Meniscal Tears Essay

The test has the physician move the patellar back and forth while the patient flexes the knee at 30 degrees (Saladin, 1998, p. 44). This test helps diagnose how severe the patella is dislocated and decide the best treatment option. Another test a physician can do is called the patella tracking assessment where they have the patient single leg squat and then stand (Slamaian). If the “patella that slips medially on early flexion is called the J sign, and indicates imbalance between the VMO and lateral structures” (Saladin, 1998, p. 41). Both of these test help diagnose the correct treatment, the difference is the patellar apprehension test is used for more severe cases but both lead to the best treatment

Three different measurements were taken before and after the study. They included, pain intensity, disability, and quality of life. Pain was taken using a visual analog scale (VAS) which ranges from 0 to 10; 0 equaling no pain at all and 10 equaling the worst pain ever felt. Disability was taken using the Neck Disability Index (NDI). The NDI consisted of 10 items and were scored using percentages, the higher the percentage the higher the disability. And lastly, quality of life was taken using the Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). Scores in SF-36 ranged from 0 to 100 and the higher the patients number got, the better quality of life.

In addition, regression analysis was used to determine independent variable among age, BMI, grip strength, sex and K/L grade for knee pain. The result indicated that the most significant variable was BMI correlated with the occurrence of knee pain. ORs of BMI (+5 kg/m2) was 1.54 and the risk was 0.60 which was significant. This implied that the ORs of K/L grade for knee pain can be overestimated due to the possibility of extremely low risk of K/L grade. In fact, the percentage of participants who suffered from knee pain with K/L (grade 2) and K/L (grade 3 and 4) was just 61.0% and 71.0% respectively. In other words, it will be about 40% of participants with K/L grade 2 and about a third of subjects with K/L grade 3 and 4 had no pain at the knee joint at follow-up.

Research into the outcomes for successful ACL construction is necessary to ensure the improvement of the surgery, and thus the quality of the knee.[i] In the past, effectiveness of treatment was documented using empiric evaluation. Due to the discrepancies among existing scales, conclusions were often inaccurate, causing limitations in researchers’ abilities to compare treatment effectively.[ii] In addition, to confirm the most successful outcome of treatment, long term follow up studies are vital to analyze the successfulness. To do so, successive exams of patient progress and accuracy of surgery is important for an allowable duration.[iii] The Activities of Daily Living Scale, ADLS, is a reliable patient reported form that assesses the progress concerning the functional limitations of knee impairments.

Outcome measures: Pain will be assessed with Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), functional performance will be assessed with Kujala score, Patellofemoral Disability Index (PDI), and Lateral Step-up Test. Palpation meter (PALM) Inclinometer will be used to measure pelvic tilt angle, and the Baseline Bubble Inclinometer will be used to measure hip internal, external rotation and adduction. Global Rating of Change Scales (GROC) will be used to assess the overall

Several studies have been done to show the efficacy and successes surrounding the use of MSC in the treatment of OA. However, another study done by Kim et al. in 2015 knew and trusted that MSC was effective in helping slow the disease process of OA in knee joints, but was curious as to if, and how, the cells are placed in the joints makes a difference on the outcomes. They utilized a cohort study, finding 182 patients who were treated for knee OA either by having the cells injected along with plasma rich proteins (PRP), or implanted on a fibrin glue scaffoid in the joint. The researchers utilized two different scoring methods, the International knee documentation committee and the Tegner activity scale, as well as arthroscopically looking at the joints for their study. Kim et al. concluded that MSC implantation into the OA knee had better clinical outcomes than knees injected with MSC. This is interesting considering most studies being done at this time, and still today, utilize MSC intra-articular injections as their primary procedure method but according to this study, their trials would have better outcomes should they start implanting the cells instead.

More than 20 million people in the US and over 100 million people worldwide suffer from knee osteoarthritis. It is one of the most common causes of disability among older adults. The effects of knee osteoarthritis include severe joint pain and reduced bodily motion. In other words, it makes doing everyday physical activities such as kneeling, sitting, and walking up stairs extremely difficult.

Design: Quaxi-experimental two group pretest-posttest design. Sample: Participants both older men and women who admitted at orthopadeic units for total knee arthoplasty will be recruited in the study. The inclusion and exclusion criteria will be applied for the recruitment of the study participants. The sample size will be calculated by using effect size and power for statistic test. The participants will be randomly assigned into the experimental or control groups. The experimental group will be given a multicomponent discharge planning program during their admission while the control group will receive usual care. Study Outcomes: Patient outcomes include physical function and satisfaction to service, and hospital outcome are length of hospital stay, infection, and joint stiffness. The questionnaires, lab test, and patient documents will be employed for data collection at baseline, 2 and 4 week after patient discharge. Validity and reliability of all measures will be tested prior to data

Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder, and more than half of all Americans who are older than 65 have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis. However, recent US data has revealed knee osteoarthritis does not discriminate age, and there is growing evidence that osteoarthritis affects individuals at a young age. The annual cost of osteoarthritis due to treatment and loss of productivity in the US is estimated to be more than 65 billion dollars.1 With no cure currently available for osteoarthritis, current treatments focus on management of symptoms. The primary goals of therapy include improved joint function, pain relief, and increased joint stability. Although the exact cause of osteoarthritis is unknown, many risk factors have been identified including increased age, female gender, obesity, and trauma.2 Within these risk factors, the etiology of osteoarthritis has been divided into anatomy, body mass, and gender.

Men presented more contusions in the lateral compartment (78% Vs 57%, p=0,036) and 70% had associated menisci and ACL injuries (vs. 30% in women,

According to the Alzheimer’s Society (2013) pain is still poorly detected and undertreated in people with dementia admitted to acute hospital sectors. This is because those with dementia or with more than mild cognitive impairment can often find it difficult to express that they are in pain or are unable to articulate the level of pain that they are in (Banicek,2010). As the

As a common procedure, arthroscopic meniscectomy is used to treat patients who have suffered from a meniscal tear. By doing so, the removal of torn meniscal fragments and trimming the meniscus back to a stable rim is completed in attempt to relieve pain and further knee complications (Sihvonen et al., 2013). In this case, it was tested if this procedure is in fact effective and beneficial in treating this specific injury.

Many meniscus repair can be treated non surgically, through physiotherapy, cortisone injections, strengthening exercises, anti-inflammtory medicines etc. But some of the tears requires surgical intervention.

The mean age of the patients was 36.5±8.4. The knee society score, WOMAC and SF36 quality of life scores had been significantly improved at 12 months post-surgery. The mean preoperative flexion contracture (27.6±11.2) was significantly corrected (14.2±6.2) at the end of the procedure (p<0.05). The largest part of the residual deformity improved within 6 months of surgery.

The knee is a complex structure often taken for granted. Its construction is meant to withstand immense amounts of pressure and provide cushion with each footfall. However, like all structures, it experiences bouts of turmoil and requires repair. With proper timing on the reparation of the arrangement, it is able to return to adequate functioning without flaw. However, the poor habit developing in many people of ignoring the problem until it cannot be ignored is destroying more than what can be repaired. Joint pain and loss of mobility is the most common cause of impairment in middle-aged and elderly people (Vanwanseele 11). A growing issue that can be avoided with proper care, the degeneration of cartilage and bone in the knees is easily caused,