Melting Point and Boiling Point of Organic Compounds

I. LIQUID - Identification of an Unknown Liquid: Using the physical properties of Solubility, Density, and Boiling Point.

In determining the melting point range of the aspirin, a capillary tube (sealed at one end) was one-third-filled with the dried aspirin. The capillary tube and a thermometer were immersed in an oil bath. The temperature at which the solid started to melt and the temperature when the entire sample was completely liquefied were recorded as the melting point temperature range.

Other substances that dissolve in water also lower the freezing point of the solution. The amount by which the freezing point is lowered depends only on the number of molecules dissolved, not on their chemical nature. This is an example of a colligative property. In this project, you'll investigate different substances to see how they affect the rate at which ice cubes melt. You'll test substances that dissolve in water (i.e., soluble substances), like salt and sugar, as well as substances that don't dissolve in water (i.e., insoluble substances), like sand and pepper. Which substances will speed up the melting of the ice?

4- chlorobenzoic acid which was the aqueous layer has a theoretical melting point of 240-243°C, the organic layer, 4-chlorobenzyl alcohol has a theoretical melting point of 68-71°C. During our experiment we were unable to collect any data for the organic

pH was recorded every time 1.00 mL of NaOH was added to beaker. When the amount of NaOH added to the beaker was about 5.00 mL away from the expected end point, NaOH was added very slowly. Approximately 0.20 mL of NaOH was added until the pH made a jump. The pH was recorded until it reached ~12. This was repeated two more times. The pKa of each trial are determined using the graphs made on excel.

8. ISBN: 0-558-05245-2 Virtual ChemLab: General Chemistry, Student Lab Manual/Workbook, V. 2.5, Third Edition, by Brian F. Woodfield and

Though the products had dissimilar melting point values, it is not enough to conclude that they are different. To be certain of the identity of the products, Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) and H- NMR were used. While IR is used to determine the functional groups present in an unknown substance through identification of covalent bonds, H-NMR is used to determine the structure of an unknown compound. The IR from both products had peaks at almost identical frequencies. The IR of both

Discussion: As seen in the melting point determination, the average melting point range of the product was 172.2-185.3ºC. The melting points of the possible products are listed as 101ºC for o-methoxybenzoic acid, 110ºC for m- methoxybenzoic acid, and 185ºC for p- methoxybenzoic acid. As the melting point of the sample

In this experiment, the identity of an unknown compound will be deduced from analysis of physical properties, boiling points, IR spectra, chemical tests, and melting points of derivatives. This experiment allows for individual selection of chemical tests, order of steps, and additional analysis, as necessary, based on what is needed to determine identity of unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory was to gain an understanding of the differences between the freezing points of pure solvent to that of a solvent in a solution with a nonvolatile solute, and to compare the two.

Lowe, B. (n.d.). ["Experimental Cookery From The Chemical And Physical Standpoint Read more: http://chestofbooks.com/food/science/Experimental-Cookery/The-Boiling-Point-Of-Water-And-Solutions.html#ixzz4Lyhecg47]. Retrieved October 02, 2016, from

Olmsted, John III; Williams, Greg; Burk, Robert C. Chemistry, 1st Canadian ed.; John Wiley and Sons Ltd: Mississauga, Canada, 2010, pp 399 - 406

More recently, distinctions between states have been based on differences in molecular interrelationships. Solid is the state in which intermolecular attractions keep the molecules in fixed spatial relationships. Liquid is the state in which

The purpose of this lab was to study colligative properties. These properties are properties that are affected when a solute is added to a solvent. Thus, the amount is important, not the actual type of substance, for the colligative properties. A couple types of this property are the freezing point and boiling point of a substance. (1)

Another factor affecting the solubility of the olive oil, vegetable oil, crisco, and lard is the principle of hydrophobic interaction. Hydrophobic interaction refers to when nonpolar solutes are in the presence of polar solvents, mainly water. When this happens, the