Meningitis: Pathophysiology

Meningitis is a contagious infection of the cerebrospinal fluid and inflammation of the meninges, the nearby membrane that covers the spinal cord and brain. Both the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid serve as protectors

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When inflammation occurs, the barrier becomes more permeable. The bacteria invade the respiratory passages and are disseminated by the bloodstream to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space and the meninges of the brain and spinal cord. A gathering of fluid damages the cranial nerves, destroys cerebral spinal fluid pathways, and induces vein

Type II: Hemorrhagic stroke: Hemorrhagic stroke is, the less common types of CVA, nearly 13% is all stroke cases and is a result from bleeding into the brain tissue itself (Intracerebral and intraparenchymal hemorrhage) or into subarachnoid space or the ventricles (subarachnoid hemorrhage or intraventricular hemorrhage). This type of stroke is

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C. Thesis Statement: Meningitis Diseas is a very rare infection of the brain D. Credibility Statement: 1. I was a survivor of Meningitis Diseas. 2. I've been diagnosed for almost half a year when I was six . E. Preview of Main Points: I. First i will discuss a the meaning of Meningitis Diseas. II. Second is what are the types of Meningitis Diseas. III. Third and last is their causes and symptoms. II. Meningitisn Diseas is a relatively rare infection It is an acute inflamation of the protictive membrane in the brain and spinal cored, known collectively as the Meninges.

Introduction Bacterial Meningitis affects the nervous system by causing inflammation of a trio of membranes known as the Meninges that are situated around the brain and spinal cord. It 's a disease that is slowly but surely being defeated worldwide with mortality rates falling from 464,000 deaths in 1990 to 303,000 in 2013[3]. Common symptoms throughout the period of an infection include; headaches, vomiting, fever, neck stiffness and an altered mental state. The severity of symptoms can depend on the species of bacteria that caused the infection. Due to recent medical advancements the rates of mortality have fallen considerably in the developed world, however meningitis is still prevalent in less economically developed countries. In this document I will be describing the various inner workings of the disease, but more specifically, it 's pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and preventative methods, furthermore I shall also be focusing more on the prevalence of the disease in the UK, as opposed to other locations. [1]

Week One Weekly Summary Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) CSF is produced by arterial blood coming mainly from the choroid plexus at a rate of about 500 ml per day. The clear, colorless fluid bathes the external surfaces its canals and ventricles. CSF protects the brain when jolted. It also keeps the brain buoyant and regulates the chemical environment of the brain. CSF reabsorbed by the arachnoid granules almost as quickly as it is produced, leaving about 150 mL in the body at any given time. CSF is found in the four ventricles of the brain which narrow into the central canal.

Pathophysiology N. meningitides specifically is carried in nasal mucosa and secretions and concentrates in the nasopharynx of those it will infect (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle, & Cheever, 2010). Once the offending bacteria reach the central nervous system (CNS), it replicates and undergoes lysis, which releases endotoxins (Porth & Matfin, 2009). These cell

“The particular form of meningitis called Meningococcal Meningitis is an infection that affects the brain and the spinal cord” (Meningococcal meningitis, 2015). “There is a thin lining that surrounds the brain and when Meningococcal Meningitis is present then this lining is affected” (Meningococcal meningitis, 2015). This infection is considered so dangerous because both the spinal cord and the brain are extremely important parts of the human body. “Meningococcal meningitis is a bacterial form of meningitis, a serious infection of the meninges that affects the brain membrane. It can cause severe brain damage and is fatal in 50% of cases if untreated” (Meningococcal meningitis, 2015). As stated, the brain damage that can occur due to the bacteria can cause death in the worst cases. “There are different kinds of bacteria that can be the cause of meningitis but Neisseria Meningitidis has the largest chance of causing a big epidemic” (Meningococcal Disease, 2015).

Consequently, the structure, functions, and organization of the brain's blood vessels are changed (Farkas, Luiten, 2001).

The brain is fill with a vast network of capillaries, which are surrounded by a single layer of cells and those cells are what forms a barrier between the capillaries and the fluid of the brain. Those cells are known as endothelial cells. This paper will focus mainly

Meningitis: Viral and Bacterial Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, membranes that surround the brain. This can extend as far as infecting the cerebral spinal fluid on top of causing the tissue to swell. Meningitis comes in two major forms; bacterially and virally. However, having bacterial meningitis is much more

4. CSF Diversion CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) is the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord. It is formed in the ventricles of the brain and follows a course down the spinal column and back up to the brain, where it is reabsorbed into the bloodstream.

Facts 3: There has also been studies that have shown that there is a decrease in blood flow to the cerebellar vermis in the brain