Meles Meles Habitat Selection

We looked first at the relationship between the wolf population and the moose population. From about 1960 to 1970, the wolf population remained fairly consistent at about 20 to 25 wolves. During this time, the moose population grew steadily from 500 to over 1200. The next 10 years saw a doubling of the wolf population to 50. This same 10 years saw a decrease of the moose population from over 1200 to over 800. Then in 1980 began a two year drastic decline in the moose population, which was brought down to 15. For the rest of the decade, the moose population remained quite low at numbers near 20. During the 1980s, the moose population doubled again from around 800 to

Now that you have considered the different habitats in which the white clover is found and the factors

The Point Arena mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa nigra) is a federally listed endangered subspecies that is restricted to the small area of Point Arena, in coastal Mendocino County, California (Zielinski, et al., 2013). (See Figure 1). The Point Arena mountain beaver is a dark brown, medium-sized burrowing rodent with small ears and eyes, and long whiskers and claws (National Park Service (NPS), n.d.). The subspecies is semi-fossorial, spending most of its five to six year lifespan in underground burrows (United States Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS), 2011). The burrows are typically found on moist and steep north-facing slopes or in well-drained gullies; each burrow contains separate chambers for food storage, nesting, and excrement (NPS,

The thesis of this article is that wolves, once endangered, have come back and started to flourish causing mixed feelings for locals and biologists. Wolves were once hunted because one, to protect livestock, and two, they were seen as pests and/or vermin. The government then put wolves under the endangered list to try to save them. Since then, wolf populations have multiplied.

study was done after the United States Parks Services brought wolfs back into the parks after 70

Greater Scaup (Aythya marila) and Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) populations have been steadily declining in the last decade. This has raised concerns among wildlife biologists as to what is the driving force behind these declines. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) is the main managing agency of waterfowl in the United States. The USFWS has decided to lower hunting bag limits in effort to decrease the population decline. In this report, I have reported the life history of the scaup, background to the population decline, current regulations, and other material dealing with the scaup population decline. I have created a proposed management plan to improve scaup habitat and compensate for the population decline.

Abernathy Field Station has the type of habitat which is suitable to find the American mink (Neovison Vison). To try and assess mink presence in Abernathy Field Station, sardines were used for bait and two infrared cameras were set up. Those two areas by Abe’s Creek were sectioned off because they were the most likely to have a mink living there. The cameras were checked weekly to see if there were mink tracks and scat in the mud. The mink habitat suitability index was used to see if AFS was a place where Minks would live (Loukmas, J. and Halbrook, R. 2001). This model just determines whether a habitat is suitable for a mink to live in. Possible sites were minks might have burrowed were also assessed. The hope was to see how abundant the species are in those areas and if they are not present what might be the reason for

Abstract: There is very little known about the Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse (SMHM). In 1970, SMHM was added to the endangered list, largely due to the fact their salt water habitats 84% gone. With the mouse being just under 3 inches in length, nocturnal, loving its dense cover protection, and the close resemblance to the Western Harvest Mouse, it makes field identification very difficult. Further research is needed not only into the population numbers of SMHM, but its habitat as well. Capture-recapture will be used to assess the SMHM population, where it will be measured, weighed, a patch of hair taken for re-identification, and released back into its habitat. Subplots will also be measured for the Pickleweed population using USFS protocol. Despite conservation efforts, there is a lot more that needs to be done to evaluate SMHM and its habitat to ensure its continued survival. The objective of this research proposal is to measure the SMHM population and its habitat, in order to evaluate the probability of its continued survival. The results of this research will be forwarded to the appropriate agency for further conservation efforts of SMHM in the San Francisco Bay.

Nature culture dichotomy is a Western world view so it is appropriate to consider using this analytical approach when discussing the issues associated with the re-introduction of the Mexican wolf to other stakeholders because of the areas where they would be re-introduced. The area is important because the people in these areas will have many of the same thoughts on how they view the re-introduction

The badgers are also able to provide good shelter for other animals after they move to a different location.

The authors eventually discuss the Yellowstone experiment and share their research results. They focus on the northern winter range which is a large mountain terrain that mostly occurs within the northeastern area of Yellowstone National Park. Here, the authors took into consideration annual precipitation and even the average depth of snowpacks. After looking to historical data for the northern range of Yellowstone, Ripple and Beschta evaluated recruitment on aspen and cottonwood over the last two centuries and found that the extirpation of wolves allowed elk to browse unimpeded during winter months. After going over data from Yellowstone after wolf

The Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) is a small mammal that is endemic to the United States. They live in the eastern part of the United States in deciduous forests. Their species can be found from the Appalachian Mountains through the interior Highland regions, including western Connecticut to northern Alabama (Castleberry et al 2006). Woodrats are restricted to areas that have rocky structures such as caves, fissures, and boulder piles and live within the spaces between rocks (Castleberry et al. 2006). Rocky habitats are good living spaces for them because the crevices provide protection from predators and also create a den environment for young to develop. Since rocky areas are usually distributed in patches throughout an environment, woodrats are considered to be metapopulations because their populations are separated (Castleberry et al. 2002). Other animals that can be found using the same rocky habitats for denning, roosting, or nesting include the Rafinesque 's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii), Townsend 's big-eared bat (C. townsendii), common raven (Corvus corax), long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata), eastern small-footed myotis (Myotis leibii), eastern spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius), and American black bear (Ursus americanus) (Castleberry et al. 2006). The different types of species that live in the community creates competition and leaves woodrat populations vulnerable. Competition and predators are examples of factors that

We have noticed a change in the population of brown and gray deer mice due to a drought. The environmental changes(the drought) had benefited the brown mice, but not the gray mice. The gray mice's population has dropped because camouflage is not suitable in their environment. Here are the recorded results prior to the drought:

Some of the large, main carnivores of the forest include the Siberian Tiger, lynx and bobcat. Some of the smaller herbivores in the forest include the arboreal porcupine and the terrestrial show shoe hare (w3.marietta.edu). Bird inhabit the forest in the summer; 1 in 3 birds in the United States and Canada spend their breeding seasons in the boreal forest (Berg, 2012). In order to survive in the winter, some animals burrow beneath the snow and forage for their food in tunnels in the forest floor. Others hibernate throughout that cold season. Insects are more prevalent during the summer months when plant growth is at its peak, but it dies down during the winter (w3.marietta.edu).

“Hunting and ecosystem-based management is the smartest and most cost-effective way to manage our wildlife. The basic idea of ecosystem-based management is that you manage ecosystems rather than specific species or disciplines.” For example “you do not mange pheasants as much as you manage the ecosystem in which the pheasants live. If the ecosystem is improved, it will produce more pheasants naturally.”(1)