protect the deeper layers of the skin from the harmful effects of the sun.

There are three primary layers of the skin: the outer layer, the epidermis and the layer beneath, the dermis and the hypodermis. The epidermis is thin, tough and waterproof while protecting the body from outside bacteria invading the body. It also contains keratinocytes which are from the basal layer which is the deepest layer of the skin. The keratinocytes reach up to the epidermis, shed and new ones form again. The dermis is the second layer of the skin and is the thickest. It is made from fibrous and elastic tissues which are made from fibrillin, elastin and collagen to create the strength and flexibility. It also contains sweat and oil glands, nerve endings, blood vessels and hair follicles. Sweat glands help the body cool off during heat

Melanoma is a malignant condition arising from melanocytes in the basal layer of the skin. Melanocytes are the cells that produce melanin, which gives skin its pigmentation and shields the deeper layers of skin from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation. When skin is exposed to ultraviolet radiation, melanocytes increase their production of melanin, which generates darker pigmentation of the skin. Ultraviolet radiation stimulates malignant changes within the melanocytes by mutating DNA, stimulating cutaneous growth factors, decreases immune defenses, and promotes species of melanin that cause DNA impairment and suppress apoptosis. The abnormalities caused by ultraviolet radiation in the melanocytes predispose it to

While researching in depth Ocular Melanoma, there has been a consistent theme persisting there is not enough research done to find a way to decrease metastasis percentage and increase survival rate. The current attempts at decreasing metastasis and increasing survival rate have stayed the same throughout the course of 4 decades. The current drug, LS2616, is being used to treat Ocular Melanoma patients, but it is used to late to feel the full impact of the drug. Research and Development laboratories are working on a faster-acting drug, but nothing has been tested on mice or released to the public. If new drugs could be created, the survival rate of Ocular Melanoma would increase drastically.

Many people think that is it possible to achieve a “healthy tan,” but this thought has been proven wrong. Overexpose to UV-A and UV-B rays from the sun lead to premature aging of the skin, as well as the possible formation of skin cancer, know as melanoma. An appearance of a tan is actually a stage of burning and damage to the skin. Although a tan may be desirable to many, the fact remains that more people need to be educated on the dangers of the sun’s harmful rays, and the possible health complications of overexposure.

Malignant melanoma of the nail apparatus is extremely rare but there have been a few cases reported. It seems that almost half of the population that has been diagnosed with this disease has been misdiagnosed or did not receive the proper treatment to cure the disease. Since the cases are easily misdiagnosed, fatality is usually the outcome for most. Survival rate of this particular disease in recent studies has shown that humans live on average five years after being diagnosed with melanoma of the nail. The disease can affect either the upper or lower nail extremities. The scientist tested seven people, three males and four females, to see how this disease effects each of the patients.

Malignant melanoma is the most life-threatening skin cancer. This cancer develops in the cells that give the skin its color. These cells are called melanocytes that have a high risk of spreading to other parts of the body. Melanoma occurs when something wrong happens in the melanocytes. Skin cells often develop in a controlled and orderly way. Then, healthy new cells push older cells toward the skin's surface. These cells die and shed off. There are specific genes that help cells grow, divide, and stay alive are called oncogenes. When cells develop DNA damage, new cells may begin to grow out of control. This will then form a mass of cancerous cells. The causes of the damages in DNA skin cells and how this causes melanoma

Malignant melanoma is the most commonly seen skin cancer and it has the highest number of deaths among diseases of the skin (Friedman, Rigel, Kopf and Polsky, 2005). Among the many factors that cause this cutaneous cancer genetic modifications, viruses, carcinogens and excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays are the most commonly occurring (Friedman, Rigel, Kopf and Polsky, 2005). Malignant melanoma affects all areas of the skin and the disease forms in melanocytes, which are the cells in which pigments (melanin) are synthesized (Melanoma Treatment). The cancer has its origin in the epidermis and affect squamous and basal cells. The disease usually affects the trunk, arms and legs but can also be present in the eye, affecting the

Melanoma is a skin cancer derived from melanocytes and is considered to be the most common fatal malignancy of young adults. About 60% of melanomas harbor a mutation in BRAF, a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in promoting MAPK signaling and cellular proliferation. Of these, 90% harbor the BRAFV600E mutation. To combat this disease, the BRAF inhibitor, vemurafenib, was approved in 2011 to treat late-stage melanomas that are driven by the BRAFV600E mutation. Despite the immediate, positive clinical response to the drug, resistance develops after 7 months of vemurafenib treatment. Significant research effort has been devoted to understanding the origin of this drug resistance, but few studies have examined the fate of individual cells

Melanoma was the major focus of our project. Our initial goal throughout this entire project was to inform the student body about melanoma as well as make an attempt to prevent sun exposure. We planned to find a way to see how much the students at St. Scholastica knew about the dangers involved in being in the sun. We planned to create two surveys and a pamphlet to help find the student body’s knowledge about this dangerous disease. Our group first started off giving out a survey that gave us a base model of how much the students already knew about melanoma as well as sunburn and sun exposure facts. We then proceeded to make a pamphlet that had useful information on it involving when to wear sunscreen, when to be out of the sun, and facts about melanoma. This was then slid under the doors of the residents of Somers hall. We purposely put out this pamphlet prior to going out on spring break in hopes that people would take in this information before they hit the beach. Being that the students got this information before they put their skin in danger of developing skin

Skin Cancer is the abnormal division of skin cells which cause tumors in the body. There are 3 types of Skin Cancer: Melanoma, Basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma (Web Md, year). Skin cancer is caused by the exposure of ultraviolet radiation and UV-like factors (Skin Cancer Foundation, 2015). This paper focuses on a specific type of skin cancer called Melanoma.

According to The American Cancer Society, estimates for melanoma in the United States in 2017 are: about 87,110 new melanomas will be diagnosed (about 52,170 in men and 34,940 in women). About 9,730 people are expected to die of melanoma (about 6,380 men and 3,350 women). The rates of melanoma have been rising for the last 30 years (“Key Statistics in Melanoma Skin Cancer”, 2016).

Melanoma is a very serious type of skin cancer and can be extremely dangerous if it’s not taken care of properly. Melanoma usually develops in the melanocyte cells when the skin has been exposed to ultraviolet radiation from tanning beds or from being outside in the direct sunlight for too long or over a long period of time. When unrepaired skin DNA becomes too damaged, it can trigger a mutation in the cells which leads to the skin cells to rapidly multiply, turning into the cancerous growths. In some cases, melanoma can form in the eyes, nose, mouth, genitals and, in rare situations, form in the intestines (Mayo Clinic).

Even if a series of significant results is identified in this analysis, there exist several serious limitations. One of the most obvious limitations is displayed through Figure 1. Even if none of the years after 1989 happened to have statistically significant implication for the melanoma rates, there are still a lot of missing observations for years 1989 and 1994. If the number of industries reporting chemicals was equivalent for all years, we might have had a chance to derive even more significant results for 1989 and 1994.

Melanoma is a dangerous invasive cancer which starts in melanin producing cells (melanocytes) usually located at the bottom of the skins epidermal layer. Although certain individuals have a genetic propensity for melanoma, it is usually triggered by excessive UV exposure from sunlight or tanning beds (Mayo Clinic, 2016a). At early stages it is relatively easy to treat, however, recurrences are common. At later stages melanoma treatments are less effective since it tends to metastasize and spread easily through the lymphatic system (Mayo Clinic, 2016a).. The root cause of malignant melanoma is due to mutations in the p53 gene protein which invariably leads to further mutations.